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Öğe Are there differences between Mediterranean diet and the consumption of harmful substances on quality of life?-an explanatory model in secondary education regarding gender(Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Melguizo-Ibanez, Eduardo; Zurita-Ortega, Felix; Ubago-Jimenez, Jose Luis; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Gonzalez-Valero, Gabriel; Ardigo, Luca PaoloBackgroundAdolescence is a key life stage in human development. It is during this stage of development that healthy and physical behaviors are acquired that will last into adulthood. Gender differences in the acquisition of these behaviors have been observed. This research aims to (a) study the levels of Mediterranean diet adherence, quality of life and alcohol and tobacco consumption as regarding the gender of the participants and (b) study the effects of the variable adherence to the Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption and tobacco consumption on quality of life as a function of the gender of the participants.MethodsA non-experimental, cross-sectional, exploratory study was carried out in a sample of 1,057 Spanish adolescents (Average Age = 14.19; Standard Deviation = 2.87).ResultsThe comparative analysis shows that the male teenagers shows a higher Mediterranean diet adherence compared to the male adolescents (p <= 0.05) and a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages (p <= 0.05). On the contrary, adolescent girls show a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages than male participants (p <= 0.05). The exploratory analysis indicates that for boys, alcohol consumption has a beneficial effect on the quality of life of adolescents (beta = 0.904; p <= 0.001).ConclusionIn this case, participants show differences in the levels of Mediterranean diet adherence, consumption of harmful substances and quality of life according to gender. Likewise, there are different effects between the variables according to gender. Therefore, gender is a key factor to consider during adolescence.Öğe Can Environmental Enrichment Modulate Epigenetic Processes in the Central Nervous System Under Adverse Environmental Conditions? A Systematic Review(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2024) Fernandes, Matheus Santos de Sousa; Costa, Moara Rodrigues; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Santos, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema; da Costa, Jonathan Manoel; de Souza, Raphael FabricioThe aim of this paper is to summarize the available evidence in the literature regarding the effects generated by exposure to an enriched environment (EE) on the modulation of epigenetic processes in the central nervous system under adverse environmental conditions. Searches were conducted in three databases: PubMed/Medline (1053 articles), Scopus (121 articles), and Embase (52 articles), which were subjected to eligibility criteria. Of the 1226 articles found, 173 duplicates were removed. After evaluating titles/abstracts, 904 studies were excluded, resulting in 49 articles, of which 14 were included in this systematic review. EE was performed using different inanimate objects. Adverse environmental conditions included CUMS, sepsis, nicotine exposure, PCP exposure, early stress, WAS, high fructose intake, TBI, and sevoflurane exposure. Regarding microRNA expression, after exposure to EE, an increase in the expression of miR-221 and miR-483 was observed in the prefrontal cortex, and a reduction in the expression of miR-92a-3p and miR-134 in the hippocampus. Regarding histone modifications, in the hippocampus, there was a reduction of HAT, HDAC/HDAC4, H3 (acetyl K14), H4 (acetyl K15), H3K4me3, K3k27me3, and HDAC2/3/5. In the cortex, there was a reduction of HDAC2, and in the prefrontal cortex, there was an increase in acetylated H3. Regarding DNA modifications, there was a reduction of DNMT in the hippocampus. This systematic review concludes that the benefits of EE on the brain and behavior of animals are directly related to different epigenetic mechanisms, reflecting in cell growth and neuroplasticity. EE may be a non-pharmacological and easy-to-apply alternative to prevent symptoms in disorders affecting brain tissue.Öğe Does body mass index distinguish motor proficiency, social and emotional maturity among adolescent girls?