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    Energy-Performance Evaluation with Revit Analysis of Mathematical-Model-Based Optimal Insulation Thickness
    (Mdpi, 2023) Balo, Figen; Ulutas, Alptekin
    This study investigates the optimum insulation thickness value using MATLAB Optimization Toolbox based on a mathematical model for sandwich walls that are formed with different insulation-building materials by different fuel types for a particular city located in the second climatic region of Turkey. In the second stage of study, using the BIM-based Revit simulation program, a building was designed with the same building-insulation materials under the same climate conditions. The six different wall performances were compared for the designed building. The study proposes a comprehensive approach by combining technical and economic factors in the sustainable design of buildings. The computational results indicate that using different energy alternatives has a significant impact on the air quality in residential areas. The lowest value is reached when natural gas is used. The energy cost savings change from 7.56 to 14.12 TRY/m(2) for external walls. While payback periods vary between 2.15 and 3.76 years for external walls, the lowest period for all wall types is obtained for electricity, which has a high cost. The optimum insulation thickness for 10 years of lifetime varies between 0.02 and 0.16 m. This study reflects that the highest optimal insulating thickness is reached when electricity is utilized as the energy source for all wall types. According to the Revit analysis, the lowest energy consumption of 21,677 kWh during one year using natural gas was obtained for a building material of porous light brick and an insulation material of glass wool.
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    Identifying the Most Efficient Natural Fibre for Common Commercial Building Insulation Materials with an Integrated PSI, MEREC, LOPCOW and MCRAT Model
    (Mdpi, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Balo, Figen; Topal, Ayse
    Building insulation is the most respected among the compatible and effective energy conservation technologies available today, as it also reduces yearly energy costs and negative environmental effects. A building envelope is made up of various insulation materials that are important in determining a building's thermal performance. Proper insulation material selection concludes in less energy requisition for operation. The purpose of this research is to supply information about natural fibre insulating materials used in construction insulation to maintain energy efficiency, as well as to recommend the most efficient natural fibre insulation material. As in most decision-making problems, several criteria and alternatives are involved in insulation material selection, too. Therefore, we used a novel integrated multi criteria decision making (MCDM) model including the preference selection index (PSI), method based on the removal effects of criteria (MEREC), logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighting (LOPCOW), and multiple criteria ranking by alternative trace (MCRAT) methods to deal with the complexity of numerous criteria and alternatives. The contribution of this study is that a new hybrid MCDM method is developed. Additionally, the number of studies using the MCRAT method is very limited in the literature; therefore, this study will provide more insights into and results of this method to the literature.
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    MCDM MODEL FOR CRITICAL SELECTION OF BUILDING AND INSULATION MATERIALS FOR OPTIMISING ENERGY USAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT IN PRODUCTION FOCUS
    (Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Balo, Figen; Mirkovic, Katarina; Stevic, Zeljko; Mostafa, Mohamed M. H.
    In the context of sustainable buildings, an ecological study of building and insulating materials is critical since it may assist affirm or shift the path of new technology development. Utilising sustainable material is a part of the sustainable improvement. For this reason, material fabrication is the primary process for the energy usage and release of intense environmental gaseous. The fabrication of the insulation and building materials, as in every fabrication process, comprises an energy consumption of crude materials in addition to the pollutants' release. In buildings, insulation is a relevant technological resolution for cutting energy usage. This study aims to assess the primary energy consumption and the environmental effects of the fabrication of building and thermal isolation materials by using a new hybrid MCDM model. The proposed new hybrid MCDM model includes Fuzzy FUCOM, CCSD and CRADIS methods. While the subjective weights of the criteria were determined with the fuzzy FUCOM method, the objective weights of the criteria were determined with the CCSD method. Construction materials were listed with the CRADIS method. According to the fuzzy FUCOM method, the most important criterion was determined as the CR3 criterion, while the most important criterion according to the CCSD method was determined as the CR1 criterion. According to the combined weights, the most important criterion was determined as the CR3 criterion. According to the CRADIS method, the material with the best performance was determined as Cement Plaster. The methodology used in this study is a novel approach therefore it has not been used in any study before. In addition, since the CRADIS method is a newly developed MCDM method, the number of articles related to this method is low. Therefore, this research gap will be filled with this study.
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    A new hybrid MCDM method for optimizing natural stone selection for building envelopes
    (Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Escuela Construccion Civil, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Balo, Figen; Topal, Ayse
    Most kinds of natural stones are perfect coating materials. Through utilizing stones with less thermal conduc-tivity coefficients, isolation of constructions improves with energy effective resolution. Modern building technologies prefer either decreasing stone to the weakest plausible extents or utilizing natural stones because natural stones have lower thermal conductivity with lighter weights. For this reason, first, the thermal and physical characteristics of natural stones used as coating material on the exterior walls of the buildings were investigated in this study. Then, in the light of these characteristics, natural stones with the best performance in terms of energy efficiency were determined using multi-criteria decision-making methods including FFSWARA and COBRA. The findings show that compressive strength is the most significant criteria and Isparta andesite stone is the most superior natural stone in terms of performance. This study con-tributes to the literature in three ways. First, the COBRA method used in this study has recently been introduced to the literature. Therefore, it has not been covered much in the literature. Second, this method has not been used in the selection of natural stone selection in the literature to our best knowledge. Third, this method has not been used together with the FFSWARA method before.
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    Selection of a Forklift for a Cargo Company with Fuzzy BWM and Fuzzy MCRAT Methods
    (Mdpi, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Topal, Ayse; Karabasevic, Darjan; Balo, Figen
    Material handling is a cost-intensive operation for businesses. There are several alternative types of equipment for material handling, therefore it is important to select the best one among them to decrease the cost. As there are several different alternatives and criteria which are used to assess these alternatives, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques are useful to determine the optimal material handling equipment (MHE) for businesses. In this study, fuzzy BWM for determining weights of criteria and the fuzzy Multiple Criteria Ranking by Alternative Trace (MCRAT) method have been used for ranking forklift alternatives. This study's significance in the literature will be the creation of a novel fuzzy MCDM technique with the application of fuzzy MCRAT. Furthermore, there are relatively few studies employing the MCRAT approach in the literature; therefore, this study will provide additional data and outcomes from this method to the literature. The findings present that the forklift with the code FLT-3 performed the best, whereas the forklift with the code FLT-2 had the worst performance, according to the fuzzy MCRAT technique. According to the comparison analysis, the fuzzy MCRAT produced the same results as the fuzzy ARAS and had a few subtle differences to fuzzy MARCOS.