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    Aim: Pilonidal disease is a chronic inflammatory process. From time to time poor cosmetic results can be obtained after surgery. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of cosmetic results and the satisfaction level of the cases in patients who underwent surgery with different surgical techniques due to pilonidal disease. Material and Methods: The information about study was given to cases, which were operated due to pilonidal disease between January 2014 and December 2014 and could be contacted by phone. The questionnaire was applied to 125 cases who agreed to participate in the study. Cases were divided into two groups as primary excision with midline closure applied group and other surgical techniques applied group. The questions about the postoperative results were asked to the cases. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of pain duration, painless sitting-walking times, time to return to daily life, complications, reoperation rates and patient satisfaction of surgical scar. It was detected that there was more recurrence in the primary excision group and the results were statistically significant (p = 0.038). In the both groups, it was found that there is no statistically significant difference in the satisfaction questionnaire on surgical scar. (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The surgical scar can cause significant cosmetic problems in surgery treatment of pilonidal disease. Poor cosmetic results on cases may sometimes be more important. The results of this study showed that patients care more about the functional outcomes of treatment than the cosmetic results.
    (2019) Kızılay, Fatma; Toy, Seyma; Akyol, Betul; Ersoy, Yuksel
    Aim: Stroke is basically classified as hemorrhagic and ischemic etiologically. Stroke type can be a factor influencing recovery and evidence is insufficient on this issue. Therefore, the purpose of study is to compare motor and functional recovery in terms of stroke type. Material and Methods: 20 patients with stroke between 30 and 65 years of age participated in the study voluntarily. The volunteers were grouped according to the stroke type as ischemic (n=10) or hemorrhagic (n=10). Disability levels of patients determined using Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The patients were compared with isokinetic knee strength, static-dynamic balance test, and 6-minutes walking test according to stroke type. Results: According to isokinetic strength test results, no statistically significant difference was found between groups in the parameters of hemiplegic side knee extension peak torque, knee flexion peak torque, values obtained in the flexion and extension phases of the average power, total work in the flexion phase and extension phase of the movement and hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) muscle groups strength ratio (p>0.05). According to the data of balance test and 6-minute walk test, no statistically significant difference was found between groups in the parameters of balance indexes and test completion time and 6 minute-long walk distance (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that a stroke’s being ischemic or hemorrhagic did not create a difference in the recovery of motor function such as strength, balance, and walking. The fact that there are contradictory results and that there is no consensus shows that more studies are required in literature.
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    Associations Between Pulmonary Function and Muscle Strength in Turkish National Karate Athletes
    (Mdpi, 2025) Tokgoz, Gurkan; Cinarli, Sena; Akyol, Betul; Aygoren, Caner; Beykumul, Aysegul; Larsen, Malte Nejst; Krustrup, Peter
    Background: Respiratory efficiency is considered important in karate due to its role in sustaining muscular performance during high-intensity actions. This study examined the association between pulmonary function and isometric muscle strength in national-level karate athletes. Methods: A total of 23 elite karate athletes (mean age: 23.0 +/- 2.3 (mean +/- SD) years) participated in the study. Pulmonary function was assessed using a digital spirometer, while isometric handgrip, lower back, and leg strength were measured using a dynamometer. The correlation between pulmonary function and isometric strength was analyzed, and linear regression was employed to examine the predictive capacity of pulmonary parameters for muscle strength. Results: The results revealed significant correlations, ranging from large to very large, between pulmonary function and isometric muscle strength, with correlation coefficients from 0.639 to 0.812 (p < 0.01). Pulmonary function was strongly associated with isometric strength, accounting for 27% to 67% of the variance (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that pulmonary function parameters accounted for 71% of the variance in handgrip strength, 47% in leg strength, and 71% in back strength (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings highlight the strong associations between pulmonary function and isometric muscle strength in elite karate athletes. The results emphasize the importance of pulmonary health and respiratory muscle function in athletic performance, particularly for sports requiring high-intensity, dynamic movements like karate. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying the association and potential implications, and for training and performance optimization.
