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Öğe Comment on: Eltrombopag for thrombocytopenia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children(Wiley, 2020) Akyay, Arzu; Oncul, Yurday[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The Difficult Differential Diagnosis for A Pediatric Patient with Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome; A Case Report and Literature Review(2022) Çelik Ateş, Dilvin; Akyay, Arzu; Haskoloğlu, Zehra Şule; Özgen, ÜnsalShwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by bone marrow dysfunction, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and skeletal abnormalities. Persistent or intermittent neutropenia caused by bone marrow hypoplasia is the most common hematological abnormality in SDS. It can be difficult to diagnose the disease that usually occurs in early childhood. SDS should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of neutropenic patients. If the signs of pancreatic insufficiency are not observed, the diagnosis may be missed. The article wanted to present a patient with pancreatic insufficiency and SDS with the biallelic mutation who presented with neutropenia in a newborn.Öğe Erythrocyte transfusion restored heart rate variability in children with thalassemia major(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Cakan, Pinar; Yildiz, Sedat; Akyay, Arzu; Oncul, YurdayThalassemia major (TM) is a severe transfusion-dependent anemia. Regular erytrocyte transfusion is required for the treatment of thalassemia patients. However, repeated transfusion may result in impairements in heart function. In this study, we aimed to investigate short-term effects of erythrocyte transfusion on autonomic control of heart in children with thalassemia major. For that purpose heart rate variability (HRV), which is a non-invasive method used to evaluate the effects of the autonomic nervous system on the heart rhythym, was measured before and after erythrocyte transfusion and compared to the healthy controls. Children diagnosed with TM (n = 17) and sex and age matched healthy children (HC, n = 30) were included in the study. HRV values of TM patients were measured 5 min before erythrocyte transfusion (BET, n = 17) and 5 min after erythrocyte transfusion (AET, n = 17). Parameters of time-domain and frequency-domain of HRV were evaluated in all participants. Heart rate (HR) was higher in the BET than AET (P = 0.002) but there was no difference between AET and HC groups (P > 0.05). HRV parameters were lower in BET than AET (P < 0.05) but there were no statistical difference between AET and HC (P> 0.05). The data suggest that, in thalassemia major patients, erythrocyte transfusion restores HR and HRV parameters to the levels observed in healthy controls and, thus, in short-terms, appears to be beneficial for the autonomic control of the heart.Öğe Hearing status in vitamin B12-deficient children(Wiley, 2021) Akyay, Arzu; Soylu, Erkan; Unsal, Selim; Demirol, Hatice; Bahceci, SemihaAim The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of vitamin B12 deficiency on hearing in school-aged children by pure-tone audiometry. Methods Forty-three vitamin B12-deficient children and 37 age-matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. Tympanometric evaluations and pure-tone audiometry including high frequencies were performed on the subjects. The results were compared between the two groups. Results Both right and left ear pure-tone hearing thresholds (PTHTs) at 0.25-4 kHz, and four-frequency pure-tone average values were significantly better in the control group compared with the patient group (P < 0.05). However, PTHTs at 8-16 kHz were not different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Vitamin B12 level also did not show any significant correlation with the PTHTs at 0.25-16 kHz (P > 0.05). Conclusion This study indicates that vitamin B12 deficiency may contribute to hearing impairment at low frequencies as a possible aetiological factor in children.