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Öğe Biological activities of origanum L. (Lamiaceae)(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021) Çarikçi S.; Gören A.C.; Kiliç T.; Özer Z.; Arabaci T.; Setzer W.N.; Dirmenci T.Medicinal plants have highly valuable secondary metabolites such as essential oils, flavonoids, and phenolics that are produced for several purposes. Among many medicinal plants worldwide, Origanum L. is a well-known genus of the Lamiaceae and most Origanum species are rich in secondary metabolites and have chemical differences with respect to both content and composition, as well as several activities including antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antidiabetic activity. Origanum species are used as spices or herbal teas. Due to their use, they have great economic importance and have recently exhibited great interest in the food, cosmetic, agriculture and pharmaceutical industries as well as academia. In this chapter, the biological activity of the genus Origanum will be reviewed. For this purpose, publications related to various bioactivities of Origanum (PubMed/Web of Science/Scopus, 2/20/2021) were screened. These various reported activities showed that Origanum species are important medicinal plants and herbal treatments for several therapeutic indications. © 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Öğe Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil of Thymus haussknechtii Velen. from Turkey(Chemical Publishing Co., 2016) Arabaci T.; Özgül O.; Içen M.S.; Açari I.K.; Balcioglu S.; Gürhan I.The genus Thymus L. is represented by 40 species (42 taxa) in Turkey, of which 18 are endemic. Thymus haussknechtii Velen. is endemic species of the genus. In this study, the essential oil of Thymus haussknechtii, obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts, were analyzed by GC/MS. The main constituents of the oils are identified and antioxidant and antibacterial bioassays were determined. Isoborneol (9.06 %), linalool (8.44 %), ?-pinene (6.45 %), ?-terpinene (6.08 %), camphene (5.12 %), caryophylleneoxide (5.11 %) are established as the major components of the essential oil. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. Both tested bacteria were inhibited by the essential oil. The essential oil of the species was subjected to a screening for their possible antioxidant activities by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS. A remarkable antioxidant activity was observed from the essential oil according to the comparison with the antioxidative potentials of the standard compound used in this study. The findings of the analyzed taxa are compared with the results of previous studies.Öğe Composition and the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch. and Achillea lycaonica Boiss & Heldr.(Chemical Publishing Co., 2008) Azaz A.D.; Arabaci T.; Sangun M.K.; Yildiz B.The genus Achillea (Asteraceae) is represented by 42 species (48 taxa) in Turkey and 22 of which are endemic to Turkey. Achillea wilhelmsii and Achillea lycaonica collected from different localities in Turkey, were subjected to hydrodistillation to yield essential oils which were subsequently analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the oils were identified and antimicrobial bioassays were applied. Camphor (39.62 %) was the main component in the oil of Achillea wilhelmsii. The oil of Achillea lycaonica contained L-camphor (43.19 %) as main constituent. All tested microorganisms were inhibited by the essential oils. On the other hand both essential oils showed strong antifungal activity against Alternaria brassicola than other tested microfungi.Öğe Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activities of achillea biserrata M. Bieb. and achillea salicifolia besser subsp. salicifolia collected in Turkey(Chemical Publishing Co., 2009) Azaz A.D.; Arabaci T.; Sangun M.K.Aerial parts of Achillea biserrata (collected from Gumushane between Trabzon) and A. salicifolia subsp. salicifolia (collected from Ardahan between Gole) were subjected to hydrodistillation to yield their essential oils and were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The main compo- nents of tested essential oils were camphor (36.80-55.26 %), 1,8-cineol (19.35-22.75 %), camphene (16.41-3.23 %) and artemisia alcohol (14.28-3.17 %), respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of tested essential oils were evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25292, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Proteus vulgaris NRRL 123, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Enterobacter aemgenes NRRL 3567, Listeria monocystogenes ATCC 7644, Serratia marcescens, Candida albicans, Penicilliwn expansum, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and Alternaria brassicola. All tested bacteria and Candida albicans were inhibited by the essential oils. The essential oils showed weak antifungal activity against all microfungi tested. Nevertheless, it is found that P. expansum was not inhibited by any essential oils used in this study. Aspergillus niger was also not inhibited by A biserrata. Alternaria brassicola was the most sensitive microfungi against all the tested essential oils.Öğe Floristic characteristics of Beyda?i (Malatya)(2004) Yildiz B.; Bahçecio?lu Z.; Arabaci T.The floristic characteristics of Beyda?i are given and the vascular plant species growing there are documented. Beyda?i is situated in the south of Malatya province and is in the Irano-Turanian phytogeographical region. The research was carried out between 1986 and 2000. Two thousand one hundred plant specimens were collected from the area. At the end of the study, 873 vascular plant species (897 taxa, 185 subsp., 112 var.) and 357 genera belonging to 73 families were identified: 140 taxa (16.9%) are endemic to Turkey. The phytogeographic elements are represented in the study area as follows: Irano-Turanian 364 (40.44%), Mediterranean 98 (11.1%), and Euro-Siberian 32 (3.7%). Finally, 101 new records were established for the B7 square.Öğe Rediscovery of Achillea boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss. later 140 years(2006) Arabaci T.; Yildiz B.This study includes taxonomical improvements of Achillea boissieri HAUSSKN. ex BOISS. and distributions in Turkey which was known only from the type specimen and regarded as a synonym in relevant studies. After collected second times from the field, A. boissieri decided as a separate species. Furthermore, description, localities, distribution map and key of allied species are given. © 2006 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.Öğe Taxonomy and treatened categories of three Achillea L. (Asteraceae-Anthemideae) species previously cited in the data deficient (DD) category(2008) Arabaci T.; Yildiz B.This study presents the taxonomy and threatened categories of 3 Achillea L. (Asteraceae-Anthemideae) species: A. membranacea (Labill.) DC., A. brachyphylla Boiss. & Hausskn., and A. boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss. These species belong to sect. Babounya (DC.) O.Hoffm. and were previously placed in the data deficient (DD) category in the Red Data Book of Turkish Plants. Descriptions, localities, distribution map, and images of the species are given. Threatened categories of the species were determined as A. membranacea in VU, and A. brachyphylla and A. boissieri in EN. © TÜBİTAK.Öğe Taxonomy of origanum L. (Lamiaceae)(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021) Dirmenci1 T.; Arabaci T.; Özcan1 T.; Drew B.; Yazici T.; Martin E.; Celep F.Origanum (Subfamily Nepetoideae, tribe Mentheae, subtribe Menthinae) contains several species commonly used as spices, tea, and for medicinal purposes, and is one of the most commercially important genera within the family Lamiaceae. Origanum is found exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere of the Old World, with 90% of the taxa occurring in the Mediterranean region. Although members of the genus are predominantly distributed in the Mediterranean region, there are also species (e.g., O. vulgare s.l.) distributed from the Azores to Taiwan and throughout much of Eurasia. Diploid chromosome numbers have been reported as 2n = 28, 30 and 32, with the basic number x = 15. Hybridization is quite common (~52% of species) within Origanum, and can occur between individuals belonging to the same or different generic sections. Homoploid hybridization appears to be the primary ploidy mechanism within the genus. Here, we define Origanum as having 42 species (49 taxa) and 22 hybrids, and provide an updated sectional delimitation of the genus. In addition to providing taxonomic clarification, information including gross morphological characters, photographs and drawings, distribution, ecology, and cytology of the genus are also provided. © 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
