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    THE ASSESSMENT OF BIOACCUMULATION, SURVIVABILITY AND ACUTE TOXICITY OF THE LEAD ACETATE ON Gammarus pulex (L. 1782)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2022) Aydemir, Songul
    This study was aimed to investigate the effects such as the bioaccumulation, survival rates and acute toxicity of lead acetate at different concentrations (25-1000 mu g/L) on Gammarus pulex after the 96-hours. After experiment, while the LC50 value was determined 763 (669-899) mu g/L, it was found that the increasing of the lead acetate toxicity was with an increasing exposure time and concentrations. Especially, the lead acetate concentration in the tissues of Gammarus pulex in 1000 mu g/L dose was the highest in all groups, no significant difference (p>0.05) was determined between the control group and 25-50 mu g/L dose. It was significant differences (p<0.05) between 100-1000 mu g/L doses compared to control and other groups during exposure. Finally, it was determined that the lead acetate was highly toxic after 750 mu g/L and was capable of accumulating in tissues of Gammarus pulex.
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    BÖBREK İSKEMİ-REPERFÜZYON HASARINDA KALPAİN İNHİBİTÖRÜ OLAN AK295 UYGULANAN SIÇANLARDA SERUM ÜRE VE KREATİN DEĞERLERİ
    (2022) Aydemir, Songul; Binen, Mahmut
    Nekroz ve apoptoz gibi hücre ölümü ile sonuçlanan olaylarda kalpainler, kaspazlarla birlikte çalışan proteazlardır. Sıçan omurilik travma modellerinde kalpain inhibitörlerinin (AK295) apoptozu yavaşlattığı veya durdurduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada 28 adet erkek wistar albino sıçan rastgele seçilerek dört gruba ayrıldı. Gruplar; kontrol, İskemi-Reperfüzyon (İ/R), İskemi-Reperfüzyon+AK295, İskemi-Reperfüzyon+DMSO (dimetil sülfoksit) olarak belirlendi. İskemi sonrasında böbreklerde oluşan hasarda kalpain inhibitörü olan AK295’in etkisi incelendi. Sıçanlara sağ böbrek nefrektomisi uygulanarak 30 dakika total iskemi yapıldı. 24 saatlik reperfüzyon periyodu tamamlandıktan sonra anestezi uygulandı. Bu çalışmamızda, böbrek hasarında önemli indikatörler olan serum kreatin ve üre değerleri tayin edildi. Kontrol, I/R, I/R + AK295, and I/R + DMSO gruplarında ortalama üre değerleri; sırasıyla 35.4 ± 22.3, 156.4 ± 9.01, 150.8 ± 5.8, ve 165.2 ± 6.1 mg/dL olarak bulundu. İ/R + AK295 ve İ/R + DMSO değerlerinin, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı (p<0.05) derecede yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Böbrekte İ/R oluşturulan sıçanlarda, AK295’in oluşan böbrek hasarını kısmen azalttığı tespit edildi.
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    Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Cold-Pressed Hemp Seed Oil on Lung Cells: Cannabinoid and Fatty Acid Profiling via LC-MS/MS and GC-FID
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Yaman, Zeynep; Aydemir, Songul; Ugur, Yilmaz; Demirtas, Sezin; Senturk, Harun; Salva, Emine; Erdogan, Selim
    This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of cold-pressed hemp seed oil on human lung carcinoma (A549) and normal bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Cell viability was assessed using MTS assay across a concentration range of 1-50 mu g/mL, and a dose-dependent decline was observed in both cell types. At the highest concentration (50 mu g/mL), cell viability decreased to 27% in A549 and 22% in BEAS-2B cells, indicating limited selectivity. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with 25 mu g/mL hemp seed oil resulted in a total late apoptotic/necrotic cell population of 67.13% in A549 cells, with minimal early apoptosis observed. LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of cannabidiol (CBD, 24.55 mu g/mL) and cannabinol (CBN, 11.91 mu g/mL), with excellent recovery rates (CBD: 96.10 +/- 2.38%, CBN: 98.75 +/- 1.76%) and a validated linear range of 1-1000 mu g/mL (R-2 > 0.99). GC-FID analysis identified a favorable fatty acid profile dominated by linoleic acid (55.7%), alpha-linolenic acid (18.19%), and oleic acid (14.12%), which may contribute synergistically to the observed bioactivity. While these in vitro findings suggest that hemp seed oil may possess anticancer activity, further in vivo studies are warranted to clarify its mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and therapeutic applicability.
