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Öğe The acute effect of different massage durations on squat jump, countermovement jump and flexibility performance in muay thai athletes(Iermakov S S, 2021) Bayer, Ramazan; Eken, OzgurBackground and Study Aim Muay thai is a combat sport in which the competitors kick, punch, knee, elbow and growl with their opponents. The strength of the leg muscles can increase the intensity of the kick and its flexibility is a well-known issue for this sport. Determining the most appropriate method for these issues provides important gains to the athletes. One of the methods applied to achieve these gains is acute massage applications. The aim of the study is to evaluate the acute effect of different massage times on squat jump, countermovement jump and flexibility performance. Material and Methods Twelve healthy male muay thai athletes (age, 19.83 +/- 1.46 years; height, 175.33 +/- 7.91 cm; body mass, 65.16 +/- 13.36 kg) participated in the study, who exercised three times a week. The study consists of a single group. The study consists of 4 different massage duration protocols. These protocols consist of no massage (NM), five minutes massage (5MMSG), ten minutes massage (10MMSG) and fifteen minutes massage (15MMSG). Counter movement jump, squat jump, sitting and lying flexibility were measured after each massage period, respectively. All protocols were continued on consecutive days. Results There was a significant main effect for flexibility (F = 10,872 ; p = 0.00), countermovement jump (F = 4.719 p=.008) and squat jump (F = 6.262 p=.002) performance. The best flexibility, countermovement jump and squat jump performance detected immediately after 5MMSG was respectively 35,16 +/- 6,33; 37,17 +/- 4,18 and next, 36,05 +/- 4,68. Conclusions As a result, it is recommended that different massage durations are effective in improving physical performance, and 5MMSG before competition is recommended for athletes and coaches to get more performance.Öğe The Acute Effect of High-Intensity Functional Exercises on Circadian Rhythm and Anaerobic Performance Parameters(2022) Eken, Özgür; Bayer, Ramazan; Bayrakdaroğlu, SerdarKickboxing is a sport that involves high intensity and short intervals. High intensity functional training can contribute to training kickboxers specific to the competition. The purpose of this study is to examine the acute effect of high-intensity functional exercises on circadian rhythm and anaerobic performance parameters. The study consisted of 15 volunteer male kickboxers (age, 20.67± 1.23 years; height, 173.60± 3.18 cm; 69, 20±2.67 kg; BMI 23.03±.49) between the ages of 18-25. The research protocol consisted of multimodal HIFT exercises performed at different times of the day. After HIFT protocol; T-line agility, vertical jump, average and peak power data were obtained from the volunteers at different times of day (09.00 am; 01.00 pm; 05.00 pm). There was find statistically significant difference between vertical jump [F(1,145)= 129.54 p=.000, partial eta square:,902], peak power values [F(1,275)= 122.89 p=.000, partial eta square:,898], average power values [F(1,139)= 124.23 p=.000, partial eta square:,899], T- line agility times [F(1,925)= 39,227 p=.000, partial eta square:,737] after HIFT in the morning, afternoon and evening protocols (p< 0.05). The best scores were obtained in the evening (05.00 pm) values for all parameters. It was determined that HIFT had better effect on vertical jump, average power, peak power and T-line agility in the evening than morning and afternoon hours.Öğe Acute effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, massage and combine protocols on flexibility,vertical jump and hand grip strength performance in kickboxers(Iermakov S S, 2022) Eken, Ozgur; Bayer, RamazanBackground and Study Aim Strength, power and flexibility are among the features that provide advantage against the opponent in kick boxers. There are many factors that can affect the development of these parameters in a positive and negative way before the competition. These factors may differ according to the type and intensity of warm-up and stretching exercises, depending on psychological and physiological conditions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching, massage, PNF+massage on flexibility, vertical jump and hand grip strength performance in kickboxers. Material and Methods The sample group of the study consisted of 12 men (age: 18.50 +/- 0.97 years, height: 161.60 +/- 4.47 cm, body weight: 62.20 +/- 9.07 kg, BMI: 23.77 +/- 2.63), who did kick-box regularly for at least 3 years. This group performed 4 different stretching and warm up protocols on non-consecutive days. Warm up and stretching protocols were determined as follows: light jogging for only 5 minutes (NSM), PNF stretching (PNF), massage (M), PNF stretching+massage (PNF+M). After warm up and stretching protocols, participants completed vertical jump, flexibility and hand grip strength. Results There was a significant improvement on flexibility performance in order from low to high respectively NSM, PNF, PNF+M, M. Moreover, there was a significant difference between NSM and PNF, NSM and M, NSM and PNF+M in flexibility (p<.05). There was a significant difference between PNF and PNF+M, M and PNF+M in favour of PNF+M in vertical jump (p<.05). There was a significant decrease in right- and left-hand grip strength for all protocols. Conclusions As a result of the study, PNF and massage can be recommended to kickboxers before flexibility performance. However, PNF and massage are not recommended before activities that affect the lower extremity, such as strength and vertical jump.