Kilictas, BilgesahAraz, MuratOruc, AhmetCaglayan, DilekEmin, GamzeYildirim, AtilaAydin, Tayyip Ilker2026-04-042026-04-0420251120-009X1973-9478https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2601938https://hdl.handle.net/11616/109246This multicentre real-world study evaluated the efficacy of targeted therapies in Turkish patients with metastatic squamous cell lung carcinoma harbouring driver mutations. Sixty-four patients with alterations such as EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 who received targeted agents were retrospectively analysed. EGFR mutations were most common (67.2%). Among EGFR-TKI-treated patients, median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 12.4 and 14.3 months, respectively. Alectinib yielded a median PFS of 18.6 months and OS of 29.8 months in ALK-positive patients, while crizotinib produced a median PFS and OS of 7 months in ROS1-positive patients. The overall response rate was 50% and the disease control rate 84.4%. Although targeted therapies prolonged PFS compared with chemotherapy, this improvement did not translate into a significant OS advantage, likely influenced by retrospective design and treatment crossover. Findings represent real-world outcomes in a molecularly defined subgroup.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessSquamous cell lung cancertargeted therapy: EGFR mutationALK rearrangementreal-world dataprogression-free survivaloverall survivalreal-world evidenceArticle4141490110.1080/1120009X.2025.26019382-s2.0-105025555351Q3WOS:001645100600001Q30000-0003-2843-27480000-0002-9316-72770000-0002-4632-95010000-0003-4629-68150000-0002-1549-73260000-0001-8014-41400009-0003-0923-5148