Öğe Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activities and HRQOL of refugee or asylum seeker children in Turkiye: A multicenter study(Wiley, 2022) Gokcebay, Dilek Gurlek; Kupeli, Serhan; Gursel, Orhan; Bilir, Ozlem Arman; Akyay, Arzu; Pekpak, Esra; Akbayram, SinanBackground Refugee or asylum seekers (RAS) children are at increased risk of physical, developmental, and behavioral health issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and psychosocial outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in RAS children and compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) to those of Turkish peers. Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent HSCT aged 0-18 years and completed 100-day post-transplant. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale was used in children over 5 years old to compare HRQOL. Results A total of 166 RAS patients (M/F: 106 /60) underwent 174 HSCTs (six patients had two, and one had three HSCT) compared to 66 Turkish patients. The mean age of the patients in the RAS group was 7.8 +/- 4.9 years and similar to controls. A total of 124 patients (75%) were from Syria, and 49 (25%) were from other countries in the Middle East and Africa. The cause of migration was war in 121 (74%) RAS patients. Complications of HSCT were no different between the groups. However, the rate of neutropenic sepsis was significantly higher in the RAS group (p = 0.004). The total scores of HRQOL were not different between RAS and controls. In the RAS group, ratings of social functioning were lower in patients with consanguinity or non-malignant disease or who had match-related donors. Discussion Identifying areas of difficulty in subscales of HRQOL may help physicians to classify patients who need additional supportive care. Regular monitoring and supporting physical needs may result in better functional outcomes after HSCT.Öğe Hiperlökositoz(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2020) Akyay, Arzu; Kasapoğlu, Gül KaraaslanTanım • Periferik kanda lökosit sayısı > 100.000/mm3 • Lösemik blastlar ve endotel arasında anormal adezif reaksiyon, lökostaz, tromboz ve sekonder kanama görülebilen tabloÖğe İki pediatrik beta talasemi hastasında transfüzyon ilişkili immün hemolitik anemi(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2014) Akyay, Arzuβ-talasemi major hastaları yaşam boyu kan transfüzyonlarına ihtiyaç duyarlar. Ancak, bu hastalarda çoklu allojenik kan transfüzyonlarından dolayı eritrositlere karşı otoantikor ve alloantikor geliştirme riski artmıştır. Burada, son transfüzyonlarından kısa süre sonra otoimmün hemolitik anemi gelişen iki β-talasemi hastasının klinik özellikleri ve tedavi yaklaşımları sunulmuştur. Başlangıçta hastalar immünglobulin ve prednizolon tedavilerine iyi yanıt vermişken, kısa bir süre sonra ilk hastada otoimmün hemolitik anemi tekrarladı. Ancak takiplerinde kotikosteroid tedavisi ile bu hastanın da otoimmün hemolitik anemisi düzeldi. Sonuç olarak talasemi hastalarında allo ve otoantikor oluşumunu azaltmak için kan transfüzyonlarının Rh ve Kell uyumlu olarak yapılması ve eritrosit süspansiyonlarının depolanmadan önce filtrelenmesi önerilmektedir.Öğe İnfantil hemanjiomlu hastalarımızda propranolol tedavisinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2013) Akyay, ArzuAmaç: İnfantil hemanjiomlar (İH) infant döneminde en sık görülen iyi huylu vasküler tümörlerdir. Organ basısı, kanama, enfeksiyon, ülserasyon ve kozmetik sorunlar oluşturmayan İH’lı olgularda herhangi bir tedavi önerilmezken, sayılan problemleri olan hastalarda tümör boyutunda küçülmeyi sağlamak ve komplikasyonları ortadan kaldırmak amacıyla kortikosteroidler, propranolol, alfa-interferon, vinkristin, lazer cerrahi veya konvansiyonel cerrahi kullanılabilecek tedavi yöntemlerindendir. Çalışmamızda propranolol tedavisi alan İH’lı hastaların klinik yanıtlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, bir buçuk yıl içinde Çocuk Hematoloji Kliniğimize infantil hemanjiom nedeniyle başvuran, İH’nın fonksiyonel kısıtlanma, kanama veya kozmetik problem oluşturduğu 6 İH olgusu klinik bulguları ve propranolol tedavisine verdikleri yanıtlar açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaşları 2 ay-5 yaş arası 6 hasta (5 kız, 1 erkek) alındı. Kardiyolojik değerlendirmelerin ardından propranolol tedavisine, hastanede kan şekerleri, nabız ve tansiyon takipleri yapılarak, 0.5 mg/kg/gün dozundan başlandı. Yan etki yoksa 2. gün propranolol dozu 2 mg/kg/gün’e çıkarıldı ve izlem sonunda problemi olmayan hastalar üçüncü günün sabahında taburcu edildi. Hastalar başlangıçta haftalık, sonra 15 günde bir, daha sonra da ayda bir kontrole çağrılarak değerlendirildi. Bütün hastalarda ilk 2 ay içinde hemanjiom rengi ve kalınlığı açısından düzelmenin başladığı tespit edildi. Hiçbir hastada ciddi yan etki görülmedi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak propranolol, yan etkisinin az olması, iyi tolere edilmesi ve etkililiği ile İH tedavisinde ilk seçenek olarak güvenle kullanılabilir.Öğe İnfantil Hemanjiomlu Hastalarımızda Propranolol Tedavisinin Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2014) Akyay, ArzuAmaç: İnfantil hemanjiomlar (İH) infant döneminde en sık görülen iyi huylu vasküler tümörlerdir. Organ basısı, kanama, enfeksiyon, ülserasyon ve kozmetik sorunlar oluşturmayan İH’lı olgularda herhangi bir tedavi önerilmezken, sayılan problemleri olan hastalarda tümör boyutunda küçülmeyi sağlamak ve komplikasyonları ortadan kaldırmak amacıyla kortikosteroidler, propranolol, alfa-interferon, vinkristin, lazer cerrahi veya konvansiyonel cerrahi kullanılabilecek tedavi yöntemlerindendir. Çalışmamızda propranolol tedavisi alan İH’lı hastaların klinik yanıtlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, bir buçuk yıl içinde Çocuk Hematoloji Kliniğimize infantil hemanjiom nedeniyle başvuran, İH’nın fonksiyonel kısıtlanma, kanama veya kozmetik problem oluşturduğu 6 İH olgusu klinik bulguları ve propranolol tedavisine verdikleri yanıtlar açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaşları 2 ay-5 yaş arası 6 hasta (5 kız, 1 erkek) alındı. Kardiyolojik değerlendirmelerin ardından propranolol tedavisine, hastanede kan şekerleri, nabız ve tansiyon takipleri yapılarak, 0.5 mg/kg/gün dozundan başlandı. Yan etki yoksa 2. gün propranolol dozu 2 mg/kg/gün’e çıkarıldı ve izlem sonunda problemi olmayan hastalar üçüncü günün sabahında taburcu edildi. Hastalar başlangıçta haftalık, sonra 15 günde bir, daha sonra da ayda bir kontrole çağrılarak değerlendirildi. Bütün hastalarda ilk 2 ay içinde hemanjiom rengi ve kalınlığı açısından düzelmenin başladığı tespit edildi. Hiçbir hastada ciddi yan etki görülmedi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak propranolol, yan etkisinin az olması, iyi tolere edilmesi ve etkililiği ile İH tedavisinde ilk seçenek olarak güvenle kullanılabilir.Öğe Intensive chemotherapy perturbs heart rate variability in children with cancer(Elsevier France-Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2022) Cakan, Pinar; Yildiz, Sedat; Akyay, Arzu; Oncul, YurdayObjectives: In children, cancer chemotherapy may impair the functioning of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Moreover, it is not known whether there are any differences between intensive and maintenance phases of chemotherapy. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess autonomic nervous system activity using heart rate variability, in children receiving intensive or maintenance cancer chemotherapy. Methods: For that purpose, children who were healthy (healthy control, n = 30), receiving intensive chemotherapy (chemotherapy, n = 30), and receiving maintenance chemotherapy (maintenance, n = 25) were included in the study. Autonomic nervous system activity was measured by means of heart rate variability. Electrocardiogram recordings were used to calculate time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability parameters. Results: Time-domain parameters such as standard deviation of NN intervals and frequencydomain parameters such as total power were lower during the intensive chemotherapy but not during maintenance phase (standard deviation of NN intervals: 50 +/- 5, 33 +/- 3, and 48 +/- 3 ms, and total power: 2613 +/- 504, 1379 +/- 296 and 2295 +/- 264 ms2, respectively for healthy control, chemotherapy and maintenance groups, P<0.001 for both standard deviation of NN intervals and total Discussion: The present results indicate that intensive chemotherapy perturbs the function of heart rate variability in children, with recovery during the maintenance phase. This suggests that intensive chemotherapy is likely to affect the autonomic nervous system but this effect does not appear to be permanent. (c) 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.