Öz:Bu araştırma ile klasik gitar öğretiminde eşit tampere sisteme uyarlanmış makamsal içerikli etüt ve eserlerin kullanılabilirliğinin ve bu bağlamda geliştirilen öğretim programının öğrenci başarısına etkisinin ne düzeyde olduğunun tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, "tek grup ön test - son test" desende oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu; Harran Üniversitesi Müzik Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı'nda öğrenim gören bireysel çalgı gitar öğrencileridir (n=7). Çalışma grubuna; Hüseynî, Kürdî, Hicâz, Râst ve Nihâvend makam dizileri ve yapıları temel alınarak 11 haftalık bir klasik gitar öğretim programı uygulanmıştır. Bu öğretim programı kapsamında uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda her makam için 5 etüt ve 5 eser bestelenmiştir. Öğretim süreci ikişer haftalık bölümlerden oluşmaktadır. İlk haftada teorik olarak makamın ve ilgili etüdün çalışılması, ikinci haftada ise ilgili eserin çalışılması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki haftalık sürecin ilk haftasında; ilgili makam öğrencilere teorik olarak anlatılmadan önce, öğrencilerin bilgi düzeylerini görebilmek adına dört soruluk ön sınavlar yapılmıştır. Anlatım gerçekleştirildikten sonra aynı sınav tekrarlanmış ve dersin etkisi, öğrencilerin öğrenim durumları yeniden tespit edilmiştir. Teorik çalışmanın takibinde ilgili etüt ve eser çalışılıp ön test - son testleri uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Bu işlem, tüm çalışma sürecinde her makam için beş defa yapılmıştır. Bu eser ve etütlere yönelik ön test - son test puanları, klasik gitar alan uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda hazırlanmış olan "performans değerlendirme formu" aracılığı ile tespit edilmiştir. Performans değerlendirme formu; teknik ve müzikal boyutlara ilişkin 20 maddeden değerlendirilmesi işlemini, altı farklı üniversiteden altı alan uzmanı gerçekleştirmiştir. Veri analizi için Kendall's W, Wilcoxon testleri oluşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin performanslarının uygulanmış; etki büyüklükleri için r değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Puanlayıcılar arası uyuşum düzeyinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; makamsal içerikli öğretim programının öğrenci başarısını yüksek etki düzeyi ile arttırdığı, dolayısıyla uygulamaların kullanılabilir olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Abstract:Problem Status The classical guitar which has been an education from centuries ago, with the development of its techniques and increasing of its players; have been had a place of national and international many music types. In turkey, for last thirty years, the classical guitar had a systematic process, and now it continues with source of west music process. However with the thought of an education from environment to the earth, for last twenty years a modal structure has been discussed. According to the researches, the content study revealed the lack of Turkish music study and works. Study and work in the repertoire due to a lack of modal content of education has been observed that western music has continued to be the source. Modal study can be used to teach technical content and musicality works and behaviors that the composition of students can provide undergoing vocational training to achieve positive results in the academic period guitar. Musically, study with traditional sounds and how this affects the enforcement capacity of the works is an issue that needs to be focus on. The instruments in music education, music teacher training programs of individual students belong to a culture not own music with can be considered as a shortcoming of procedural and enforcement authorities. Considering the technical structure of these instruments, original compositions and arrangements with traditional or adapted to the system as equal tampere modal planning can be performed. From there, research on teaching to group students with classical guitar studies and works in Turkey with new Turkish music rhythms woven with the themes and content of the methodology aims to contribute to a progressive way with a structure. Research’s problem statement; “Equal tamperament adapted to the system with a repertoire of Turkish music classical guitar works written by melodic sequences and sampling study of the teaching and practice, is it possible?” Individual instrument classical guitar students, and executive information of this research with the idea to have the ability modal sub-problems are as follows: The overall performance of the students of the Working Group is there a significant difference between in terms of pre-test and post-test? Working group of students, in terms of technical evaluation is there a significant difference between pre-test and post-test? Working in terms of the evaluation of the students of the musical group, is there a significant difference between pre-test and posttest? Premises Research; (a) an honest approach to the work of the group to be studied, (b) eligibility for the research topic from the literature and the research literature (c), the application execution information that will be made of the students in the experimental group, basic music knowledge and prepared regarding the appropriateness of the work programme of the research propositions based on the correctness of the views of experts and routes the field. Limits In this study, (a), the program is limited to Harran University music education for seven students that are studying in the undergraduate program in classical guitar, (b) an expert in the field of six classical guitar players, and an expert in the field of composing an expert in the field of Turkish music, (c) field research and interviews determined according to Hüseynî, Kürdî, Hicâz, Râst, Nihâvend and composed a work for each study and, (d) made in the process of teaching pre-test and post-test performance records, and (e) applied pre-week working with. Method The experimental model designed in this study, “single group pre – test and post-test pattern” is used. “Single-group pre – test and post-test are tested the effect of the independent variable in the model on a randomly selected group. There are before and after the experiment and the experiment measurements. Before and after the experiment the subjects of the main experiment here is the impact on the argument” (Kıncal, 2010: 115). According to another definition, “in this pattern, the studies on the effect of experimental process is tested with a single group. Measurements the subjects dependent variable pre-test after the final test the same subjects and the same as is achieved by using the measurement tools. Randomness and matching are not exist. The pattern can be defined as a pattern or a single-factor repeated measures” (Buyukozturk et al. 2008: 142). Results At the end of experimental process studies and works of general, technical and musical in the last test assessments pre – test scores revealed that the differences between them. When it comes to quantitative data about the overall performance, the general average in studies for the highest increase in the Hicâz in some studies, the lowest increase was observed in Kürdî studies. When looking at some of the works, the highest increase is in the works, it is observed that the lowest increase in the Hüseynî works. When looking at the quantitative data of the technical evaluation, on average, on the basis of these studies, the highest rise in studies Hicâz, the lowest increase was observed in Kürdî studies. Looking at some of the works, the highest increase in the works of the Hicâz, Hüseynî, it is observed that the lowest increase is in the works. Forming the second part of the assessment of evaluating musical performance according to the average, the highest increase in scoring as for some general and technical studies, in studies of the hijaz, again the lowest increase was observed in Kürdî studies. When looking at some of the works, the highest rise in the works of the Râst as the global average, it is observed that the lowest increase is in the works Kürdî. This study shows that students are successful in the process in general the whole situation. According to the obtained results, general technical and musical in the last test assessments pre – test of the difference of the increase in us to such an instruction can be developed and the results were successful and even more successful shows. When looking at the reasons for this, geographic susceptibility of individuals, feelings, and behavior study of cultural transfer and the result of the usual modal content can be considered as a reflection of success in the execution of the works. Individuals who live in this region, which we can consider the first they heard of the lullaby music and sound reveals that the situation is reflected even in the execution of the modal. In this context, on average in the last twenty years in conjunction with this study research supports this view. At this point, and works to reveal the new study is of great importance. Tampere with Turkish music classical guitar written works adapted to the system existing equal levels of student challenges for the authorities for it are inadequate and should not be ignored it must also be noted that the survey. However, it's an issue that should be addressed; regardless of the type of instrument that this and similar problems is not very accurate at this point to separate from each other. Actually the situation for classical guitar will be able to be applied to other Western instruments. In this context, a repertoire of methodology to be created and is thought to be important.
