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    Energy-Performance Evaluation with Revit Analysis of Mathematical-Model-Based Optimal Insulation Thickness
    (Mdpi, 2023) Balo, Figen; Ulutas, Alptekin
    This study investigates the optimum insulation thickness value using MATLAB Optimization Toolbox based on a mathematical model for sandwich walls that are formed with different insulation-building materials by different fuel types for a particular city located in the second climatic region of Turkey. In the second stage of study, using the BIM-based Revit simulation program, a building was designed with the same building-insulation materials under the same climate conditions. The six different wall performances were compared for the designed building. The study proposes a comprehensive approach by combining technical and economic factors in the sustainable design of buildings. The computational results indicate that using different energy alternatives has a significant impact on the air quality in residential areas. The lowest value is reached when natural gas is used. The energy cost savings change from 7.56 to 14.12 TRY/m(2) for external walls. While payback periods vary between 2.15 and 3.76 years for external walls, the lowest period for all wall types is obtained for electricity, which has a high cost. The optimum insulation thickness for 10 years of lifetime varies between 0.02 and 0.16 m. This study reflects that the highest optimal insulating thickness is reached when electricity is utilized as the energy source for all wall types. According to the Revit analysis, the lowest energy consumption of 21,677 kWh during one year using natural gas was obtained for a building material of porous light brick and an insulation material of glass wool.
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    HYBRID REVIT AND A NEW MCDM APPROACH OF ENERGY EFFECTIVE NURSING-HOME DESIGNED BY NATURAL STONE AND GREEN INSULATION MATERIALS
    (Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ, 2025) Balo, Figen; Ulutas, Alptekin; Stevic, Zeljko; Boydak, Hazal; Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras
    The requisition for maintainable constructions has been greatly raising over the last several years. To fulfil the maintainability necessities of a construction, decisions or changes must be done to a construction in the course of the preconstruction and design steps. This can be plausible utilizing building information modelling. To indicate the utilize of building information modelling in maintainable planning, an example nursing-house is received for modelling research. The energy efficiency of nursing-home is analysed utilizing Autodesk Revit and Green Building Studio simulation which contained different characteristics such as annual heating and cooling loads, annual energy usage. Through using the utilize of different building, insulation and roof materials in the nursing-home modelling, the nursing-home modelling is changed into a greener construction modelling. In addition, the effects of using green walls on the facade of the building on the energy performance were analysed. Utilizing simulation, the utilize of non-natural sources can be dramatically decreased through substituting for them with the utilize of sustainable natural sources by that means energy saving. Building information modelling has substantiated to be effective in providing maintainability with alternative material's assessment and earlier decision-making. Furthermore, this study employed an integrated new MCDM model to evaluate the performance of four natural stones for utilize in a nursing home setting.
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    Identifying the Most Efficient Natural Fibre for Common Commercial Building Insulation Materials with an Integrated PSI, MEREC, LOPCOW and MCRAT Model
    (Mdpi, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Balo, Figen; Topal, Ayse
    Building insulation is the most respected among the compatible and effective energy conservation technologies available today, as it also reduces yearly energy costs and negative environmental effects. A building envelope is made up of various insulation materials that are important in determining a building's thermal performance. Proper insulation material selection concludes in less energy requisition for operation. The purpose of this research is to supply information about natural fibre insulating materials used in construction insulation to maintain energy efficiency, as well as to recommend the most efficient natural fibre insulation material. As in most decision-making problems, several criteria and alternatives are involved in insulation material selection, too. Therefore, we used a novel integrated multi criteria decision making (MCDM) model including the preference selection index (PSI), method based on the removal effects of criteria (MEREC), logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighting (LOPCOW), and multiple criteria ranking by alternative trace (MCRAT) methods to deal with the complexity of numerous criteria and alternatives. The contribution of this study is that a new hybrid MCDM method is developed. Additionally, the number of studies using the MCRAT method is very limited in the literature; therefore, this study will provide more insights into and results of this method to the literature.
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    MCDM MODEL FOR CRITICAL SELECTION OF BUILDING AND INSULATION MATERIALS FOR OPTIMISING ENERGY USAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT IN PRODUCTION FOCUS
    (Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Balo, Figen; Mirkovic, Katarina; Stevic, Zeljko; Mostafa, Mohamed M. H.
    In the context of sustainable buildings, an ecological study of building and insulating materials is critical since it may assist affirm or shift the path of new technology development. Utilising sustainable material is a part of the sustainable improvement. For this reason, material fabrication is the primary process for the energy usage and release of intense environmental gaseous. The fabrication of the insulation and building materials, as in every fabrication process, comprises an energy consumption of crude materials in addition to the pollutants' release. In buildings, insulation is a relevant technological resolution for cutting energy usage. This study aims to assess the primary energy consumption and the environmental effects of the fabrication of building and thermal isolation materials by using a new hybrid MCDM model. The proposed new hybrid MCDM model includes Fuzzy FUCOM, CCSD and CRADIS methods. While the subjective weights of the criteria were determined with the fuzzy FUCOM method, the objective weights of the criteria were determined with the CCSD method. Construction materials were listed with the CRADIS method. According to the fuzzy FUCOM method, the most important criterion was determined as the CR3 criterion, while the most important criterion according to the CCSD method was determined as the CR1 criterion. According to the combined weights, the most important criterion was determined as the CR3 criterion. According to the CRADIS method, the material with the best performance was determined as Cement Plaster. The methodology used in this study is a novel approach therefore it has not been used in any study before. In addition, since the CRADIS method is a newly developed MCDM method, the number of articles related to this method is low. Therefore, this research gap will be filled with this study.