Öğe Metamizol ilişkili granulositopeni ve agranülositoz: 13 çocuğun değerlendirilmesi(İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2015) Akyay, Arzu; Deveci, UğurAmaç: Metamizol sodyum (Novalgin®) birçok ülkede yaygın olarak kullanılan etkili bir analjezik ve antipiretik ilaçtır. Yaygın kullanımına ve kolay elde edilebilirliğine rağmen agranülositoz ve aplastik anemi gibi ağır ve ölümcül olabilecek yan etkileri olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı metamizol kullanan çocuklarda metamizol ilişkili nötropeni ve agranülositoz sıklığını, ağırlığını, klinik önemini ve nötropeni ve agranülositozdan çıkma sürelerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metamizolle ilişkili 13 nötropeni ve agranülositoz vakası metamizol kullanım süresi, kümülatif dozu, nötropeniden çıkma süresi ve nötropeni ile ilişkili diğer komplikasyonlar açısından retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Metamizol kullanımı sonrası granülositopeni veya agranülositoz gelişen toplam 13 hasta tespit edildi. Ortanca metamizol kullanım süresi 4.64 (2-7) gün, ortanca günlük doz 40 (15.6-78) mg/kg, ortanca metamizol kümülatif dozu 219.4 (58.8-468) mg/kg, ortanca nötropeni süresi 9.4 (1-30) gün, ortanca mutlak nötrofil sayısı 690 (30-1300)/mm3 olarak tespit edildi. 4-7 gün 30 mg/kg/gün’den (≥ 217 mg/kg kümülatif doz) fazla metamizol kullanan dört hastada agranülositoz geliştiği ve bütün hastaların metamizol kesildikten sonra tam olarak düzeldikleri tespit edildi. En kısa granulositopeniden çıkma süresi 2 gün, en uzun süre ise 30 gündü. Sonuç: Klinisyenler metamizolün toksik etkilerinden haberdar olmalı ve metamizolü ilk sıra antipiretik ajan olarak tercih etmemelidirler. Özellikle uzun süreli ve yüksek dozlarda kullanımında nötropeni ve agranülositoz gelişebileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.Öğe Metamizole Related Granulocytopenia and Agranulocytosis: An Analysis of 13 Children(2015) Akyay, Arzu; Deveci, UğurAbstract:Amaç: Metamizol sodyum (Novalgin®) birçok ülkede yaygın olarak kullanılan etkili bir analjezik ve antipiretik ilaçtır. Yaygın kullanımına ve kolay elde edilebilirliğine rağmen agranülositoz ve aplastik anemi gibi ağır ve ölümcül olabilecek yan etkileri olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı metamizol kullanan çocuklarda metamizol ilişkili nötropeni ve agranülositoz sıklığını, ağırlığını, klinik önemini ve nötropeni ve agranülositozdan çıkma sürelerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metamizolle ilişkili 13 nötropeni ve agranülositoz vakası metamizol kullanım süresi, kümülatif dozu, nötropeniden çıkma süresi ve nötropeni ile ilişkili diğer komplikasyonlar açısından retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Metamizol kullanımı sonrası granülositopeni veya agranülositoz gelişen toplam 13 hasta tespit edildi. Ortanca metamizol kullanım süresi 4.64 (2-7) gün, ortanca günlük doz 40 (15.6-78) mg/kg, ortanca metamizol kümülatif dozu 219.4 (58.8-468) mg/kg, ortanca nötropeni süresi 9.4 (1-30) gün, ortanca mutlak nötrofil sayısı 690 (30-1300)/mm3 olarak tespit edildi. 4-7 gün 30 mg/kg/günden (≥ 217 mg/kg kümülatif doz) fazla metamizol kullanan dört hastada agranülositoz geliştiği ve bütün hastaların metamizol kesildikten sonra tam olarak düzeldikleri tespit edildi. En kısa granulositopeniden çıkma süresi 2 gün, en uzun süre ise 30 gündü. Sonuç: Klinisyenler metamizolün toksik etkilerinden haberdar olmalı ve metamizolü ilk sıra antipiretik ajan olarak tercih etmemelidirler. Özellikle uzun süreli ve yüksek dozlarda kullanımında nötropeni ve agranülositoz gelişebileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.