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Öğe Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli andKlebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinarytract infections in a tertiary care hospital(2021) Doğan, Ahmet; Köse, Adem; Gezer, Yakup; Ersoy, Yasemin; Bayindir, Yasar; Özden, Mehmet; Memisoglu, Funda; Altunisik Toplu, SibelAim: To determine etiological microorganisms from urine samples in patients diagnosed with UTI and to detect the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Tertiary Care Hospital.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using urine culture samples and sensitivity reports collected retrospectively from our laboratory records over a period from Jan 2013 to Dec 2017.Results: A total of 729 urine culture isolates from 660 patients were included. Two-hundred eighty-four (41.8%) of the patients were male and 384 (58.2%) were female. The most common microorganisms were 46.4% E. coli, 18.2% K. pneumoniae and 12.1% Enterococcus spp., respectively. A total of 284 urine culture isolates produced extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), of which 186 (65.5%) were E. coli and 98 (34.5%) were K. pneumoniae. The most susceptible antimicrobials are meropenem, imipenem, amikacin, and fosfomycin, respectively. We determined that the antimicrobial drugs with the lowest susceptibility rates for both E. coli and K. pneumoniae were amoxicillin-clavulanate (24.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (30.7%) and ceftriaxone (43.2%). Additionally, their susceptibilities have gradually decreased. Ertapenem susceptibility has decreased more in K. pneumoniae isolates than E. coli.Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance and ESBL-producing for both E. coli and K. pneumoniae have been increasing over the years. Our findings may contribute to choosing the proper antibiotic for the empirical treatment of UTI and preventing treatment failure.Öğe Diagnosis of tularemia in a university hospital in Türkiye - 11-year evaluation(2023) Gezer, Yakup; Toplu, Sibel; Celık, Dondu; Ersoy, Yasemin; Bayindir, Yasar; Özden, Mehmet; Memişoğlu, FundaAim: Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative coccobacillus and is the causative agent of tularemia, which is endemic in our country. The most common clinical form in Turkey is the oropharyngeal form. Sensitive lymphadenopathy is the most important finding, and fever, fatigue, and muscle and joint pain may occur in all clinical forms. Rodents such as rabbits, mice, and squirrels are the main reservoirs for humans, and the transmission is through contact with infected animal secretions and organs, contaminated water, and food. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic, epidemiological, and clinical features of cases diagnosed with tularemia. Materials and Methods: Among the 583 patients whose serum samples were sent with a preliminary diagnosis of tularemia between 2011 and 2021, tularemia microagglutination test result (MAT) ?1/160 titer, 18 years and older cases were included in the study. Results: A total of 24 tularemia cases were detected, with a mean age of 43.3±17 years, 10 (41.7%) were male, and 14 (58.3%) were female. The most common symptoms and findings among the cases were lymphadenopathy (LAP) (95.8%), fatigue (66.7%), sore throat, and high fever (58.3%), and the most common epidemiological history was living in a rural area (91.7%) and dealing with animal husbandry (66.7%), and 18 (75%) cases were referred to as oropharyngeal tularemia. More than half of the cases were detected between October and March. Conclusion: Tularemia is one of the endemic diseases in our country, and the epidemio- logical history should be taken carefully and kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. Since it is the first tularemia study conducted in Malatya, it shows the epidemiological characteristics of the region.Öğe Evaluation of the patient with lymphadenopathy: Is it always easy to reach the correct diagnosis?(2021) Köse, Adem; Doğan, Ahmet; Bayindir, Yasar; Ersoy, Yasemin; Özden, Mehmet; Memişoğlu, Funda; Toplu, SibelLymphadenopathy (LAP) is a common clinical problem in adult patients and should be thoroughly evaluated in a tertiary hospital to investigate its reasons. In this study,we aimed to present the demographic characteristics, etiology, diagnosis and follow-up results of the patients who applied with LAP symptoms and findings. This studywas designed to include adult patients with neck, armpit, or groin swelling accompanied by symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, weight loss, cough and sputum betweenJanuary 2010 and August 2017, retrospectively. Patients’ data were collected from electronic files. Patients were diagnosed using radiological, histopathological,bacteriological, serological