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    Evaluation of Relationship between Sperm Cell Velocities and Fatty Acids Contents of Semen Seminal Fluid in the Two Trout Fish Species
    (Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2023) Ozgur, Mustafa Erkan; Erdogan, Selim; Aydemir, Songul; Yumusakbas, Hatice
    In this study, the fatty acid compositions of semen seminal plasma in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) were analyzed in fresh semen by gas chromatography (GC) and investigated the relationships with the sperm cell velocities. According to our results, total levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) for Salmo trutta fario occurred in higher quantities than Oncorhynchus mykiss but the quantities of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were less. Palmitic and stearic acid for SFA, oleic and nervonic acids for MUFA and linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids for PUFA of semen seminal plasma were main. Semen volume and the levels of SFA (myristic, palmitic and margaric acid), MUFA (palmitoleic, ginkgolic, oleic and nervonic acid) and PUFA (linoleic, gama-linolenic and eicosadienoic acid) were significantly different (p<0.05) between both species. Especially, the levels of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) determined no significant different (p>0.05). Additionally, we found negative correlation between the straight line velocity (VSL) and pentadecanoic acid (r =-0.78, p<0.05), stearic acid (r =-0.76, p<0.05) and nervonic acid (r =-0.89, p<0.01) for rainbow trout, while there was negative correlation (r =-0.96, p<0.05) between angular path velocity (VAP) and EPA for brown trout. Finally, it can be concluded with these results that the fatty acids of sperm seminal plasma affect the velocities of sperm cells and they would also improve semen quality and fertilization protocols.
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    An investigation of histopathological changes and bioaccumulation in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to dodine
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Buyuksoylu, Semih; Ozgur, Mustafa Erkan; Gul, Cemile Ceren; Taslidere, Asli; Aydemir, Songul; Erdogan, Selim
    The purpose of this research is to determine ecotoxicological effects of dodine (n-dodecylguanidini acetate) on aquatic environments. Though dodine is widely used as a fungicide in agriculture, but there is no much data about its ecotoxicology. In this regard, we investigated bioaccumulation levels and histological alterations on the tissues of muscle, liver and gills in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against different doses (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1mg/L) of Dodine exposure. The tissues of fish were extracted according to QUECHERS method and analyzed by mass spectrometer (LC-MS-MS). Neither of the applied dodine doses resulted in killing 50% of the total individuals in the experimental groups. However, 48hours after doses, behaviors such as instability, anomaly in swimming or sudden jumping movements were observed. Histological results of the study showed deteriorations of the radiological pattern of hepatocytes, sinusoidal dilatations, hemorrhages, edemas, mononuclear cell infiltrations, vascular congestions, hyperplasia and hypertrophy in liver, gill and muscle tissues. Accumulation of dodine in tissues correlated with increase of dose. The maximum level of active substance accumulation in tissues were measured 96hours after application of 1mg/L dodine dose -in order- in gills, muscles and liver. The accumulations were statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared with control group.
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    Zinc Sulfur Nanoparticles Cause Both the Negatory Vitality and Bioaccumulation on Gammarus pulex
    (Springer, 2025) Ozgur, Mustafa Erkan; Maras, Zeynep; Aydemir, Songul; Acari, Idil Karaca; Erdogan, Selim; Charles, Sandrine; Koytepe, Suleyman
    In recent years, Zinc Sulphur Nanoparticles (ZnS-NPs) have a wide range of applications such as in optical sensor, solid state solar window layers, photoconductors, phosphors and catalysts. There are no clear data on the waste-enriching effects of this nanoparticle, whose annual consumption is over million tons, and concerns remain unanswered. This research was also designed to investigate lethal and sublethal toxicity, as well as survivability and bioaccumulation on Gammarus pulex for the effects of possible waste products of ZnS-NPs. After acute 96-hours experiments, while the lethal concentration (LC50) value was estimated at 3.39 (2.79-4.17) ppm, it was found that both the toxicity and the accumulation levels of ZnS-NPs in tissues increased with increasing exposure durations and doses. Statistically significant differences were observed in ventilation rates of the organisms as exposure durations increased at higher doses such as 2, 5, and 10 ppm. According to our results, the lowest ventilation rate was determined at the highest dose of ZnS-NPs. Moreover, ZnS-NPs was proved to be highly toxic after 3.5 ppm, while ZnS-NPs very slowly accumulate in Gammarus pulex tissues (BCF equal to 5.8.10- 4 (4.28.10- 4; 7.2.10- 4) at the highest exposure dose).