Öğe A Novel Mutation in a Patient with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome(2020) Öncül, Yurday; Akyay, Arzu; Tekedereli, İbrahimA Novel Mutation in a Patient with Wiskott-Aldrich SyndromeÖğe Ortopedik Semptomlarla Başvuran İki Nöroblastom Olgusu(2019) Özbey, Mehmet Yavuz; Akyay, Arzu; Akdulum, İsmailÖz: Nöroblastom sempatik sinir sisteminin ilkel nöroblastik hücrelerinden köken alan çocukluk çağı kanserlerinden biridir.Hastalar tümör lokalizasyonu ve metastazların varlığına göre çok çeşitli klinik semptomlarla başvurabilirler. Abdominal kitle,lokalize sırt ağrısı, alt ekstremitelerde güçsüzlük ve atrofi, parapleji, yürüme sorunları, mesane ve anal sfinkter disfonksiyonu,aksama, orbital-periorbital tutulum (rakun gözü), ekzoftalmus, pitozis, dispne, disfaji, lenfatik kompresyon, superior venakava sendromu, Horner sendromu bunlardan bazılarıdır. Yazıda, alt ekstremite ağrıları ve aksama şikayetleri ile başvuran vedaha sonra nöroblastom tanısı alan iki olgu sunulmuştur.Öğe A Rare Malignancy in an Adolescent: Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor(2021) Güleç, Mert Doğan; Sigirci, Ahmet; Akyay, Arzu; Uğuralp, Sema; Güvenç, Merve NurDesmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a very rare condition. The peritoneal cavity is most frequently involved. Ab- dominopelvic computed tomography findings include omental or serosal masses, a dominant tumor, tumor calcification, liver metastasis, ab- dominal lymphadenopathies, acid and intestinal obstruction. A complete surgical resection including systemic implants, systemicchemotherapy and radiotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation can be used in the treatment of the disease. Since this tumor is very rare, we could only find case reports or a few large numbered patient series in the literature. Here in this case report, we aim to discuss the imaging findings of an adolescent patient at the time of admission.Öğe The relationship between the care burden and quality of life of parents who have children with hematological problems and their perceived social support(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Yildirim, Maksude; Yayan, Emriye Hilal; Dag, Yeliz Suna; Sulun, Ayse; Akyay, ArzuPurpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationship of the caregiver burden, perceived social support, and quality of life of parents who have children with hematological problems. Design and methods: The design and methods included a descriptive study with 141 parents of children with hematological problems. The introductory information form, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), and the EUROHIS-QOL.8 (WHOQOL-8) scale were used as data collection tools. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation models. Results: As a result of the conducted correlation analysis, it was determined that there was a positive correlation between parents' perceptions of social support and their quality of life, and a negative correlation between their perceptions of social support and the caregiver burden (p < 0.05). As a result of the structural equation model, it was determined that the social support received by the parents had a significant effect on their caregiver burden (beta = -0.40; p < 0.05), and their quality of life (beta = 0.42; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The conclusion formed was that it can be said that parents' perceptions of social support affect their caregiver burden and quality of life. Parents with high perceptions of social support perceive the burden of caregiver to be low and their quality of life to be high. Practice implications: The practice implications are that healthcare professionals can contribute to reducing the caregiver burden and improving the quality of life of parents, by strengthening the social support systems of parents with sick children. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.