(Bmc, 2023) Badicu, Georgian; Sani, Seyed Hojjat Zamani; Fathirezaie, Zahra; Esmaeili, Mohaddese; Bassan, Julio Cesar; Gonzalez-Fernandez, Francisco Tomas; Yagin, Fatma HilalBackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate whether different body mass index (BMI) groups could serve as a distinguishing factor for assessing motor proficiency and social and emotional maturity in adolescent girls.Methods140 girls ranging from 12 to 14.5 years old were selected from the schools of Tabriz city, Iran. After their height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index, they completed the following questionnaires: Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of motor proficiency, Second Edition,Vineland Social Maturity Scale, and Emotional Maturity scale.Resultsnormal-weight girls had a meaningful advantage against overweight and underweight participants in the gross motor factor of motor proficiency (p = 0.004), but there wasn't a meaningful difference in the fine motor p = 0.196) and coordination factors (p = 0.417). Also, social maturity showed an advantage of normal and underweight adolescent girls in the self-help dressing factor (p = 0.018), while the locomotion skills (p = 0.010) factor revealed a better performance of normal weight and overweight groups over underweight adolescents. No significant differences were observed in the emotional maturity subscales (p = 0.63) between the groups.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that BMI has a direct influence on adolescents' gross motor proficiency and social maturity.Öğe Does Quercetin Supplementation Promote Biological Changes and Performance in Athletes? A Systematic Review(Biolife Publisher, 2024) Fernandes, Matheus Santos de Sousa; Ferreira, Diorginis José Soares; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Badicu, Georgian; Silva, Clarice Beatriz Gonçalves; Costa, Jonathan Manoel da; Santos, Gabriela Carvalho JuremaBackground: Summarize the available evidence in the literature regarding the repercussions generated by quercetin supplementation in amateur and professional athletes. Methods: Searches were conducted in four databases, Cochrane Library (23 articles), PubMed/Medline (37 articles), Scopus (70 articles), and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) (72 articles), which were subjected to eligibility criteria. Results: Out of 202 articles found, 95 duplicates were removed, and 107 articles were analyzed for the inclusion process. Then, 784 studies were excluded after title/abstract evaluation, resulting in 17 articles of which 13 were included in this systematic review. After quercetin supplementation, alterations in aspects related to the inflammatory response were observed, mainly through modifications in the formation of interleukin (IL)-1β, interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Responses were also observed in biochemical parameters, such as reduction of xanthine oxidase, and plasma free radicals. There were also changes related to anthropometry and body composition, in lean body mass (LBM). Some repercussions on performance were also observed, such as an increase in Sprint time (s), and training efficacy, a decrease post-run muscular pain through the Visual Analog Score (VAS), and recovery time in hours. Conclusion: This systematic review indicates that quercetin supplementation does not improve exercise performance, but may exert positive effects on training development, which might trigger better performance as training progresses. On the inflammatory and oxidative-related parameters, just a few evidence pointed to an improved biochemical profile, wherein the slight enhancement may not justify the supplementation costs. © 2024 The Author(s).Öğe Effects of conditioning activities and time of day on male elite football players(Mre Press, 2023) Ben Maaouia, Ghazwa; Eken, Ozgur; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Badicu, Georgian; Al-Mhanna, Sameer Badri; Ardigo, Luca Paolo; Souissi, NizarThis study evaluated the effects of different warm-up protocols based on conditioning activity combined with stretching exercises at different times of the day. Participants (20 first league of Tunisian football players) performed four warm-up protocols on two times a day in the morning: 09:00-10:00 and in the evening: 16:00-17:00, with at least 2 days between test sessions. All groups followed the warm-up randomly at two different periods of the day on non-consecutive days. The four protocols included: Dynamic stretching (DS), Dynamic stretching + conditioning activity (DS + High-Intensity Sprints HSJ), Dynamic stretching + drop jump (DS + DJ), and control (CONT). The thirty-meter sprint performance after different stretching and potentiation based warm-up protocols was recorded. Two-way Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) analysis was applied to examine the difference between warm-up protocols, the difference between the time of day and the interaction effect. The major finding revealed that 30 m sprint results and the exercise-induced temperature significantly differed from morning and evening stretching and potentiation-based warm-up protocols (statistically significant p < 0.05, and evening measurements were higher compared to the morning). In conclusion, and from a practical point of view, if the objective is to increase performance over a shorter period of time, each of these warm-up protocols can be useful. For the best improvement, DS + HSJ may be preferable both in the morning and the evening.