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Öğe Comparison of biochemical, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of different propolis samples from Malatya and Bilecik(Syscom 18 SRL, 2020) Keskin M.; Karlidag S.; Yilmaz O.; Tatlici E.; Karabulut E.; Apohan E.; Yesilada O.Propolis is a resinous natural mixtures collected and produced by honey bees. It is rich in essential oils and phenolic components so it has high levels of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral activity. In this study the biochemical activity of propolis extracts were determined. The antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic activity of the extracts of the nine different propolis samples were invastigated. Their antimicrobial activities were tested by microdillution metod and define as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Chemical composition of extracts was determined by using GC-MS equipment. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of the extracts was carried out as well. All of the extracts showed antimicrobial activity on bacteria and yeasts used. Extracts had generally lower MIC values on yeasts. Therefore, yeasts were detected as more susceptible against the propolis extracts than the bacteria. Cytotoxic activity of extract were determined aganist A549 and Beas2B cell lines and IC50 values were calculated. Ma-Arapgir had the highest cytotoxic activity on A549 and Beas2B. They were determined as 6.72 and 26.44 mg/mL, respectively. It could be concluded that propolis extracts have antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity thus, propolis could be used in the treatment of cancer. © 2020 SYSCOM 18 S.R.L.. All rights reserved.Öğe Endogenous poly amine content in the white rot fungi Coriolus (Trametes) versicolor and Funaiia trogii(2010) Mutlu F.; Apohan E.; Kahraman S.In this study, changes in the content of polyamines (PAs) of the white rot fungi Coriolus (Trametes) versicolor ATCC 200801 and Funaiia trogii ATCC 200800 were investigated. The effects of various parameters such as initial pH, temperature, time period and the agitation rate were studied and the optimal experimental conditions were decided. Spermidine (Spd) was the most abundant polyamine in two white rot fungi. The highest Spd content was obtained at 30°C temperature, 150 rev/min agitation rate and pH 3.0 for C. versicolor for 6 day incubation period. Whereas, the highest Spd content for F. trogii was found at 40°C temperature, 50 rev/min agitation rate and pH 5.0 in 6 day incubation period. As a conclusion, our data show that white rot fungi produce spermidine at determining optimal culture conditions. Moreover our results demonstrate that it is possible to increase the endogenous Spd content by selecting the most optimal conditions.Öğe Enhancement of laccase production of pre-grown fungal pellets in wastewater of olive oil mills(2011) Apohan E.; Yesilada O.Previous works reported lacease production ability of batch cultures of white rot fungi in olive oil mill wastewater media (OOMW). Therefore, here, lacease production ability of repeated-batch cultures of Funalia trogii and Trametes versicolor pre-grown pellets in olive oil mill wastewater media (OOMW) was investigated and conditions for lacease production were optimized. The results indicated that high amounts of lacease could be obtained by using the best production conditions such as agitation, initial pellet amounts, initial pH, OOMW concentration and temperature. All these conditions were found to be important for lacease production. After optimization, the effect of various supplementary sources and inducer (glucose, malt extract, cheese whey and copper) on lacease production ability of these fungi and longevity of this production ability were examined in repeated-batch process. Presence of glucose, malt extract, cheese whey and copper positively affected the lacease production ability and longevity of the production. The fungal pellets also partially bioremediated the OOMW during lacease production and F. trogii pellets removed 33% COD from OOMW effluent whilst T. versicolor removed 28% in the first use. © by PSP.Öğe Sphingosine kinase-1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 mediate Bcr-Abl1 stability and drug resistance by modulation of protein phosphatase 2A(American Society of Hematology, 2011) Salas A.; Ponnusamy S.; Senkal C.E.; Meyers-Needham M.; Selvam S.P.; Saddoughi S.A.; Apohan E.The mechanisms by which sphingosine kinase-1 (SK-1)/sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) activation contributes to imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are unknown. We show herein that increased SK-1/S1P enhances Bcr-Abl1 protein stability, through inhibition of its proteasomal degradation in imatinib-resistant K562/IMA-3 and LAMA-4/IMA human CML cells. In fact, Bcr-Abl1 stability was enhanced by ectopic SK-1 expression. Conversely, siRNA-mediated SK-1 knockdown in K562/IMA-3 cells, or its genetic loss in SK-1-/- MEFs, significantly reduced Bcr-Abl1 stability. Regulation of Bcr-Abl1 by SK-1/S1P was dependent on S1P receptor 2 (S1P2) signaling, which prevented Bcr-Abl1 dephosphorylation, and degradation via inhibition of PP2A. Molecular or pharmacologic interference with SK-1/S1P2 restored PP2A-dependent Bcr-Abl1 dephosphorylation, and enhanced imatinib- or nilotinib-induced growth inhibition in primary CD34+ mononuclear cells obtained from chronic phase and blast crisis CML patients, K562/IMA-3 or LAMA4/IMA cells, and 32Dcl3 murine progenitor cells, expressing the wild-type or mutant (Y253H or T315I) Bcr-Abl1 in situ. Accordingly, impaired SK-1/S1P2 signaling enhanced the growth-inhibitory effects of nilotinib against 32D/T315I-Bcr-Abl1-derived mouse allografts. Since SK-1/S1P/S1P2 signaling regulates Bcr-Abl1 stability via modulation of PP2A, inhibition of SK-1/S1P2 axis represents a novel approach to target wild-type- or mutant-Bcr-Abl1 thereby overcoming drug resistance. © 2011 by The American Society of Hematology.