and other microbiological methods. Two hundred-thirty patients were included in this study. The mean age was 43.12±17.06 SD in males and45.74±16.64 in females. On admission, the most common symptoms were night sweats (31%), fever (23%), weight loss (17%) and cough and/or sputum (13%) in orderof frequency. However, 16% of the patients were asymptomatic. In this study, 157 (68.26%) patients were diagnosed. Tuberculosis (n=76; 33%), malignancies (n=28,12.1%) and tularemia (N=14; 6.1%) were the most common diseases causing LAP that was most commonly located in the bilateral cervical chain. Lymphadenopathyshould be evaluated comprehensively concerning diagnosing or ruling out many diseases that must be treated necessarily. Knowledge and awareness of the diseases as acause of LAP may contribute to the early and correct diagnosis. Therefore, undiagnosed patients should be followed, and the institutions should develop policies for thispurpose, such as telemedicine applications.Öğe Sürekli Ayaktan Periton Diyaliziyle İlişkili Peritonit: Klinik Özellikler, Etken Mikroorganizmalar ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıkları(2016) Sağmak Tartar, Ayşe; Özden, Mehmet; Akbulut, Ayhan; Demirdağ, Kudbettin; Balin Özer, ŞafakÖz: Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastanemizde gelişen sürekli ayaktan periton diyalizi (SAPD) ile ilişkili peritonitlerde klinik özelliklerin, etken mikroorganizmaların ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesidir. Yöntemler: Bu prospektif çalışmaya Ocak 2012-Şubat 2013 tarihleri arasında Fırat Üniversitesi Hastanesi Nefroloji Kliniği, sürekli ayaktan periton diyalizi ünitesinde takip edilen 55 olgudan peritonit atağıyla başvuran 18 yaş ve üstü erişkin 30 hasta alındı. Kültürler Uluslararası Periton Diyalizi Derneği'nin önerdiği şekilde hem katı besiyerine hem de kan kültürü şişelerine ekilerek yapıldı. Antibiyotik duyarlılığı disk difüzyon yöntemiyle araştırıldı.Bulgular: Hastaların 28 (%93.3)'inde batında hassasiyet, 4 (%13.3)'ünde batında defans /"rebound", 9 (%30)'unda ateş, 13 (%43.3)'ünde bulantı ve kusma, 5 (%16.7)'inde ishal saptandı. Bulanık diyaliz sıvısı ve karın ağrısı bütün hastalarda saptandı. Periton sıvısının direkt Gram boyamasında bir (%3.3) hastada pozitiflik mevcuttu. Periton sıvısı kültüründe 28 (%93.3) hastada üreme oldu. Katı besiyerinde 14 (%46.7), kan kültürü şişesinde 28 (%93.3) hastada üreme saptandı. İki (%6.7) hastada ise periton sıvısı kültürlerinde her iki yöntemle de üreme olmadı. Her iki yöntemle idantifiye edilen mikroorganizmalar ve antibiyogramları birbirinin aynısıydı. Gram-pozitif mikroorganizmalardan 16 (%57.1)'sı koagülaz-negatif stafilokok, 4 (%14.3)'ü Staphylococcus aureus, 4 (%14.3)'ü streptokok, 1 (%3.6)'i enterokok olarak tespit edildi. Gram-negatif mikroorganizmalardan 2'si Escherichia coli, 1'i Yersinia enterocolitica idi. Gram-pozitif mikroorganizmalarda penisilin direnci %46.2 olarak saptandı. Stafilokok türlerinde metisiline direnç oranı ise %9.5 olarak bulundu.Sonuçlar: Her merkezin kendi etken ve duyarlılık profilini bilmesi, uygun ampirik tedavi seçeneğini belirlemesi açısından gereklidir. Bu strateji sayesinde gereksiz antibiyotik kullanımının önlenmesi sağlanmış ve antibiyotiklere karşı direnç gelişmesi ihtimali de azaltılmış olacaktır.Öğe A waterborne outbreak of epidemic diarrhea due to group A rotavirus in Malatya Turkey(New Microbiologics, 2011) Köroğlu, Mehmet; Yakupoğulları, Yusuf; Otlu, Barış; Öztürk, Serhat; Özden, Mehmet; Özer, Ali; Şener, Kemal; Durmaz, RızaWe characterized an outbreak of acute diarrheal disease caused by group A rotavirus that occurred during the Autumn of 2005 in Malatya City, Turkey. A total 9907 patients between 0 to 91 years old (mean age: 25.05±19.67) were included in the epidemic. The patients’ data were prospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Microbiologic analyses were performed to determine the etiologic agent. Rapid onset diarrhea (98.36%), abdominal cramps (69%), fever (44.4%) and vomiting (69.6%) were the most common symptoms observed in patients. Rotavirus antigen was detected in 52.7% of the studied patients. RT-PCR analysis led to identification of Group A rotavirus as the causative agent of this epidemic. Simultaneous measurements of the drinking water samples yielded very low chlorine levels; as low as 0 to 0.05 mg/L. The outbreak investigation team indicated possible contamination of a large water depository from a water well, which supplies drinking water to two major districts of the city. Effective chlorination and blockage of the passage between the well and the water depository stopped the outbreak. This outbreak shows the high epidemic potency of rotavirus in large human populations, including all age groups, and underlines the importance of water safety in pipeline systems.