Öğe Effects of different rest intervals in high intensity interval training programs on VO2max, body composition, and isokinetic strength and power(Mre Press, 2024) Kayhan, Recep Fatih; Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim; Eken, Ozgur; Bayrakdaroglu, Yesim; Badicu, Georgian; Al-Mhanna, Sameer BadriThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of short and long rest running-based high-intensity training (HIIT) on body composition, isokinetic strength, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Nineteen physically active men were recruited to voluntarily participate in the study. The participants were grouped using the closed-envelope randomized method as HIIT with a short rest (HIITS, n = 9; age: 19.60 +/- 1.34 years) and HIIT with a long rest (HIITL, n = 10; age: 19.77 +/- 0.97). Pre and post the 8-week running-based HIIT program, body mass index and body fat % were measured and all subjects performed isokinetic strength tests to determine their hamstring (H)/quadriceps (Q) peak torque ratio and the peak power and peak work for their H and Q muscles. The participants also underwent a graded exercise test to determine their VO2max. Statistical analysis performed with One-Way Variance Analysis and Bonferroni correction post hoc tests. As a result of the study, there were no significant differences between the pre- and post-training isokinetic strength parameters for the H and Q of HIITL and HIITS at velocities of 60 and 240(degrees)s(-1). The VO2max did not change for HIITS training but the VO2max increased (p < 0.05) for HIITL training. In conclusion, that HIITL and HIITS programs for 8 weeks did not change the relative and absolute strength, force production and the VO2max, but the VO2max increased (p < 0.05) for HIITL training.Öğe Effects of High-intensity Training and Electrical Stimulation on Pain, Disability, Knee Kinematic and Performance in Patellofemoral Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial(Federacion Espanola Asoc Docentes Educacion Fisica-Feadef, 2024) Samakosh, Hadi Mohammadi Nia; Oliveira, Rafael; Shahabi, Shahriar; Sarvarifar, Behrooz; Gorji, Sahar Moddares; Amirkhanloo, Amirreza; Badicu, GeorgianPatellofemoral pain (PFP) is a widespread problem in athletes who participate in jumping, cutting, and pivoting sports. Forty-four players participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: exercise plus EMS (G1) and exercise without EMS (G2), both with 12 women and 10 men. The exercise performed was 8 weeks of a high-intensity strength program for 45-60 minutes, plus cooling and a warm-up phase. Visual analogue scale (VAS), disability (Kujala patellofemoral score), knee valgus angle (KVA) and single-leg hop (SLH) were tested before (pre-test) and after training (post-test at 8 weeks) using a within -between group analysis (ANOVA 2x2). At baseline, no differences between groups were found (p > 0.05). After the intervention, both groups improved VAS, KVA, SLH (p < 0.001), and disability (p = 0.042). G1 showed more improvements than G2 for VAS (- 63.4 vs - 51.5%, p = 0.021, eta p2 = 0.13), disability (+ 32.6 vs + 18.4%, p = 0.001, eta p2 = 0.52), KVA (+ 4.2 vs + 2.2%, p = 0.016, eta p2 = 0.214) and SLH (+ 12.3 vs + 6.0%, p = 0.003, eta p2 = 0.20) respectively. No differences were found between the sexes for each group. Despite both interventions being valid, high-intensity strength training combined with EMS improved pain, disability, knee kinematics, and lower extremity performance more than exercise alone in professional handball athletes with PFP.Öğe Effects of short-term pre-competition weight loss on certain physiological parameters and strength change in elite boxers(Public Library Science, 2024) Yasul, Yavuz; Akcinar, Faruk; Yasul, Muhammet Enes; Kurtoglu, Ahmet; Eken, Ozgur; Badicu, Georgian; Ardigo, Luca PaoloBackground Athletes in certain sports aim to gain an advantage by competing in a lower body mass class instead of competing in their own body mass class. This study aims to reveal certain physiologic and strength changes in elite male boxers who lost body mass rapidly before the competition.Methods 30 thirty boxers who were aged between 19-24 years and having a mean age of 7.4 years participated in the study. To evaluate the effect of short-term dietary intake interventions on body composition and muscle strength before the competition, boxers were divided into three groups: control (C), exercise+diet1 (E+D1) and exercise+diet2 (E+D2) groups. The dietary habits of the participants were controlled and they participated in the training program. The data of the study consisted of variables such as body mass, height, regional muscle mass, body fat percentage, biceps and femur bicondylar circumference measurements before the competitions. Isometric strength measurements of knee extensors and flexors and shoulder internal and external rotators were also recorded.Results Physiologic parameters such as body mass change, BMI level, body fat percentage and leg muscle ratios of E+D2 were significantly decreased compared to C and E+D1 groups. Furthermore, submaximal and maximal strength production in knee extensors and flexors as well as shoulder internal and external rotators were significantly decreased in E+D2 compared to C and E+D1 groups.Conclusion The tendency to lose body mass quickly in a short of time may give the desired results in terms of BMI, body mass and fat percentage, but it may cause strength losses in boxers during the competition period.