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Öğe Caffeic acid phenethyl ester CAPE attenuates cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoidal haemorrhage by increasing brain nitric oxide levels(International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2006) Aladağ, Mehmet Arif; Türköz, Yusuf; Özcan, Abdulcemal; Şahna, Engin; Parlakpınar, Hakan; Akpolat, Nusret; Çiğremiş, YılmazBackground: Cerebral vasospasm, a medical complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, even after the aneurysm has been secured surgically or endovascularly. Evidence accumulated during the last decade suggest that scavenging a vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO), by superoxide anions (O2 ), and activating a strong vasoconstructor, protein kinase C (PKC), are the two most important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of vasospasm. Our aim in this study was to determine whether caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a non-toxic oxygen free radical scavenger, prevents vasospasm in an experimental rat model of SAH. Methods: Twenty eight rats (225–250 g) were divided into four groups equally: group 1, control group; group 2, SAH group; group 3, SAH plus placebo group; and group 4, SAH plus CAPE group. We used double haemorrhage method for SAH groups. Starting 6 h after SAH, 10 mmol/kg CAPE or an equal volume of 0.9% saline were administered by intraperitoneal injection twice daily for 5 days to SAH plus CAPE and SAH plus placebo groups, respectively. CAPE or 0.9% saline injections were continued up to 5th day after SAH. Rats were sacrificed on the 5th day. Brain sections at the level of the pons were examined by light microscopy. Measurements were made for the cross-sectional areas of the lumen and the vessel wall (intimae plus media) of basilar artery by a micrometer. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in rat brain tissue. Results: Administration of CAPE significantly attenuated the vasoconstriction of the basilar artery. There were marked narrowing in the lumens of and thickening in the walls of basilar arteries in the SAH, and the SAH plus placebo compared with CAPE group ( p < 0.001). We also observed that CAPE administration significantly decreased the tissue level of MDA, while significantly increased the tissue levels of GSH, NO in the SAH plus CAPE group compared to only SAH group, p < 0.05. Conclusions: Our results indicate that CAPE is effective in attenuating delayed cerebral vasoconstriction following experimental SAH. Our findings also suggest that the elevation of lipid peroxidation and reduction of NO bioavailability, resulting from the generation and the interaction of free radicals, have a significant role in the pathogenesis of vasospasm after SAH.Öğe Clinical analysis of cerebral abscesses(Zent Bl Neurochir, 1988) Aydın, İsmail Hakkı; Aladağ, Mehmet Arif; Kadıoğlu, Hakan Hadi; Önder, Arif42 patients with cerebral abscesses were treated from 1979 until the end of the first six months of 1987 at the Neurosurgical Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey. The present study aims at studying these patients to determine the factors affecting on prognosis. The patients were studied for the duration of complaints, pre-operational condition, the location of the abscesses, the microorganisms responsible for them, and the techniques of operation applied, by taking their sex and age into consideration. All of the cases were treated operatively. Of these, 18 were treated by excision and 24 were applied drainage, whose percentage was 43 and 57 respectively, 85% of the cases were under 60 years of age. The rate of mortality of the cases with cerebral abscesses was 19%. This rate was between 15% and 37.5% in the cases of several age groups whose complaints lasted less than two months. This rate reached 100% with a sudden increase in the cases who had a duration of complaints over four months. The rate of mortality was 6.2% in the cases with a clear conscious and cooperative ability while it had a significant increase in the patients in pre-coma or coma to go up to 50% and 75% respectively. No correlation was observed between the rate of mortality and the age of the patients but the location and extension of the abscesses had an effect on this rate. The abscesses, covering more than one lobe, had a mortality rate of 31.2%, while the ones with parietal location caused no single death. To conclude, we can say, based on this study, that the age and sex of patients and the operative technique have no effect on the rate of mortality while it is obviously influenced by the duration of the complaints and the pre-operative condition. Consequently, we would like to stress up on early diagnosis and treatment of such cases.Öğe Clinical analysis of intervertebral space infections(2020) Paşahan, Ramazan; Aladağ, Mehmet ArifAbstract: Intervertebral space infections are a serious group of diseases caused by various microorganisms. These infections present various pathological processes with neurological deficit due to pain, deformity, instability and spinal cord compression, and lead to high morbidity and mortality. For this reason, our aim in this study was to contribute to the discussions in the literature by comparing etiologically different disc infections, by revealing different aspects of them, and by assessing them in terms of timing of surgical treatment retrospectively in the light of the literature. In this study, 59 patients with spinal infection were retrospectively evaluated between 2010 and 2015 at Inonu University Department of Neurosurgery. The patients were divided into groups based on age, gender, complaints, duration of complaints, preoperative and postoperative findings, and microorganism sites and compared in terms of sites, malformation, instability, and surgical procedures. Tissue samples taken from the histopathological and bacteriological (culture and cultural sensitivity) patients were examined. Lastly, the effects of each parameter on morbidity and mortality were investigated. It was concluded that early diagnosis and treatment decreases morbidity.Öğe Lumbar disk hernilerinin tanısında lumbar epidural venografi(Atatürk Üniv. Tıp Bül., 1985) Aydın, İsmail Hakkı; Önder, Arif; Tümer, Behiç; Aladağ, Mehmet Arif; Güney, Şefik; Aydın, Yusuf
