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Öğe The diagnostic value of immunohistochemistry in the typing of renal tumors with eosinophylic cytoplasma(Comenius Univ, 2020) Kucuk, S.; Akpolat, N.AIM: In this study, we aimed to review the diagnostic approach to eosinophilic cell renal neoplasms by light microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques. METHOD: In this study 23 of these tumors were eosinophilic variant classic RCC, 15 eosinophilic variant papillary RCC, 13 eosinophilic variant chromophobe RCC and 13 oncocytoma cases. These tumors were immunohistochemically treated with CK7, CD117, EpCAM, Vimentin, RCCm (Renal cell carcinoma marker) and GST-alpha. RESULTS: In our study, contrary to the general literature on Vimentin, 65.2 % negativity was found in our patients with eosinophilic variant classic RCC. However, when compared with other tumor types in our study, vimentin expression was highest in eosinophilic variant classical RCC with 34.8 %. Statistically; RCCm, GST-alpha, EpCAM, CD117, CK7 were found to be significantly associated with tumor types, while no significant relationship was found between Vimentin and tumor types. RCCm positivity and CK7 and CD117 negativity were in favour of eosinophilic variant classical RCC, EpCAM, CK7 and CD117 positivity and Vimentin, GST-alpha and RCCm negativity supported eosinophilic variant chromophobe RCC, CK7 and RCCm positivity and CD117 and GST-alpha negativity were found in favour of eosinophilic variant papillary RCC. CD117 positivity and Vimentin, CK7 and GST-alpha negativity were found to support oncocytoma. CONCLUSIONS: The panel with RCCm, GST-alpha, EpCAM, CD117, CK7 will contribute to the differentiation of eosinophilic cytoplasm renal tumors that cannot be determined by morphological findings and to reach the correct diagnosis (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 54). Text in PDF www.elis.skÖğe Effect of melatonin on torsion and reperfusion induced pathogenesis of rat uterus(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Saat, N.; Risvanli, A.; Dogan, H.; Onalan, E.; Akpolat, N.; Seker, I; Sahna, E.We investigated the use of melatonin to improve fertility and reduce uterine damage caused by torsion of the uterus in pregnant rats. We used 35 pregnant rats at gestational age 18 days. The animals were randomized into five groups. Group 1 was anesthetized only. Group 2 was subjected to experimental uterine torsion of 360 degrees and the torsion was corrected after 6 h. Group 3 was subjected to uterine torsion of 360 degrees, the torsion was corrected after 6 h and melatonin was administered at the time of correction. Group 4 rats were subjected to 360o uterine torsion and melatonin was administered 6 h later at the time of correction. Group 5 was administered melatonin followed by uterine torsion of 360 degrees followed by correction of torsion 6 h later. Samples were obtained from the uterine horns on the day 1 postpartum. We used Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase 3 staining to measure apoptosis in the uterine tissues. The mRNA levels of Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinases 1 (ROCK1), homeobox D10 (Hox4 HoxD10), TLR4, NF kappa B1, caveolin 1 (Cav1) heat shock protein 90 alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 (Hsp90ab1) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR). Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase 3 were detected using immunohistochemistry. No difference was observed among groups with respect to abortion, neonatal mortality or congenital abnormalities. Compared to the control group, the mRNA levels of Rock1, Hox4, TLR4, NF kappa B1, Cav1 and Hsp90 genes were decreased significantly in the study groups; the decrease was greater in groups 3 and 4, which were treated with melatonin. The greatest amount of Bax staining was found in group 1 and the least amount of Bcl-2 staining was found in groups 4 and 5; the greatest amount of caspase 3 staining was found in group 2. Our findings indicate that melatonin reduced uterine torsion related tissue damage and that its application during torsion was more effective than application following removal of torsion.Öğe Examination of the effect of melatonin use before hysterosalpingography on ovarian follicle reserve in rats(7847050 Canada Inc, 2018) Yilmaz, E. S.; Sapmaz, T.; Kazgan, H.; Yildiz, S. Menziletoglu; Kocamaz, D.; Akpolat, N.; Sapmaz, E.Objective: To examine the effects of lipiodol, melatonin, and radiation used during hysterosalpingography (HSG) on rat ovarian follicle reserve. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 Wistar rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control group. The other groups, X-ray was applied (G2), 0.1 ml lipiodol was applied to each uterine horn (G3), 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin application was followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol administration to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G4), 20 mg/kg melatonin was administered to ligamentum suspensorium ovarii, followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol application to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G5), respectively. The rats in G2, G3, G4, and G5 were exposed three times to whole body radiation. Then, all rats were re-opened and left oophorectomy was performed. Left ovarian samples were fixed in formaldehyde. Primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles were counted in the preparations, and all were added to calculate the ovarian follicle reserve. Results: Primordial, primary, and ovarian follicle reserves were found significantly lower in G2, in comparison to other groups. Atretic follicle values were significantly higher in G2 compared to G3, and in G3 compared to the other groups. Regression of angiogenesis within corpus luteum was found significantly lower in G2, compared to G3, and in G3 compared to other groups. All values in G1, G4, and G5 were similar. Conclusion: Use of lipiodol and melatonin during HSG procedure prevents the negative effects of radiation on ovarian follicle reserve.Öğe Examination of the effect of melatonin use before hysterosalpingography on ovarian follicle reservein rats(I r o g canada, ınc, 4900 cote st-luc, apt#212, montreal, quebec h3w 2h3, canada, 2018) Yilmaz, E. S.; Sapmaz, T.; Kazgan, H; Yildiz, S. Menziletoglu; Kocamaz, D; Akpolat, N.; Sapmaz, E.Objective: To examine the effects of lipiodol, melatonin, and radiation used during hysterosalpingography (HSG) on rat ovarian follicle reserve. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 Wistar rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control group. The other groups, X-ray was applied (G2), 0.1 ml lipiodol was applied to each uterine horn (G3), 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin application was followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol administration to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G4), 20 mg/kg melatonin was administered to ligamentum suspensorium ovarii, followed by 0.1 ml lipiodol application to each uterine horn after 15 minutes (G5), respectively. The rats in G2, G3, G4, and G5 were exposed three times to whole body radiation. Then, all rats were re-opened and left oophorectomy was performed. Left ovarian samples were fixed in formaldehyde. Primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles were counted in the preparations, and all were added to calculate the ovarian follicle reserve. Results: Primordial, primary, and ovarian follicle reserves were found significantly lower in G2, in comparison to other groups. Atretic follicle values were significantly higher in G2 compared to G3, and in G3 compared to the other groups. Regression of angiogenesis within corpus luteum was found significantly lower in G2, compared to G3, and in G3 compared to other groups. All values in G1, G4, and G5 were similar. Conclusion: Use of lipiodol and melatonin during HSG procedure prevents the negative effects of radiation on ovarian follicle reserve. KeywordsÖğe Examination of the effect of melatonin use in Pomeroy method of tubal ligation on ovarian histology in rats(Imr Press, 2012) Altungul, A. C.; Kale, A.; Sapmaz, E.; Akpolat, N.Objective: To examine the effects of melatonin use in the unilateral Pomeroy method of tubal ligation on ovarian histology in rats. Setting: Firat University Medical School, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Elazig. Material and Method: Thirty adult, female rats of Wistar albino species with regular cycles were randomly allocated to three groups in the estrus phase: G1 (n: 10): The abdomen was opened and closed. G2 (n: 10): The group where the abdomen was opened, and the Pomeroy method of tubal ligation was performed. G3 (n: 10): The group where the abdomen was opened, and Pomeroy method of tubal ligation was performed 15 min after 10 mg/kg/ip melatonin administration. Abdomens of all rats were opened six months later and left oophorectomy was performed. Samples of the left ovary were fixed in formaldehyde. The preparations were stained with hematoxylin eosin, and primordial, primary, secondary and tertiary follicles were counted. All the numbers were added up to determine the ovarian follicle reserve. An atretic follicle count was made. The corpus luteum and corpus albicans were counted, and the number of total corpuses were calculated. Regression of angiogenesis within the corpus luteum was examined. Presence of fibrosis on ovarian stroma was examined. An ordinal scale was formed for the regression of angiogenesis within the corpus luteum and presence of fibrosis (none: 0p, present: 1p, markedly present: 