Öğe Estimation of Obesity Levels through the Proposed Predictive Approach Based on Physical Activity and Nutritional Habits(Mdpi, 2023) Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Gormez, Yasin; Gonzalez, Pablo Prieto; Colak, Cemil; Gulu, Mehmet; Badicu, GeorgianObesity is the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body that leads to health risks. The study aimed to classify obesity levels using a tree-based machine-learning approach considering physical activity and nutritional habits. Methods: The current study employed an observational design, collecting data from a public dataset via a web-based survey to assess eating habits and physical activity levels. The data included gender, age, height, weight, family history of being overweight, dietary patterns, physical activity frequency, and more. Data preprocessing involved addressing class imbalance using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique-Nominal Continuous (SMOTE-NC) and feature selection using Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). Three classification algorithms (logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)) were used for obesity level prediction, and Bayesian optimization was employed for hyperparameter tuning. The performance of different models was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, area under the curve (AUC), and precision-recall curve. The LR model showed the best performance across most metrics, followed by RF and XGBoost. Feature selection improved the performance of LR and RF models, while XGBoost's performance was mixed. The study contributes to the understanding of obesity classification using machine-learning techniques based on physical activity and nutritional habits. The LR model demonstrated the most robust performance, and feature selection was shown to enhance model efficiency. The findings underscore the importance of considering both physical activity and nutritional habits in addressing the obesity epidemic.Öğe Impacts of different triathlon races on systemic cytokine profile and metabolic parameters in healthy individuals: a systematic review(Bmc, 2023) de Sousa Fernandes, Matheus Santos; Gomes, Jefferson Mariano; Aidar, Felipe J.; Thuany, Mabliny; Filgueira, Tayrine Ordonio; de Souza, Raphael Fabricio; Badicu, GeorgianThe present systematic review aimed to discuss the impacts of different triathlon protocols on the level of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as biomarkers related to the performance of healthy individuals. Four databases [PubMed (28 articles), Scopus (24 articles), Science Direct (200 articles), and SPORT Discus (1101 articles) were assessed. The eligibility criteria were applied, and the selected articles were used in the peer review, independently, as they were identified by March 2022. Of the 1359 articles found, 10 were included in this systematic review. Despite the difference in triathlon protocols, it was observed an increase in pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4 and IL-10, and chemokines, such as IL-8 and MCP-1. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory serum levels increase after triathlon. Overall, the studies also reported enhancement in the serum levels of cortisol, creatine kinase, C reactive protein, Endothelial Growth Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Myostatin, Lactate dehydrogenase, free fatty acids, and lactate dehydrogenase in triathlon athletes. This systematic review indicates that different triathlon race promotes an acute elevation of circulating cytokines and chemokines levels which return to standard levels after triathlon races. The findings of this systematic review demonstrate that the modulation of inflammatory parameters may be associated with an increase in metabolic indicators (CK, Cortisol, and LDH) after the end of different types of triathlon races.