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Öğe Antibacterial and mechanical properties of propolis added to glass ionomer cement(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2014) Hatunoglu, Erdem; Ozturk, Firat; Bilenler, Tugca; Aksakalli, Sertac; Simsek, NeslihanObjective: To investigate whether adding ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) might influence the antibacterial and mechanical (shear-peel band strength [SPBS]) properties of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) used in orthodontic band cementation. Materials and Methods: The cement was divided into four groups: one using the original composition and three with 10%, 25%, and 50% EEP added to the liquid and then manipulated. An antimicrobial assay, broth-dilution method was used to determine the antibacterial capacity of the GIC containing EEP. Eighty teeth were used for the mechanical assay, and an lnstron testing machine was used to evaluate the SPBS. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. Results: GIC with the addition of 25% and 50% EEP activated inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) growth, but this effect did not occur in the group to which 10% EEP was added or in the control GIC group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of SPBS (P > .05). Conclusions: The addition of EEP may increase antibacterial properties without negatively modifying the mechanical properties of conventional GIC.Öğe Assessment of Reliability of Three Different Computer-Assisted Analysis Programs(Aves Press Ltd, 2013) Toy, Ebubekir; Malkoc, Siddik; Altindis, Sedat; Aksakalli, SertacObjective: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of cephalometric analysis using 3 different digital analysis programs. Methods: For this study, a dry human skull with the entire mandible, maxilla, and teeth was used. Fifteen lateral and 15 posteroanterior cephalometric digital images were taken by rotating the skull from 08 to 6148 at 28 intervals to obtain different images. Two researchers located the landmarks on the digital images independently using 3 computer-assisted analysis programs, Dolphin Image Software (Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions), Quick Ceph Image (Quick Ceph Systems Inc), and Vistadent OC (GAC Int Inc). Following the first measurements (T1), all landmarks were relocated within a 2-week interval (T2) by each examiner. A paired and the independent Student t tests were used for intraexaminer and interexaminer measurements, and Pearson correlations were obtained. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to determine intraexaminer repeatability. Results: For the repeated measurements, mean differences were statistically insignificant, and high correlations for the repeated measurements were found, and the intraexaminer correlations were significant for each examiner (p <.001). When the interexaminer correlations of 3 analyses were compared, interexaminer correlations showed high consistency and the lowest Pearson r value was the same angular measurement (S ant-n-ss) (p <.001). ICC values demonstrated high intraexaminer repeatability. The highest value of ICC was the mandibular body length (go-me) for both examiners (p <.001). Conclusion: The 3 tested analysis programs may be accepted as reliable for clinical use.Öğe Long-Term Antibacterial Effects of Different Orthodontic Cements(Aves, 2011) Ozturk, Firat; Yalcin, Muhammet; Arslan, Ugur; Nalcaci, Ruhi; Aksakalli, SertacThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of different orthodontic cements using a direct contact test (DCT). Materials and Methods: The antibacterial properties of 6 orthodontic cements were evaluated with DCT. For the DCT, wells (n=8) of 96-microtiter plates were coated with the tested cements (Durelon, Ketac-Cem Radiopaque, GC Fuji Ortho Band LC Paste Pak, Meron, Ultra Band Lok, and 3M Unitek Multi Cure). A Streptococcus mutans suspension was placed on the surface of each specimen for 1 hour at 37 degrees C. Bacterial growth was monitored for 16 hours with a temperature-controlled microplate spectropho-tometer. The kinetics of the outgrowth in each well was recorded continuously at 650 nm every 30 minutes. Additional experiments were performed in which the tested materials were aged for 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison test. Results: The results of the DCT showed that, freshly mixed samples of 3M Multi Cure (P=0.02), GC Fuji Ortho (P=0.04), Meron (P=0.001), and Durelon (P=0.001) showed antibacterial activity. After aging for one week 3M Unitek Multi Cure (P=0.000), Durelon (P=0.03) still showed antibacterial activity. In the experiments with 1 month aged specimens, only Durelon (P=0.001) showed antibacterial activity. In the 3 months aged specimens, 3M Multi Cure (P=0.000), GC Fuji Ortho (P=0.001), and Durelon (P=0.001) showed antibacterial property. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, 3M Unitek Multi Cure, GC Fuji Ortho, and Durelon, showed antibacterial properties during study period.