Abstract:
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a chronic renal inflammation characterized by destruction and replacement of
its parenchyma with granulomatous tissue. This uncommon condition is rare in children. We report on a 5-month-old
male infant with a left renal and hepatic mass detected by ultrasound. The case was preoperatively misdiagnosed as
Wilms’ tumor and total nephrectomy and biopsy from liver lesion were performed. The subsequent histopathological
findings confirmed the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis for renal and liver lesions. Increasing
awareness of this disease should lead to the diagnosis being suspected preoperatively even if it is with unconnected
tissue lesions.