Öğe Influence of daytime napping on hormonal and psychometric variables of professional male basketball players during increased game frequency period crossing Ramadan intermittent fasting: a crossover research design with repeated assessments(Mre Press, 2024) Brini, Seifeddine; Granacher, Urs; Gonzalez, Julio Calleja; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma H.; Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Gonzalez, Javier RayaA diurnal nap during Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) could significantly reduce fatigue. This study aimed to assess the effects of a 45-min daytime nap on hormonal and psychometric variables during an increased basketball game frequency period that crosses RIF. 28 participants from two professional basketball clubs were selected. Participants were divided into two groups: a 45-min nap group (NAP, n = 14) and an active control group (CON, n = 14). Both groups experienced an increased game frequency when crossing the RIF. During week 1 and 4 of RIF, players were assessed for testosterone to cortisol ratio, body composition (body mass, body mass index and body fat percentage), sleep quality index survey results, well-being indices (sleep, fatigue, stress and delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS)), weekly internal training load (session rating of perceived exertion (RPE)), heart rate frequency, dietary intake and recovery state (Total Quality Recovery (TQR)). In this study, a group-by-time interaction (p = 0.02, effect size (ES) = 0.35, small) was observed for RPE, although NAP showed a lower value. Significant group-by-time interactions for TQR and DOMS (p = 0.02, ES = 0.38, small; p = 0.04, ES = 0.30, small; p = 0.045, ES = 0.28, small), with a better value of NAP. A 45-min nap during an increased game frequency period crossing RIF may improve professional basketball performance by providing a better way for recovery.Öğe Is environmental enrichment effective in modulating autophagy markers in the brain exposed to adverse conditions? A systematic review(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Silva, Clarice Beatriz Goncalves; de Sousa Fernandes, Matheus Santos; Cerqueira, Debora Dantas Nucci; Santos, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Aygun, Yalin; Badicu, GeorgianAutophagy is a key regulator of cellular homeostasis and neuronal survival, particularly under adverse physiological conditions. Environmental enrichment (EE), a non-pharmacological intervention providing enhanced sensory, cognitive, and motor stimulation, may modulate autophagic processes in the brain. This systematic review aimed to synthesize preclinical findings on the effects of EE on autophagy markers in rodent models subjected to diverse adverse conditions. A literature search across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and embase yielded eight eligible studies meeting inclusion criteria. EE was found to be generally associated with upregulation of key autophagic markers such as Beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, cathepsins, p62, p-TFEB, and LAMP-1 across brain regions including the cortex, hippocampus, and penumbral area. However, reductions in some markers were also observed, indicating that the modulatory effects of EE are context-dependent and may vary with disease model, brain region, or EE protocol duration. These findings suggest that EE holds promise as an adjunctive strategy to modulate autophagy and mitigate neurodegeneration, though heterogeneity in study design and outcomes warrants caution during interpretation. Further mechanistic and sex-specific studies are needed to clarify the therapeutic relevance of EE-induced autophagic modulation.Öğe Mediterranean diet adherence on self-concept and anxiety as a function of weekly physical activity: an explanatory model in higher education(Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Melguizo-Ibanez, Eduardo; Gonzalez-Valero, Gabriel; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Alonso-Vargas, Jose Manuel; Ardigo, Luca Paolo; Puertas-Molero, PilarIntroductionScientific literature has now demonstrated the benefits of an active lifestyle for people's psychological health. Based on the above statement, the aim was to (a) evaluate and adjust a structural equation model containing the variables anxiety, self-concept, and Mediterranean diet adherence and (b) contrast the proposed theoretical model by studying the differences between the variables according to the level of weekly physical activity in a sample of 558 university students. MethodsA non-experimental, exploratory, cross-sectional investigation has been proposed. Instruments such as the PREDIMED Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Form 5 Self-Concept Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results and discussionThe results illustrate that students showing low adherence to the Mediterranean diet had higher levels of anxiety (M = 0.95) than those showing a high degree of adherence (M = 0.75). It is also observed that young people with a high degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet report higher scores in the different dimensions of self-concept compared to young people with a low degree of adherence. In conclusion, it is affirmed that young people who show a high degree of adherence to this dietary pattern show lower levels of anxiety and greater recognition of the different areas of their self-concept.