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    The effect of hybrid fiber and shear stud on the punching performance of flat-slab systems
    (Elsevier, 2023) Bassurucu, Mahmut; Turk, Kazim; Turgut, Paki
    In this paper, for the first time, the binary/ternary hybrid fiber and/or shear stud reinforcement as a measure was used to improve the punching performance of flat-slab systems by innovative selfcompacting concrete (SCC). Because in these slab systems, sudden and brittle punching failure can be seen due to application and design errors, early removal of formwork, changes in the purpose of use of the building, earthquakes, etc. Besides, numerous studies investigated the punching performance of the single fiber and/or shear stud reinforced flat-slab systems, but research into the measures of the hybrid fiber or the combined use of hybrid fiber and shear stud reinforcement, which were the variable parameters of this study, was quite lacking. For this purpose, the half-scale slab-column connection elements were produced from SCC containing different punching measures (binary/ternary hybrid and/or shear stud) and tested to investigate the punching performance of flat-slab systems. In conclusion, it was found that hybrid fiber reinforcement was the best punching measure to improve the punching performance of slabcolumn connection elements with/out shear stud. Besides, 3D graphs were drawn so that designers and researchers could estimate the punching strength and energy absorption capacity for flat-slab systems with/out shear stud based on the parameters of micro fiber type and total volume fraction. On the other hand, empirical formulas were developed to predict the punching strength of binary/ternary hybrid fiber reinforced flat-slab systems with/out shear stud by compressive strength, fiber reinforcement index, the slab useful height, and the punching perimeter parameters.
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    An experimental and statistical investigation on the fresh and hardened properties of HFR-SCC: the effect of micro fibre type and fibre hybridization
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Bassurucu, Mahmut; Turk, Kazim
    In this study, experimental and statistical analyses were conducted to reveal the effect of micro steel and/or polypropylene (PP) fibre with macro steel fibre as binary and ternary hybridization on the fresh, mechanical and flexural performance of hybrid fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete (HFR-SCC). For this purpose, some tests were conducted related to fresh and hardened properties. It was seen that PP had negative effect on the fresh properties of HFR-SCC mixtures compared to micro steel fibre. Moreover, multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to estimate the fresh and hardened properties of HFR-SCC as function of the percent of fibres by volume while ANOVA analysis determined the contributions of parameters. It was obtained from statistical analysis that there was a good correlation between experimental results and predicted values with approximately R-2=0.91 except for compressive strength. Finally, the use of PP with micro steel fibre as ternary hybridization increased the compressive, splitting, flexural tensile strengths, toughness and ductility of HFR-SCC with 1.1%, 13.2%, 18.8%, 14.9% and 26.3%, respectively, while the inclusion of PP into the mixture as binary hybridization had less positive effect on the hardened properties compared to binary steel fibre reinforced SCC with 0.25% micro steel fibre.
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    Investigation of shear strength of SCC beams with hybrid fiber as experimental and statistical
    (Yildiz Technical Univ, 2023) Turk, Kazim; Bassurucu, Mahmut; Oztekin, Erol
    In this study, the effects of different blending and combination of macro and micro steel fibers on the shear strength, ductility, failure mode and crack propagation of hybrid fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete beams were investigated experimentally and statistically. In the design of concrete, straight steel micro and hooked steel macro fibers were used. For this purpose, twelve 200x200x1000 mm reinforced concrete beam specimens, which had same reinforcing bar details, were produced and tested under four-point bending to investigate ultimate shear strength, displacement ductility, crack patterns, mode of failure, energy absorption capacity and yield stiffness properties. In conclusion, the beam specimens produced from self-compacting concrete (SCC) with hybrid steel fiber prevented the shear failure while all SCC beam specimens containing hybrid steel fiber reached the ultimate bearing capacity with the mode of flexural failure. Also, it can be clearly emphasized that the SCC beam specimens with hybrid steel fiber had higher shear strength, energy absorption capacity and yield stiffness than those of beam specimens containing only macro or micro steel fiber.
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    An investigation on the effect of hybrid fiber reinforced on the flexural behavior of RC beams having different lap-spliced lengths
    (Ernst & Sohn, 2023) Turk, Kazim; Bassurucu, Mahmut
    There are only a few studies related to the effect of the hybrid fiber reinforcement on the flexural behavior of full-scale beam specimens having lap-spliced length. Thus, this study will ensure important experimental data about the effect of macro steel fibers blended with micro steel fibers on lap-spliced length. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hybrid steel fiber reinforcement on the flexural behavior of full-scale reinforced concrete beams having different lap-spliced bars. A sum of three traditional concrete mixtures including a total of 1% fiber by volume fraction was adopted: control mixture without steel fiber, only macro steel fiber and hybrid steel fiber reinforced mixtures. For this purpose, 18 full-scale beams (200 x 300 x 2000 mm) having three different lap-spliced length (15, 25, and 35o) as tension steel bars were produced and tested under four-point bending to examine flexural behavior, mode of failure, ductility, and energy absorption capacity properties. In conclusion, the hybrid fiber reinforcement caused the highest increase in the load carrying capacity of the beam specimens. Besides, the hybrid fiber reinforced beam specimens exhibited excellent ductility and energy absorption capacity compared to single fiber reinforced beam specimens. On the other hand, it can be addressed that the hybrid fiber reinforced structural elements had a vital important to compensate the application errors and carelessness in steel bar workmanship, inadequate the lap-spliced length as per the codes. It can be emphasized that the lap-spliced length as per the building codes can be reduced in 40% by containing hybrid steel fiber (0.8% macro-0.2% micro) reinforced concrete without a reduction in load carrying capacity, ductility, and energy absorption capacity compared to control beam specimens without fiber.
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    Workability, strength and flexural toughness properties of hybrid steel fiber reinforced SCC with high-volume fiber
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Turk, Kazim; Bassurucu, Mahmut; Bitkin, Rifat Enes
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of total volume fraction and combinations of macro and micro steel fiber on the workability and mechanical as well as flexural performance of hybrid reinforced self-compacting concretes (HFR-SCC). A sum of five fiber reinforced SCC mixtures containing a total volume fraction fiber of 1.00% and 1.50% were designed as two single fiber reinforced mixtures with only macro steel fiber and two hybrid fiber reinforced as well as the control mixture without fiber. To interpret the fresh properties of HFR-SCC, slump flow diameter, T-500 and J-ring test were performed. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, load-carrying capacity, flexural toughness and ductility were measured to evaluate the mechanical and flexural performance of HFRSCC. The attained test results for fresh properties revealed that although decrease in the workability of FR-SCC mixtures happened with the increase in total volume fractions of fibers, all steel fiber reinforced SCC mixtures provided the workability limits of EFNARC. The flexural toughness values increased with the total volume fraction of fibers from 1.00% to 1.50%. The hybrid reinforced SCC specimens were exhibited superior the compressive strength, flexural toughness and ductility compared to single fiber reinforced SCC specimens. Also, HFR-SCC mixture with 1.20% macro and 0.30% micro steel fibers gave the best results in terms of mechanical and flexural performance due to increase in macro steel fiber volume fraction and higher fiber reinforced index with 1.04 as well as synergistic blends of macro and micro steel fibers. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.