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    Early detection of the turp syndrome [13]
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2000) Bakan N.; Gedik E.; Ersoy O.
    [No abstract available]
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    The effect of orogastric aspiration to postoperative nausea and vomiting in tonsillectomy operations
    (1999) Bakan N.; Gursoy F.; Saydam S.; Gurel A.
    This study was designed to evaluate the effect of orogastric aspiration on postoperative nausea and vomiting after tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. Twenty-four nonpremedicated children between 3 and 13 yr of age, ASA physical status I or II, undergoing elective tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy were enrolled in the study. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg), fentanyl (1 ?g/kg), lidocaine (1 mg/kg), atracurium (0.5 mg/kg). The trachea was intubated with RAE endotracheal tube. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane (0.8%). N2O/O2 (50/50%). The patients were randomly assing into two groups. Before emerge orogastric aspiration was not and was performed in group I and II respectively. The patients were observed for the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative 24 hours period. In group II; the incidence of nausea and vomiting were higher than group I (p<0.5). As a conclusion, the incidence of nausea and vomiting were increased with orogastric aspiration after tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy.
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    Effects of lntrathecal fentanyl in patients undergoing cesarean section
    (2000) Bakan N.; Ozpolat S.; Ayas A.; Ersoy M.O.
    In this study it is investigated the effects of fentanyl with intrathecal bupivacaine on 75 patients who underwent either elective or emergent cesarean sections. Patients were divided into three groups: Patients of Group I received 0.5 %, 2.5 mL bupivacaine; Group II received 0.5%, 2.5 mL bupivacaine+fentanyl 10 ?g and Group III received 0.5 %, 2.5 mL bupivacaine+fentanyl 15 ?g (per each group 25 patients), respectively. During procedure sistolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, motor and sensorial block levels, analgesic efficacy (duration of efficient analgesia, total amount of analgesic) were monitored. Decrements in SAP and MAP at 3rd and 5th minutes were statistically significant between groups (p<0.05). First ephedrin administration time was shortest in 15 ?g fentanyl group (Group I: 11.60±5.59 min; Group II: 8.15±5.58 min; Group III: 5.11±4.31 min) which was statistically different between groups (p<0.05). Motor and sensory block levels were higher in fentanyl groups. Motor block level values at 1st and 5th min and sensory block levels at 1st, 15th and 30th min were statistically significant when compared within groups (p<0.05). Three patients in Group I required additional analgesia and in another patient surgery was completed with general anaesthesia. None of the patients in Group H and III required additional analgesia. Analgesic efficacy was similar in all groups. Effects on newborns as monitored with umblical blood gas analysis and APGAR scores were all similar and within normal limits. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding side effects, but intraoperative nausea was less in fentanyl groups. In conclusion; addition of fentanyl to intrathecal bupivacaine in each group of patients was found to fasten the establishment of profound block, as well as decreases the necessity of intraoperative additional analgesia and also decreaes nausea, which were all more prominent in 15 ?g fentanyl group.