Öğe Optimizing athletic engagement and performance of obese students: an adaptive approach through basketball in physical education(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Slimi, Oumayma; Muscella, Antonella; Marsigliante, Santo; Bahloul, Mourad; Badicu, Georgian; Alghannam, Abdullah F.; Yagin, Fatma HilalIntroduction Obesity in adolescents is associated with reduced physical activity and athletic engagement, highlighting the need for tailored physical education programs. This study evaluated the effects of a 7-week adapted basketball program on the performance and athletic engagement of students with obesity. Methods Sixty-two students with obesity (23 boys, 39 girls, aged 15-17) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG, n = 30; 11 boys, 19 girls) participating in adapted basketball sessions or a control group (CG, n = 32; 12 boys, 20 girls) attending standard basketball lessons. Both groups completed 52-minute sessions twice weekly. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included a questionnaire evaluating perceptions of physical education and athletic performance during final matches. Results The EG showed significant improvements in interest, motivation (p < 0.05), perceived competence (p < 0.001), and reduced exercise difficulty (p < 0.001). Perceived fitness levels increased significantly only in EG girls (p = 0.013). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the CG before and after the intervention for any of the parameters. During matches, the EG outperformed the CG, with more successful shots (girls: p = 0.0004; boys: p = 0.012), fewer missed shots (girls: p = 0.033; boys: p = 0.046), and more successful passes (p = 0.032, eta(2) = 0.042). Discussion These results demonstrate that adapted physical education programs can serve as effective interventions for improving physical activity and promoting inclusion among adolescents with obesity while also serving as a preventive measure against obesity.Öğe Personality and motivation of physical activity in adolescent girls: effects of perceived parental support and social physical anxiety(Bmc, 2024) Fathirezaie, Zahra; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Aghdasi, Mohamadtaghi; Sani, Seyed Hojjat Zamani; Abbaspour, Kosar; Balli, Ozgur MulazimogluIn the present study, we investigated the relationship between personality and motivation for physical activity while introducing perceived parental support and social physical anxiety in adolescent girls (N = 318, Mage: 16.19 +/- 0.51 years). The present study was a retrospective correlational study that was conducted to analyze of a path model. Dark triad traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, student's motivation for physical activity, social physique anxiety, and participants' perceptions of parents' behaviors were measured. The findings indicated that psychopathy and Machiavellianism were directly and indirectly associated with motivation for physical activity, but Narcissism could only directly predict the motivation for physical activity. Also, need-thwarting (the most), need-supportive and social physical anxiety could predict motivation for physical activity. This model of the result suggests that among adolescent girls, dark triad personality could, directly and indirectly, predict motivation with need-supportive and need-thwarting and also social physical anxiety. It seems that the sense of importance and more attention to oneself in adolescent girls, which exists in the narcissistic personality, can directly lead to more motivation for physical activity. Also, the duplicitous ways of Machiavellian people in pursuing their motives were confirmed in this research.Öğe Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation in Athletes: A Systematic Review(Biolife Publisher, 2024) Fernandes, Matheus Santos de Sousa; da Costa, Jonathan Manoel; Badicu, Georgian; Santos, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema; Silva, Deyvison Guilherme Martins; Lagranha, Claudia Jacques; Yagin, Fatma HilalBackground: This study aims to summarize the evidence regarding the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supple-mentation on both amateur and professional athletes. Objective: The aim is to elucidate the impacts of PUFAs supplementation on physical performance, inflammatory response, biochemical profile, anthropometric/body composition, and performance outcomes in athletes. Methods: Articles published up to December 2023 were retrieved from databases including Cochrane Library, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase. Selected articles met eligibility criteria and quality methodology. Data on inflammatory response, biochemical markers, anthropometric/body