Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Relationship between microalbuminuria and cardiovascular risk factors

Abstract

Aim: In this study, the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and microalbuminuria (MAU) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was investigated. Materials and Methods: The data of type 2 DM patients without CVD were evaluated retrospectively. Anthropometric measurements were made using calibrated standard devices. Biochemical data of the patients were obtained from the hospital information processing system. Patients with type 1 DM, history of CVD and diseases that may affect the MAU level were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.0. Results: The study included 300 type 2 DM patients with the mean age of 58.9±10.1. 56.7% of the cases (n=170) were female, and 43.3% (n=130) were male. 12.7% of the cases were obese (BMI>30 kg/m2). Body mass index, blood pressure (BP), LDL, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipoprotein (a) levels were detected to be higher in patients with MAU (p<0.05). In the multivariate model, lipoprotein (a) (OR=1.015 p=0.004) and systolic BP (OR=1.052 p=0.000) increase the risk of MAU. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and impaired glycemic control are closely related to microalbuminuria. MAU follow-up should be done regularly in every diabetic patient as it can prevent and reduce the clinical and economic burden of diabetes complications.