2). Follicle cysts in the ovary were counted. Kruskal Wallis variance analysis was used in the statistical analysis of data; p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The comparison between G1 and G3 showed that all values were similar (p > 0.05, Kruskal Wallis variance analysis). When G2 was compared with G1 and G3, regression of angiogenesis in the corpus luteum was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test), while atretic follicle count and fibrosis were significantly higher in G2 (p < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test). Conclusion: The Pomeroy method of tubal ligation reduces regression of angiogenesis in the corpus luteum, and increases atretic follicles and fibrosis development. Melatonin use restores these harmful effects. Melatonin can be used to refrain from this negative effect of the Pomeroy method of tubal ligation on the ovary.Öğe Microbial chondroitin sulfate in experimental knee osteoarthritis model investigation of chondroprotective effect(Verduci Publisher, 2021) Sevimli, R.; Erenler, A. S.; Karabulut, A. B.; Akpolat, N.; Geckil, H.OBJECTIVE: Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a glycosaminoglycan with proven anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant properties. CS increases type II collagen and proteoglycan synthesis in human joint chondrocytes. CS can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and proteases to improve the anabolic/catabolic balance of the extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM). Due to these characteristics, it is a natural compound that is considered to be Symptomatic Slow-Acting Drugs for Osteoarthritis (SYSADOA). Microbial chondroitin sulfate (MCS) was produced from two different bacterial sources using biotechnological methods by our team. In this study, we aimed to apply microbially produced CS and bovine- derived commercial CS forms to rabbit knees with osteoarthritis experimentally and to evaluate the results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a cruciate ligament cutting model was applied to 40 New Zealand rabbits to induce experimental osteoarthritis. Four weeks after the surgical procedure, rabbits were divided into 4 groups as control, animal-derived MCS, E coli- derived MCS and PaJC-derived MCS group. The standard rabbit diet was fed to the control group, and the other groups were additionally fed 17 mg/kg/day CS/MCS for 12 weeks. The rabbits were sacrificed at the 12th week after surgery and the preparations obtained were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: As a result, it was observed that regeneration tissue was statistically significant in histopathological cartilage tissue compared to the control group of CS developed from different sources given to rabbits with osteoarthritis. It was determined that among the CS groups produced from different sources, the group with the highest chondroprotective effect was MCS originating from E.coli. CONCLUSIONS: This vegan product (MCS), which we obtained as a result of our study, was produced by our team from a microbial source. According to our analysis, it has the potential to be an effective alternative therapy agent in the treatment of osteoarthritis.Öğe Quercetin prevents docetaxel- induced testicular damage in rats(Wiley, 2015) Altintas, R.; Ciftci, O.; Aydin, M.; Akpolat, N.; Oguz, F.; Beytur, A.The protective effect of quercetin on docetaxel - an anticancer agent - induced testicular damage in rats was investigated. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: group 1 - control, carrier solutions were given; group 2 - quarcetin 20mgkg(-1)day(-1) was given orally; group 3 - docetaxel 5mgkg(-1) was given intraperitoneally as single dose; group 4 - docetaxel and quarcetin were given together. The histopathological changes; the specific biochemical markers, including antioxidants; and the sperm characteristics were evaluated. Docetaxel caused a significant increase in TBARS level and a significant decrease in SOD, GPX, CAT and GSH levels in the testicular tissues compared with the control group, whereas quercetin led to a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, which was caused by docetaxel, via reducing TBARS level and increasing the levels of SOD, CAT, GPX and GSH. In addition, after docetaxel administration, sperm motility, sperm concentration, testicular and epididymis weights were significantly decreased and abnormal sperm rate and histopathological changes were increased. However, these effects of docetaxel on sperm parameters, histological changes and the tissue weights were eliminated by quercetin treatment. Our results show that the administration of docetaxel induced the testicular damage (oxidative stress, testes tissue damage and sperm parameters), and quercetin prevented docetaxel-induced testicular damage in rats.