composition, and neuromuscular indicators were extracted. Results: Twenty-one studies were included in this systematic review. PUFAs supplementation resulted in decreased levels of certain inflammatory markers (interferon-gamma, interleukin 1, prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha). However, no significant differences were observed in interleukin 4, 6, 8, 10, and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Additionally, there were no differences in glycemic (glucose and insulin) and lipid metabolism (high density lipoprotein (HDL)) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides). A reduction in reactive oxygen species levels was noted. No significant differences were found in muscle fatigue markers and anthropometry. Some performance parameters (neuromuscular and aerobic) improved following supplementation, including performance on the Yo-Yo distance test, resting energy expenditure, exercise time to exhaustion, and maximum oxygen consumption/maximum heart rate. Conclusion: Supplementation with PUFAs (600–3150 mg) in athletes led to reductions in inflammation and oxidative stress markers, as well as improvements in specific aerobic performance parameters. However, no significant effects were observed on glycemic and lipid profiles, anthropometric profiles, or body composition. © 2024 The Author(s).Öğe Post-activation performance enhancement effect of drop jump on long jump performance during competition(Nature Portfolio, 2023) dos Santos Silva, Devisson; Boullosa, Daniel; Pereira, Erika Vitoria Moura; de Jesus Alves, Micael Deivison; de Sousa Fernandes, Matheus Santos; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma HilalDrop jump is widely used in training sessions, aiming for chronic effects on long jump performance. However, the acute effect of drop jump on long jump performance through its use as a Conditioning Activity (CA) has not been explored. The objective of this study was to verify the Post-activation Performance Enhancement (PAPE) responses induced by successive Drop Jumps (DJ) on competitive long jump performance. Eleven male jumpers (19.0 +/- 2.0 years; 178.0 +/- 9.0 cm; 73.1 +/- 8.9 kg; and personal record 5.78 +/- 0.44 m) volunteered for participation. The athletes performed 5 drop jumps 2 min (1 ' 45-2 ' 15 min) before the second, and fourth attempt during official competition of state level, the attempts without the use of CA were considered controls. The performance of the second (5.63 +/- 0.43 m), third (5.65 +/- 0.46, g = 0.24) and fourth (5.71 +/- 0.34 m) jumps performed after activation were higher than the first (5.54 +/- 0.45 m) in the control condition, p = 0.02, and p = 0.01 respectively. Differences were also found in the take-off vertical velocity of the jump between the fourth (1.55 +/- 0.21) and the first jump (1.30 +/- 0.40), p = 0.006. Jump performance showed positive correlation with approach velocity, r = 0.731, vertical take-off velocity, r = 0.412, and take-off duration, r = 0.508. The mean performance in jumping post-activation (5.67 +/- 0.38 m) was higher than that without the use of previous CA (5.59 +/- 0.44 m), p = 0.02, g = 0.19. The use of DJs as a CA prior to the long jump promotes improvements in the performance of the jump, which can be explained by the increase in the take-off vertical velocity in the athletes.Öğe Prediction of obesity levels based on physical activity and eating habits with a machine learning model integrated with explainable artificial intelligence(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Gormez, Yasin; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Yagin, Burak; Aygun, Yalin; Boke, Hulusi; Badicu, Georgian; De Sousa Fernandes, Matheus SantosObjectives This study aims to build a machine learning (ML) prediction model integrated with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to categorize obesity levels from physical activity and dietary patterns. The inclusion of XAI methodologies facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors influencing the model predictions and thus increases transparency in the identification of obesity risk factors.Methods Six ML models were used: Bernoulli Naive Bayes, CatBoost, Decision Tree, Extra Trees Classifier, Histogram-based Gradient Boosting and Support Vector Machine. For each model, hyperparameters were tuned by random search methodology and model effectiveness was evaluated by repeated holdout testing. SHAP (SHapley Additive Annotations) and LIME (Local Interpretable Model Independent Annotations) interpretability methods were used to generate local and global feature importance measures.Results The CatBoost model exhibited the highest overall performance and achieved superior results in accuracy, precision, F1 score and AUC metrics. Nonetheless, other models such as Decision Tree and Histogram-based Gradient Boosting also yielded strong and competitive results. The