In recent years, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in the treatment of colorectal cancer has attracted widespread attention. The potential benefits of NOSES including reduction in postoperative pain and wound complications, less use of postoperative analgesic, faster recovery of bowel function, shorter length of hospital stay, better cosmetic and psychological effect have been described in colorectal surgery. Despite significant decrease in surgical trauma of NOSES have been observed, the potential pitfalls of this technique have been demonstrated. Particularly, several issues including bacteriological concerns, oncological outcomes and patient selection are raised with this new technique. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to reach a consensus as an industry guideline to standardize the implementation of NOSES in colorectal surgery. After three rounds of discussion by all members of the International Alliance of NOSES, the consensus is finally completed, which is also of great significance to the long-term progress of NOSES worldwide.
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[Guan, Xu; Liu, Zheng; Zhou, Hai-Tao; Wang, Xi-Shan] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China.
[Longo, Antonio] Humanitas Gavazzeni, Dept Coloproctol & Pelv Dis, Bergamo, Italy.
[Cai, Jian-Chun] Xiamen Univ, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Zhongshan Hosp, Xiamen, Peoples R China.
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[da Costa Pereira, Joaquim Manuel; Nogueira, Fernanda] Hosp Braga, Dept Surg, Braga, Portugal.
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[Escalante, Ricardo] Univ Cent Venezuela, Ctr Med Loira, Caracas, Venezuela.
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[Hu, Jun-Hong] Henan Univ, Dept Gen Surg, Huaihe Hosp, Kaifeng, Peoples R China.
[Kayaalp, Cuneyt] Inonu Univ, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Malatya, Turkey.
[Kim, Seon-Hahn] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Anam Hosp, Seoul, South Korea.
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[Kuo, Li-Jen] Taipei Med Univ Hosp, Div Colorectal Surg, Taipei, Taiwan.
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[Okuda, Junji] Osaka Med Coll Hosp Canc Ctr, Innovat Unit Colorectal Canc, Osaka, Japan.
[Saklani, Avanish] Tata Mem Hosp, Dept GI Surg Oncol, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
[Shafik, Ali A.] Cairo Univ, Dept Colorectal Surg, Cairo, Egypt.
[Song, Jun-Min] Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Anorectal Surg, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China.
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[Uehara, Keisuke] Nagoya Univ, Div Surg Oncol, Grad Sch Med, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
[Wang, Gui-Yu] Harbin Med Univ, Dept Colorectal Canc Surg, Affiliated Hosp 2, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
[Wei, Ye] Fudan Univ, Zhongshan Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Xiong, Zhi-Guo] Hubei Prov Canc Hosp, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Yao, Hong-Liang] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Dept Gen Surg, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Gang] Binzhou Med Coll, Peoples Hosp Linzi Dist, Dept Surg, Zibo, Peoples R China.
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