Akbulut, Sami2026-04-042026-04-042025978-303197277-5978-303197276-8https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-97277-5_14https://hdl.handle.net/11616/107978Hydatid disease, also known as hydatidosis or echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus species, requires structured follow-up to prevent recurrence and manage complications. Treatment options include surgery, radiological intervention, medical therapy and wait and watch, each necessitating a specific post-treatment surveillance approach. Imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are essential for monitoring disease progression, while serological tests, particularly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect hemagglutination, aid in assessing therapeutic response. However, in immunosuppressed patients, standard serological tests may yield false-negative results, making Western blot a more reliable alternative. For patients undergoing liver transplantation due to alveolar echinococcosis, long-term monitoring is crucial to prevent disease recurrence and optimize immunosuppressive therapy. While some centers do not routinely use anthelmintic benzimidazoles post-transplant, most recommend their administration for up to 2 years to minimize recurrence risk. A multidisciplinary approach incorporating radiology, serology, and clinical assessment is key to achieving optimal long-term outcomes. This chapter presents structured follow-up protocols and highlights best practices in hydatid disease surveillance to enhance patient management and prognosis. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessFollow-upHydatid diseaseImaging modalitiesLiver transplantationPreventionSerological monitoringSurveillanceBook Part17718610.1007/978-3-031-97277-5_142-s2.0-105023598313N/A