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    Can malnutrition predict mortality in heart failure with low ejection fraction? Implications for multidisciplinary care
    (Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2026) Calisgan, Elisa; Ozturk, Bayram; Akyol, Betul; Gocer, Kemal
    Objective: To evaluate malnutrition's predictive potential and significance with respect to overall mortality related to heart failure with low ejection fraction. Method: The cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted from June to August 2022 at the Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University and the Osmaniye Duzici State Hospital, Turkiye, and comprised heart failure patients with low ejection fraction. Malnutrition status was evaluated using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria.The patients were divided into malnutrition group Aand healthy group B. Prognostic nutritional index and controlling nutritional status scores were calculated and compared. All the patients were followed up either through telephone or clinic visits for up to one year. The number of hospitalisations and length of hospital stay within a year were recorded and compared. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 216 patients with mean age 67.10 +/- 5.59 years, 110(50.9%) were males and 106(49.1%) were females. There were 57(26.4%) subjects in group A and 159(73.6%) in group B. Malnutrition, length of hospital stay and increased neutrophils were independent predictors of death (p<0.05). Conclusion: Malnutrition was found to be common among heart failure outpatients, and could significantly help identify those at increased mortality risk.
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    The comparison of radiologic measurements of the hip parameters between girls and boys
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2022) Calisgan, Elisa; Akyol, Betul; Sevimli, Resit; Turan, Caner Cengiz
    Aim: This study aimed to compare the radiologic measurement of hip parameters between girls and boys aged 3,5 to 4 years. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 112 healthy children (n:57 girls, n: 55 boys) aged 3,5 to 4 years who required radiological images due to examination. Radiological images from Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedia were used in the study. The measurements taken from the children were right and left femur head ossification, acetabular index and femur inclination angle. Results: In girls, median right femur head ossification was 16.80 mm, median left femur head ossification was 15.30 mm, median right acetabular index was 24.10(0), median left acetabular index was 23.80(0), median right femur inclination angle was 147.40(0), median left femur inclination angle was 147.50 degrees. In boys, median right femur head ossification was 18.40 mm, median left femur head ossification was 19.50 mm, the median right acetabular index was 17.40 degrees, the median left acetabular index was 17.50 degrees, median right femur inclination angle was 147.50 degrees, and median left femur inclination angle was 148.70 degrees. Discussion: A statistically significant difference was found between girls and boys regarding right and left femur head ossification and acetabular index. This contributes to the determination of gender differentiation, gold standard values of hip parameters for diagnosis, evaluation and prognosis of hip diseases in children aged 3,5 to 4 years.
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    Current concepts in physiotherapy and rehabilitation protocol for arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: An unusual case report
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2021) Calisgan, Elisa; Akyol, Betul
    Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a non-progressive syndrome characterized by multiple congenital joint contractures. This case is a six-year-old child with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita who presented at Inonu University Orthopedic Clinic with complaints of weakness and atrophy of m. flexor and extensor carpi radialis and ulnaris, m.flexor and extensor digitorum superficialis, biceps, triceps muscles in the bilateral arms. The tendon transfer was performed in the attachment of the triceps muscle due to the absence of brachialis. This case report presents information on differential diagnosis, detailed symptoms, and physical therapy management of a six-year-old patient with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. An early approach to physical therapy decreases complications such as flexor contracture of the wrist and elbow, muscle weakness and atrophy following arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. Physical therapy interventions can improve rigid contracture and muscle atrophy and prolong the need for surgical operation in childhood.
