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    Alleviation of Everzol Red LFB Toxicity in Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) by Exogenous Salicylic Acid
    (2020) Akbulut, Gülçin Beker; Turhan, Duygu Özhan; Yiğit, Emel
    Abstract: Salicylic acid (SA) has an important function in the formation of induced systemic resistance. The aim of this study was to determine effects of exogenous application of 0.5 mM SA on the stress response in duckweed (Lemna minor L.) exposed to the reactive dyestuff Everzol Red LFB (ER LFB). Phytotoxic responses induced by exposure to both ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm) and 0.5 mM SA+ ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm) applications were comparatively examined at 1st, 4th, and 7th days. The lowest chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), and total chlorophyll (total Chl) contents were found in the 300 ppm ER LFB groups. The carotenoid (Car) content was decreased compared to control groups. The highest total glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) activities were found after 0.5 mM SA + 300 ppm ER LFB groups at 7th day. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was reduced at 7th day. The level of lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased generally both ER LFB and SA+ER LFB groups compared to control groups. Results suggest that SA plays a positive role in L. minor against ER LFB.
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    Effect of Glyphosate on Some Protective Systems in Zea mays L.
    (Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2018) Akbulut, Gülçin Beker; Yiğit, Emel; Bayram, Dilek
    Öz: Glyphosate is an herbicide that is applied after non-selective germination and affects plant growth. In this study, glyphosate was applied to Zea mays L. after germination, at a concentration range from 0.017 to 0.145 M in a growth chamber. The effects of this herbicide on some antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate content were investigated on days 1, 5 and 10 following the application. Results showed that peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were increased in the groups treated with glyphosate on days 5 and 10, but the activities of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) were decreased on day 10. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content indicating lipid peroxidation was increased on days 1, 5 and 10. Changes in total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate contents were found to be time-dependent. These increases and decreases in the antioxidant activities, MDA content, total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate content in Zea mays L. were determined as a symptom of cytotoxicity caused due to glyphosate.