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Öğe A comparative melissopalynological study of royal jelly from Turkey(Taylor & Francis As, 2022) Yil, Gulsah; Karlidag, Semiramis; Akyol, Abuzer; Koseman, Abdurrahman; Yilmaztekin, Murat; Erdogan, Selim; Seker, IbrahimThree treatments (Glucose, Sucrose, Bee Feed Syrup) were used to examine the influence of supplementary feeding on the pollen spectrum of the royal jelly produced by Apis mellifera L. colonies. Apis mellifera colonies were located in the Battalgazi and Dogansehir districts of Malatya province in Turkey. In total 255 royal jelly samples were investigated and the analysis recorded over 30 taxa. In both sites the control group heavily utilised Quercus, Verbascum, Astragalus, and Lamiaceae. The feeding treatments saw Quercus, Verbascum, and Astragalus still being used but in different proportions. The utilisation of Lamiaceae was much reduced and Echium became an important component in colonies that had supplementary feeding.Öğe DOĞAL VE FERMENTE POLENİN BİYOKİMYASAL KARAKTERİZASYONU(2021) Karlıdağ, Semiramis; Akyol, Abuzer; Keskin, Merve; Keskin, Şaban; Özkök, Aslı; Karabulut, Ercan; Yılmaz, İsmetTaze arı poleni ve arı ekmeği (Perga), zengin besin içeriği nedeniyle iki önemli arı ürünüdür. Arı ekmeği, nektar ve arı salgılarıyla karıştırılan ve petek gözlerine depolanan taze polenin bir formudur. Yani arı ekmeği, doğal fermente edilmiş bir kovan ürünüdür. Tuzaklar yardımıyla çok yüksek miktarlarda taze polen toplanabilir, ancak arı ekmeği taze arı poleni kadar üretilemez. Bu nedenle arı ekmeğinin apiterapide kullanımı sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, probiyotik özellikleri olduğu bilinen ticari mikroorganizmalar kullanılarak üretilen arı poleni örnekleri laboratuvarda fermente edilmiştir. Taze ve fermente edilmiş arı poleninin biyokimyasal özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Taze ve fermente edilmiş arı poleni için, sırasıyla; toplam fenolik içeriği 4.43±0.03 mg GAE/g ve 6.12±0.07 mg GAE/g, demir indirgeme kapasitesi 64.14±0.18 ve 72.03±0.15 µmol FeSO4.7H2O/g numune, DPPH radikal süpürme aktivitesi 9.30±0.03 ve 6.47±0.04 mg/mL, toplam protein miktarı %21.16±0.2 ve %18.70±0.3 olarak bulundu. Elde edilen verilerden fermente arı poleninin, polene göre daha yüksek toplam fenolik içeriğe ve antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Bulgulara göre taze arı poleni probiyotikler kullanılarak optimum koşullarda fermente edilebilmekte ve doğal arı ekmeğine alternatif olma potansiyeline sahiptir.Öğe Effects of sugar type and regional variation on the biochemical composition of royal jelly (Apis mellifera L.)(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Karlidag, Semiramis; Basgel, Serkan; Maras, Zeynep; Uyumlu, Ayse Burcin; Demir, Nurullah; Ugur, Yilmaz; Akyol, AbuzerRoyal jelly, owing to its rich biochemical composition, is widely used in apitherapy and human nutrition. To enhance its production, honeybee colonies are often supplemented with industrial carbohydrate sources. This study aimed to investigate how different locations (Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir and Uluk & ouml;y) and carbohydrate types influence the biochemical composition of royal jelly, including sugar content, enzymatic activity, and phenolic compounds. The results revealed that both location and carbohydrate source significantly affected the biochemical profile of the samples. The Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir-glucose-fed group exhibited the highest 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-HAD) content (2.77%, w/w; p < 0.001), whereas the Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir-control group had the lowest (1.41%, w/w; p < 0.001). Environmental conditions in Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir appeared to promote 10-HDA production, and glucose feeding proved to be an effective strategy for optimizing it. Although glucose, fructose, and sucrose levels were similar between locations, maltose content differed significantly. The highest glucose ratios were detected in the Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir bee-feed group (3.82%) and the Uluk & ouml;y bee-feed group (3.57%). Invertase activity (4.51 +/- 1.34 U/mL) and catalase activity (21.78 +/- 0.80 U/mL) were highest in glucose-fed bees, whereas these parameters were lowest in the sucrose-fed group (0.72 +/- 0.16 and 11.25 +/- 2.66 U/mL, respectively; p < 0.01). Glucose feeding markedly increased the levels of invertase, catalase, total protein, amino acids, proline, and 10-HDA in royal jelly (p < 0.01). In conclusion, both environmental factors and carbohydrate-based feeding exert significant effects on the biochemical composition of royal jelly.Öğe POLLEN AND FUNGAL SPORE COMPOSITION VARIATIONS OF HONEYS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT FEEDING METHODS(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2023) Yil, Gulsah; Karlidag, Semiramis; Akyol, Abuzer; Koseman, Abdurrahman; Uyumlu, Ayse Burcin; Yilmaztekin, Murat; Erdogan, SelimHoney samples were collected from two districts of Malatya (Eastern Turkey) Battalgazi and Dogansehir for melissopalynological analysis after the honey season in 2018. The survey was conducted to 3 different feeding groups, Glucose, Sucrose, Bee Feed and a Control group in each study area. The samples were prepared according to Louveaux et al., (1978) procedure. Melissopalynological examinations were done to determine both pollen grains and fungal spores for each feeding group and districts. According to the microscopic analyses the dominant pollen types were determined as Astragalus, Cistus, Poaceae, Verbascum, Echium, Berberis, Artemisia, Plantago, Vicia, Onobrychis, Cichorioideae, Astragalus pollen grains were most frequent in glucose and control groups, Cistus pollen grains were widely represented in sucrose and bee feed groups in both study area. Dominant fungal spore types were determined as Aspergillus / Penicillium, Urediniospores, Cladosporium and Myrotechium. Aspergillus / Penicillium spores were dominated almost all samples by varying degrees. Analysis of pollen grains and fungal spores is useful instrument for determining the botanical, geographical and ecological sources of honey. This paper could be guide to beekeepers for selecting convenient apiary domains and appropriate feeding methods for qualitative honeys and the study is also help agriculturists for increasing the crop yield, the bees could be diverting to less-preferred plants during forages by sugar manipulation in order to cultivation improving.Öğe Volatile organic compounds of royal jellies obtained from honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies fed with different industrial sugars at different locations(Springer, 2025) Seker, Ibrahim; Karlidag, Semiramis; Akyol, Abuzer; Yil, Gulsah; Koseman, Abdurrahman; Uyumlu, Ayse Burcin; Erdogan, SelimThe aim of this study was to reveal differences in the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of royal jellies (RJs) produced by honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies fed with 3 different industrial sugars at 2 different locations. VOCs in the RJ samples were extracted via headspace-solid phase micro-extraction and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In total, 46 compounds, including 3 esters, 14 alcohols, 5 acids, 1 aldehyde, 14 ketones, 3 lactones, 2 terpenes and 4 other compounds, were identified in the RJ samples obtained from honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies reared in Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir. A total of 45 compounds, including 3 esters, 14 alcohols, 5 acids, 1 aldehyde, 14 ketones, 4 lactones, 2 terpenes and 2 other compounds, were detected in the RJ samples obtained from honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies reared in the Uluk & ouml;y location. It has been determined that different locations and different feeding conditions significantly affect the composition and amounts of volatile organic compounds in royal jelly.