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    A new hybrid MCDM method for optimizing natural stone selection for building envelopes
    (Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Escuela Construccion Civil, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Balo, Figen; Topal, Ayse
    Most kinds of natural stones are perfect coating materials. Through utilizing stones with less thermal conduc-tivity coefficients, isolation of constructions improves with energy effective resolution. Modern building technologies prefer either decreasing stone to the weakest plausible extents or utilizing natural stones because natural stones have lower thermal conductivity with lighter weights. For this reason, first, the thermal and physical characteristics of natural stones used as coating material on the exterior walls of the buildings were investigated in this study. Then, in the light of these characteristics, natural stones with the best performance in terms of energy efficiency were determined using multi-criteria decision-making methods including FFSWARA and COBRA. The findings show that compressive strength is the most significant criteria and Isparta andesite stone is the most superior natural stone in terms of performance. This study con-tributes to the literature in three ways. First, the COBRA method used in this study has recently been introduced to the literature. Therefore, it has not been covered much in the literature. Second, this method has not been used in the selection of natural stone selection in the literature to our best knowledge. Third, this method has not been used together with the FFSWARA method before.
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    Optimal Configuration of Spatial Planning for Energy-Efficient Buildings
    (Univ North, 2024) Balo, Figen; Ivanovic, Biljana; Stevic, Zeljko; Ulutas, Alptekin; Marinkovic, Dragan; Demir, Hazal Boydak
    The project phase is where the life-cycle of a building starts. The best decisions are made during the design or pre-project step. In terms of both economic resources and time, changes to specific design decisions made at this step are inexpensive compared to subsequent steps of architectural planning, not to mention the course of the construction's operation itself. The choices made during the design phase determine to a large extent whether the architectural design decisions ofa building are achieved, whether the building and site can be used appropriately, and whether the project is economically viable. With BIM, building spatial planning is possible. As a result, architects can evaluate the proposed structure, its impact on the ecology, and the ecology's impact on the structure more comprehensively and at an earlier stage. This research proposes an energy modeling approach for the BIM-based spatial planning phase of a construction. The proposed method will result in an energy model for specific sites and building resolutions when utilized to create a spatial modelling for a construction. The energy model can then be used for new architectural creations. In this study, 36 different alternative scenarios were designed in terms of the rate of construction height to construction spacing, orientation factor, and form factor. With the help of BIM and GBS softwares, the energy consumption values of the alternative scenarios in cooling and heating load conditions were compared, and the alternative scenario with the minimum energy consumption was tried to be determined with spatial planning parameters.
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    Selection of a Forklift for a Cargo Company with Fuzzy BWM and Fuzzy MCRAT Methods
    (Mdpi, 2023) Ulutas, Alptekin; Topal, Ayse; Karabasevic, Darjan; Balo, Figen
    Material handling is a cost-intensive operation for businesses. There are several alternative types of equipment for material handling, therefore it is important to select the best one among them to decrease the cost. As there are several different alternatives and criteria which are used to assess these alternatives, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques are useful to determine the optimal material handling equipment (MHE) for businesses. In this study, fuzzy BWM for determining weights of criteria and the fuzzy Multiple Criteria Ranking by Alternative Trace (MCRAT) method have been used for ranking forklift alternatives. This study's significance in the literature will be the creation of a novel fuzzy MCDM technique with the application of fuzzy MCRAT. Furthermore, there are relatively few studies employing the MCRAT approach in the literature; therefore, this study will provide additional data and outcomes from this method to the literature. The findings present that the forklift with the code FLT-3 performed the best, whereas the forklift with the code FLT-2 had the worst performance, according to the fuzzy MCRAT technique. According to the comparison analysis, the fuzzy MCRAT produced the same results as the fuzzy ARAS and had a few subtle differences to fuzzy MARCOS.
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    Simulation-Based Hybrid Analysis of Eco-Friendly Wall Coatings Using LODECI, MAXC and DEPART Methods for Energy-Efficient Buildings
    (Mdpi, 2025) Balo, Figen; Ulutas, Alptekin; Ari, Ilknur; Das, Dillip Kumar; Stevic, Zeljko
    Thermal insulation is essential in lowering the energy consumption of buildings. However, many fossil-based insulation and exterior cladding materials are derived from petrochemical components, which often have adverse ecological impacts. This study explores the effectiveness of integrating sustainable thermal insulation solutions into building design to reduce energy consumption and minimize ecological impact. Focusing on an energy-efficient breakfast house located in Van, Turkey, the project was modeled using Autodesk-Revit software (2023). A comprehensive analysis was conducted by generating eighty alternative scenarios, combining two distinct wall structures, eight fiber-based natural insulation materials, and five wood-based exterior cladding materials. The energy performance of each scenario was evaluated using IES-VE software (2024.1), focusing on annual total energy consumption and CO2 emissions, while accounting for regional climatic conditions and targeted indoor comfort levels. To further refine the selection of optimal materials, a hybrid evaluation was performed using multi-attribute decision approaches, including LODECI, MAXC, and DEPART. These methods provided a systematic framework for comparing the performance of wood-based insulation materials across multiple criteria. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed multi-attribute decision models, a comparative analysis has been undertaken with other multi-attribute decision methods (COPRAS, ARAS and WASPAS). The study highlights the technical feasibility of incorporating cost-effective, eco-friendly fiber-based and wood-based materials into building envelopes, demonstrating their potential to significantly enhance energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. By combining advanced simulation tools with robust decision-making methodologies, this research offers a scientifically grounded approach to sustainable architectural design, providing important outputs for future applications in energy-efficient construction.