Keles, AliKamalak, AliyeKeskin, CangulAkcay, MerveUzun, Ismail2024-08-042024-08-0420161329-19471747-4477https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12145https://hdl.handle.net/11616/97616This study aims to compare the efficacy of different irrigation activation methods to remove smear layer and debris from oval-shaped root canals following retreatment. Ninety mandibular canines with oval-shaped root canals were selected. Retreatment was performed with R-Endo retreatment files. The samples were randomly divided into six groups (n=15). Groups were assigned according to agitation technique: R-Endo with classic irrigation, with self-adjustable file, with passive ultrasonic irrigation, R-Endo+Er:YAG, R-Endo+PIPS and R-Endo+Nd:YAG. Compared with the classic irrigation (R-Endo+CI) group, all other groups were more successful in reducing smear layer and debris (P<0.05). The least amount of residual smear layer and debris was detected in the Er:YAG laser group (P<0.05). Additional use of different agitation methods contributes to removal of debris and smear layer following root canal filling removal with rotary instruments; however, none of the techniques tested render root canal walls completely free of smear layer or debris.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessEr:YAG laserNd:YAG laserPIPS laserretreatmentSAFultrasonicThe efficacy of laser, ultrasound and self-adjustable file in removing smear layer debris from oval root canals following retreatment: A scanning electron microscopy studyArticle4231041112678670910.1111/aej.121452-s2.0-85001950537Q2WOS:000389407700003Q4