Bugday, NesrinGabiam, Edoh NicodemeErk, NevinBay, M. SonerGenc, Asena AyseDuygulu, OzgurYasar, Sedat2026-04-042026-04-0420242470-1343https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c04821https://hdl.handle.net/11616/109364Highly crystallized Co and Co3O4 nanoparticles embedded in an N-doped amorphous carbon matrix have been successfully fabricated by the molten-salt-assisted method using KClO3 and zeolitic imidazolate framework-12 (ZIF-12). Pyrolysis of ZIF-12 with different concentrations of KClO3 leads to embedded Co and Co3O4 nanoparticles in a conductive amorphous carbon network. The impact of salt concentration on the morphology and electrochemical performance of these composites was investigated for electrochemical sensor applications. By employing a straightforward and efficient technique, Co/Co3O4 heterostructures were successfully synthesized in N-doped porous amorphous carbon. The Co/Co3O4 carbon heterostructures were optimized by varying the salt concentration, resulting in a significant electrochemical sensor performance for detecting ALC in both bulk and biological fluids. The sensor demonstrates excellent sensitivity (62.97 nmol/L) and selectivity toward ALC, with a wide linear range (0.2-2 mu M) and a low detection limit (18.89 nM). Furthermore, it displays remarkable stability and reproducibility, positioning it as a strong contender for practical use in pharmaceutical analysis and biomedical research. This study presents a significant advancement in electrochemical sensing technology and underscores the potential of Co/Co3O4 heterostructures in the development of high-performance sensors for detecting bioactive compounds in complex matrices.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMetal-Organic FrameworksEnergy-StorageMs/Ms MethodNitrogenNanoparticlesElectrodeArticle94444282442923952464610.1021/acsomega.4c048212-s2.0-85207911135Q1WOS:001340726100001Q20000-0001-5366-92750000-0001-7285-27610000-0001-8646-0363