Öğe Results of multicenter registry for patients with inherited factor VII deficiency in Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Akdeniz, Aydan; Unuvar, Aysegul; Ar, Muhlis Cem; Pekpak, Esra; Akyay, Arzu; Mehtap, Ozgur; Karadag, Fatma KeklikIntroduction: Inherited factor VII (FVII) deficiency (FVIID) is the most common of inherited rare bleeding disorders. Other determinants of clinical severity apart from FVII level (FVIIL) include genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to identify the cut-off FVIILs for general and severe bleedings in patients with FVIID by using an online national registry system including clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics of patients. Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of patients with FVIID extracted from the national database, constituted by the Turkish Society of Hematology, were examined. Bleeding phenotypes, general characteristics, and laboratory features were assessed in terms of FVIILs. Bleeding rates and prophylaxis during special procedures/interventions were also recorded. Results: Data from 197 patients showed that 46.2% of patients had FVIIL< 10%. Most bleeds were of mucosal origin (67.7%), and severe bleeds tended to occur in younger patients (median age: 15 (IQR:6-29)). Cut-off FVIILs for all and severe bleeds were 16.5% and 7.5%, respectively. The major reason for long-term prophylaxis was observed as central nervous system bleeding (80%). Conclusion: Our data are consistent with most of the published literature in terms of cut-off FVIIL for bleeding, as well as reasons for prophylaxis, showing both an increased severity of bleeding and younger age at diagnosis with decreasing FVIIL. However, in order to offer a classification similar to that in Hemophilia A or B, data of a larger cohort with information about environmental and genetic factors are required.Öğe The Second and Third Hemoglobin Kansas Cases in the Turkish Population(Galenos Yayincilik, 2017) Tanriverdi, Zeynep Kayra; Akyay, Arzu; Sen, Askin; Taskapan, Cagatay; Ozgen, Unsal[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Secondary Bone-Marrow Fibrosis in Children(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Akyay, Arzu[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Thromboembolism in Children(Springer India, 2023) Oncul, Yurday; Akyay, Arzu; Ozgen, UnsalObjectiveTo study pediatric patients who were diagnosed with thrombosis between January 2009 and March 2020.MethodsPatients were evaluated with respect to thrombophilic risk factors, localization of the thrombus, response to treatment, and recurrence rates during the last 11 y.ResultsAmong 84 patients, 59 (70%) had venous thrombosis and 20 (24%) had arterial thrombosis. The number of documented thrombosis amongst hospitalized children in authors' hospital has increased over the years. It has been observed that the annual incidence of thromboembolism has increased after 2014. Thirteen patients were recorded between 2009 and 2014 and 71 patients between 2015 and 2020 (until March 2020). Exact thrombosis localization could not be detected in 5 patients. The median age of patients was 8 +/- 5.95 (range 0-18). Fourteen children (16.9%) had a history of familial thrombosis. Genetic and/or acquired risk factors were detected in 81 (96.4%) of the patients. Overall, 64 patients (76.1%) had acquired risk factors such as infection (20.2%), catheterization (13.1%), liver disease (11.9%), mastoiditis (8.3%), liver transplantation (6%), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (4.8%), dehydration (3.6%), trauma (3.6%) and cancer (2.4%). As genetic risk factors, the most common genetic mutations were PAI-1 4G>5G, MTHFR C677T, and MTHFR A1298C mutations. Twenty-eight (41.2%) patients had at least one genetic thrombophilic mutation. At least one homozygous mutation in 37 patients (44%) and at least one heterozygous mutation in 55 patients (65.4%) were detected.ConclusionsThe annual incidence of thrombosis has increased over the years. Genetic predisposition and acquired risk factors play an important role in etiology, treatment, and follow-up in children with thromboembolism. Especially, genetic predisposition is common. Thrombophilic risk factors should be investigated and optimal therapeutic and prophylactic measures should be promptly taken in children with thrombosis.