Öğe Physical properties of different orthodontic cements(Urban & Vogel, 2015) Aksakalli, Sertac; Malkoc, Meral Arslan; Corekci, Bayram; Malkoc, Siddik; Toy, EbubekirIntroduction. We evaluated the water absorption, solubility, and compressive strength of different cements and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs), namely AdhesorA (R), Ketac (TM) Cem, Ortho Band Paste LC (TM), Glass Ionomer Band Cement, and Transbond (TM) Plus. Our aims were to compare the mechanical and physical properties of the cements widely used in orthodontics and to define the most suitable cements in an oral environment in terms of those characteristics. Materials and methods. To assess compressive strength, the cements were subjected to compression tests done on a universal testing machine. To test water absorption and solubility, the weight changes in cement specimens were determined after immersion in distilled water for 1, 7, and 30 days. Results. Adhesor (R) and Ketac (TM) Cem presented significantly higher solubility values than other cements after water immersion for 1, 7, and 30 days (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Our results revealed that the traditional orthodontic cements have higher water solubility and water absorption values as well as lower compressive strength values than the RMGICs used in this study. Furthermore, Transbond (TM) Plus revealed the highest compressive strength, whereas AdhesorA (R) showed the lowest.Öğe Physical Properties of Different Orthodontic Composites(Aves Press Ltd, 2014) Ozturk, Firat; Malkoc, Meral Arslan; Corekci, Bayram; Aksakalli, Sertac; Malkoc, SiddikObjective: The aim of this study was to compare the water sorption, solubility, and compressive strength of 3 traditional orthodontic composites and 1 flowable composite after 1, 7, and 30 days of immersion in water. Materials and Method: The traditional orthodontic composites used in this study were ORTHO Bracket Paste (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA), Transbond XT (3M, Monrovia, CA, USA), and Light Bond (Reliance, Itasca, IL, USA). The flowable composite used was Tetric EvoFlow (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). The specimens were subjected to water sorption and solubility tests based on the ISO 4049 and ADA No. 8 requirements. Mechanical tests were performed with an Instron Universal Test Machine. Results: There were no significant differences in solubility among the 4 materials after 1 and 7 days (p > 0.05). Tetric EvoFlow had a lower compressive strength than the traditional orthodontic composites (p > 0.05) and exhibited significantly higher water sorption than the traditional orthodontic composites after immersing them in water for 1, 7, and 30 days (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results revealed that the flowable composite had higher solubility and water absorption but less compressive strength than the traditional orthodontic composite resins used in this study.Öğe Porcelain laminate veneer conditioning for orthodontic bonding: SEM-EDX analysis(Springer London Ltd, 2015) Aksakalli, Sertac; Ileri, Zehra; Yavuz, Tevfik; Malkoc, Meral Arslan; Ozturk, NilgunThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effects of different surface treatments and laser irradiation on the bond strength of brackets bonded to porcelain laminate veneer. Porcelain laminate veneer specimens were embedded in the centers of acrylic resin blocks. Thirty-nine teeth were used for shear bond strength testing and the remaining three (one tooth for each group) were used for evaluation of the debonded bracket interface. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups, each containing 13 specimens. The details of the groups are as follows: Group SB, sandblasting with alumina particles (50 mu m); Group HFA, 9.6 % hydrofluoric acid etching; Group ER, erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) irradiation (from 1 mm distance, 2 W, 10 Hz for 10 s). After conditioning, the upper central brackets were bonded to the porcelain surfaces. Porcelain laminate veneers were examined under stereomicroscope for adhesive remnant index and surface damage after debonding. The highest shear bond strength values were obtained with Group HFA (10.8 +/- 3.8 MPa) and Group ER (9.3 +/- 1.5 MPa), whereas Group SB revealed the lowest values. Scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis revealed that the silicon level in the porcelain decreased after debonding in all groups. The sandblasting method did not demonstrate any ideal bond strength values; however, the 9.6 % hydrofluoric acid etching and Er: YAG laser did. There were no significant differences among all groups in terms of laminate surface damages. The Er: YAG laser therefore can be selected for ideal bond strength and minimal damage to porcelain laminates.Öğe Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion (SARME) Treatment in a Severe Maxillary Constriction Patient: Case Report(Aves Press Ltd, 2011) Isman, Eren; Aksakalli, Sertac; Malkoc, SiddikThe purpose of this article was to apply surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion in an adult patient who had severe maxillary constriction followed by two maxillary canine impactions for gaining Class I canine-molar relationship and determine the changes before and after treatment. 18,5 years of age Caucasian female was referred to our clinic with the primary complaint of unaesthetic smile and anterior crowding. In model cast analysis, it has been determined that there was 5.1 mm space requirement in mandible and 12.3 mm in maxilla. Overjet was 6.8 mm, overbite was 2.2 mm. The treatment plan consisted of leveling and alignment of maxillary and mandibular teeth after the SARME. An acrylic cap expansion appliance was preferred. Class I canine-molar relationship at the end of the treatment was aimed. After the treatment the maxillary constriction has been eliminated and class I molar relationship was established on both sides. The radiographic evaluation revealed 3.9 mm nasal and 5.2 mm maxillary width widening. The smile esthetic was improved and the malpositions of the teeth were relieved. As a conclusion; SARME is a successful treatment modality for adult patients requiring palatal expansion.