results also highlighted age, weight, height and specific food patterns as key predictors of obesity. In terms of interpretability, LIME showed superior in fidelity, whereas SHAP showed improved sparsity and consistency across models, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of trait importance.Conclusion This research demonstrates that ML algorithms, when integrated with XAI technologies, can accurately predict obesity levels and explain important contributing risk factors. The use of SHAP and LIME increases model transparency, facilitating the identification of specific lifestyle patterns linked to obesity risk. These findings help to formulate more precise intervention techniques guided by a reliable and understandable predictive framework.Öğe Relationship between motivational climate, anxiety and average mark in pre-service physical education teachers: a cross-sectional study based on structural equation modelling approach(Bmc, 2025) Melguizo-Ibanez, Eduardo; Gonzalez-Valero, Gabriel; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Alonso-Vargas, Jose Manuel; Ardigo, Luca Paolo; Puertas-Molero, PilarBackgroundMotivation is a variable that directly influences task orientation. Within the motivational sphere, the motivational climate determines whether a task is performed with an intrinsic or extrinsic.PurposeIt has been observed that depending on motivational orientations, anxiety levels and task performance can be increased. Likewise, there are differences in interests depending on the gender of individuals.MethodsThis research aims (a) To elaborate and adjust a theoretical model of the causal relationship of motivational climate on anxiety and academic performance and (b) To analyse the causal relationship between the motivational climate on anxiety and the average mark of the participants. Regarding the design, a comparative, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 558 trainee physical education teachers. The sample for this study is from southern Spain. Likewise, the branch of study of the sample is related to university degrees in education sciences and physical activity and sport sciences. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport-2 and an ad hoc socio-demographic questionnaire were used to collect the data.ResultsIt is observed that the male sex presents a greater causal relationship of task climate (beta=-0.259; p <= 0.05) and ego climate (beta = 0.324; p <= 0.001) on anxiety. A stronger causal relationship of task climate (beta = 0.340; p <= 0.001) and ego climate (beta = 0.241; p <= 0.05) on mean score is also observed for the male population. The sample presents a negative causal relationship of anxiety on the average mark. This is higher for the male population (beta=-0.126).ConclusionsMale students show a greater causal effect of motivational climate on anxiety and grade point average. Likewise, the causal relationship of task climate on the development of anxiety is negative for the study sample. In contrast, the ego climate exerts a positive causal relationship on the development of anxiety.Öğe The Effect of Task Cognitive Difficulty on Perceptual-Cognitive Indicators: Evidence on the Relationship Between Challenge Point Framework (CPF) and Cognitive Development in Table Tennis Beginners(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2025) Taghi, Mahya Mohamad; Aghdaei, Mahin; Farsi, Alireza; Badicu, Georgian; Fernandes, Matheus Santos de Sousa; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Ardigo, Luca PaoloIntroduction: Motor learning, in addition to influencing the practice of physical activity, affects cognitive skills related to prediction and decision. One key principle in sports training is designing exercise programs that optimize cognitive-motor performance, based on the Challenge Point Framework (CPF). The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different levels of work difficulty on cognitive-perceptual indicators in table tennis beginners. Methods: Forty-two female beginners in table tennis (ages 20-35) were divided into high, moderate, low task difficulty, and control groups based on pre-test scores of attention networks. The intervention consisted of 8 daily training sessions, each lasting 30 minutes. Pre- and post-test comparisons were made to evaluate changes in cognitive-perceptual performance. Results: Post-test results showed improvements in executive control of attention and cognitive effort across all groups. But there was no significant difference between the groups. Discussion: These findings suggest that cognitive task difficulty, much like functional difficulty, aligns with predictions from the CPF, enhancing executive control and cognitive effort, and thereby supporting motor learning. Conclusion: Cognitive difficulty, like functional difficulty, takes advantage of the challenge point framework and improves cognitive-cognitive indicators.
