Gundogan, ErsinAktas, AydinKayaalp, CuneytGonultas, FatihSumer, Fatih2024-08-042024-08-0420171895-45882299-0054https://doi.org/10.5114/wiitm.2017.69227https://hdl.handle.net/11616/97996We present two cases of natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) after laparoscopic total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis (TC-IRA), and we also review all of the previously reported cases. Our aim was to focus on patient selection for NOSE after TC-IRA. The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were scanned. Demographic features, surgical indications, and techniques were analyzed. Basic calculations were used for statistical analysis. A total of 13 cases were detected in addition to our 2 cases. All of the specimens were removed through the natural orifices successfully. No case required a diverting ileostomy. No patients were converted to open surgery or to conventional laparoscopy. Complications were reported in three patients. Transanal extractions were performed in 12 cases (10 colonic inertia, 2 polyposis), and transvaginal extractions were performed in 3 cases (2 malignancy, 1 colonic inertia). Both transanal and transvaginal specimen extractions after laparoscopic TC-IRA can be preferred. However, transanal extraction seems to be feasible in cases of TC for benign disease with a limited mesenteric-omental resection. If the indication is a malignancy requiring a mesenteric-omental resection, a transvaginal route should be preferred for a voluminous specimen.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessnatural orifice surgeryslow transit constipationcolorectal cancerlaparoscopic colorectal surgeryreviewtransrectalReview Article1232912962906245110.5114/wiitm.2017.692272-s2.0-85031670806Q2WOS:000412199700013Q4