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    Integrated treatment for camptocormia, parkinson's disease and bruxism: A case report
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2024) Calisgan, Elisa; Akyol, Betul; Frange, Cristina
    One of the most common symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) is abnormal posture. Camptocormia, which is rarely observed in patients with PD described the extreme forward-bending trunk position known as bent spine syndrome, a condition in which the trunk flexes abnormally when standing or walking but disappears in the supine position. This clinical case includes a 73 year-old male patient diagnosed with PD and sleep bruxism bruxism, presenting Camptocormia, symptoms of tremor, back pain, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability, limited mouth opening, decreased facial expression, and fatigue. Width of the mouth opening, mobility, functionality, range of motion, fatigue severity, language, speech and swallowing functions, and quality of life were evaluated before and after treatment. In this study, a detailed evaluation of the patient and a physiotherapeutic treatment protocol were created and performed along with pharmacological treatment focused on diminishing pain, improving mouth opening, swallowing functions and the tone of facial muscles, decreasing tone of abdominal muscles and stretching abdominal fascia, strengthening of the back extensor muscles and core muscles, and improving balance.
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    The reliability and validity of the balance tests in hearing-impaired athletes
    (Springer London Ltd, 2024) Unal, Nazli Nehir; Akyol, Betul; Balkan, Ayla Fil
    BackgroundIt is known that balance is affected in hearing-impaired athletes and its effects on performance. However, studies on the reliability and validity of scales evaluating balance are insufficient.AimTo analyze and demonstrate the effectiveness of various clinical tests using assessment balance for hearing-impaired athletes.MethodThe study included 60 elite athletes (aged between 18 and 25) with (n = 30) and without (n = 30) hearing impairment. The static balance was evaluated with the Flamingo Test (FT) and the dynamic balance with the Functional Reach Test (FRT), Four-Step Square Test (FSST), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), and Y Balance Test (YBT). All balance tests were repeated at 1-week intervals. Test-retest reliability, known-group validity, and predictive validity of the scales were investigated.ResultAll balancing tests demonstrated strong test-retest reliability. FT and FSST had known-group and predictive validity. While FRT and the components of both YBT and SEBT involving anterior reaching were not valid tests for hearing-impaired individuals, YBT and SEBT had validity considering the composite score and other components.ConclusionIt was revealed that the balance of hearing-impaired athletes was comparable to the balance of healthy athletes in test conditions in which visual information could be used effectively. For this reason, it is important to consider the visual information factor when evaluating the balance of hearing-impaired athletes. Additionally, taking into account time and tiredness, FT for static balance and FSST for dynamic balance may be helpful to evaluate hearing-impaired athletes.
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    Reliability and validity of the community balance and mobility scale in individuals with multiple sclerosis
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Ozbas, Ezgi; Balkan, Ayla Fil; Salci, Yeliz; Akyol, Betul; Ozen, Nazire Pinar Acar; Tuncer, Meryem Asli
    Aims This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods A total of 65 PwMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) <= 5.5) were included in the study. Test-retest, internal consistency (item-total score correlation, Cronbach's alpha coefficient) intra-rater, and inter-rater reliability were investigated for the reliability of the CB&M. For intra-rater and inter-rater reliability, CB&M measurements of 34 PwMS were videotaped. The validity of the CB&M was assessed through criterion (predictive and concurrent validity) and construct validity. Construct validity was evaluated using hypothesis testing which included examining correlations with EDSS, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Results Test-retest reliability demonstrated a good to excellent correlation (ICC = 0.995, p < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha was 0.971 (p < 0.001). Intra-rater (ICC = 0.993, p < 0.001) and inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.986, p < 0.001) of the CB&M were also good to excellent. Cohen's kappa range values of the scale vary between 0.958 - 0.665, and the percentage agreement varies between 97% and 75%. For the convergent validity of CB&M, strong correlations were observed with EDSS (r=-0.831, p < 0.001), TUG (r=-0.854, p < 0.001), and DGI (r = 0.865, p < 0.001). Additionally, the CB&M demonstrated an excellent correlation with the BBS (r = 0.907, p < 0.001). The scale exhibited no floor-ceiling effect. Conclusion CB&M is a reliable and valid tool for assessing balance and mobility in PwMS and offers significant advantages for evaluating balance in PwMS, as it provides comprehensive information about the balance and mobility requirements essential for community living.