Öğe Effect of different specific warm-up protocols and time of day on optimum power performance in kickboxers(2023) Bayer, Ramazan; Nobari, Hadi; Eken, Özgür; Bayrakdaroğlu, Serdar; Koç, Hürmüz; Pardos, Elena Mainer; Yağın, Fatma HilalNumerous variables can affect performance before the competition. Nevertheless, it could be a subject of curiosity to find out whether a warm-up strategy has a more positive effect on the power performance of kickboxers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of different specific warm-up protocols and time of day on optimum power performance in kickboxers. Ten volunteer males performed three different warm-up routines in random order. The warm-up protocols consisted of only 20 min for each group. The groups with low-intensity aerobic running (NSWU) and specific warm-ups (SWU-20m) performed 20-min protocols. The other group followed 10 minutes of jogging and 10 minutes of specific warm-up (SWU-10m). All groups followed the warm-up randomly at two different periods of the day (i.e. morning: 09:00-10:00 and evening: 16:00-17:00) on non-consecutive days. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of Mean Propulsion (W) (F=3.518; p2=0.036). There was a statistically significant difference in Mean propulsive Power (W) between NSWU and SWU-10m (p3= 0.0007) in addition there was also a statistically significant difference in SWU-10m and SWU-20m (p3= 0.0106) and, NSWU and SWU-20m (p3= 0.415) protocols. In conclusion, mean propulsion (W) performance showed diurnal variation, and performances of the kickboxers’ can be affected more positively in the evening hours, especially after SWU protocols.Öğe The Effects of Different Stretching Techniques Used in Warm-Up on the Triggering of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement in Soccer Players(Mdpi, 2024) Kurak, Kemal; Ilbak, Ismail; Stojanovic, Stefan; Bayer, Ramazan; Purenovic-Ivanovic, Tijana; Palka, Tomasz; Ambrozy, TadeuszThe aim of this research was to investigate the effects of different stretching techniques used during warm-up exercises prior to post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) on the explosive lower extremity strength performance of soccer players. This cross-sectional study involved the participation of 13 male soccer players with an average age of 22.38 +/- 1.75, body height of 174.38 +/- 3.94, and body mass of 72.30 +/- 4.13. To determine the participants' maximal strength performance, one repeated maximal strength (1-RM) squat exercise was applied. The PAPE protocol was then implemented with a squat exercise consisting of three repetitions at 80% of 1-RM. The warm-up protocols consisted of 5 min of cycling, followed by dynamic stretching, static stretching, or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises. These protocols were applied on four different days with a 72 h interval. A vertical jump test was conducted to measure the participants' explosive strength performance. The research data were analyzed using IBM Statistics (SPSS version 26.0, Armonk, NY, USA) software. The findings of this study revealed statistically significant differences in vertical jump performance values after PAPE among participants based on the different stretching techniques used during warm-up (p = 0.00). In this context, the research concluded that dynamic stretching is the optimal stretching technique during warm-up exercises before PAPE to maximize its effects. On the other hand, static stretching was found to negatively affect performance by absorbing the PAPE effect.Öğe Effects of Swedish Massage at Different Times of the Day on Dynamic and Static Balance in Taekwondo Athletes(Mdpi, 2024) Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Eken, Ozgur; Bayer, Ramazan; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Kizilet, Tuba; Kayhan, Recep Fatih; Ardigo, Luca PaoloThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of different durations of Swedish massage on the static and dynamic balance at different times of the day in taekwondo athletes. Twelve taekwondo athletes who had been practicing on a regular basis for more than 5 years participated in this study. Taekwondo athletes completed static and dynamic balance tests either after a no-massage protocol (NMP), a five-minute massage protocol (5MMP), a ten-minute massage protocol (10MMP), or a fifteen-minute massage protocol (15MMP) two times a day in the morning (08:00-12:00) and in the evening (16:00-20:00), on non-consecutive days. The findings of this study suggest that the duration of the massage has a discernible impact on dynamic balance, particularly with regard to the right foot. Taekwondo athletes who received a 10MMP or 15MMP displayed significantly improved dynamic balance compared to those in the NMP. Importantly, these improvements were independent of the time of day when the massages were administered. It underscores the potential benefits of incorporating short-duration Swedish massages into taekwondo athletes' pre-competition routines to enhance dynamic balance. These findings highlight the potential benefits of incorporating short-duration Swedish massages into taekwondo athletes' pre-competition routines to enhance dynamic balance, a critical component of their performance, regardless of the time of day.Öğe Farklı aromaterapi yağları ile yapılan masajın yorgunluk ve uyku kalitesine etkisi(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2021) Bayer, RamazanAmaç: Bu çalışma farklı aromaterapi yağları ile yapılan masajın yorgunluk ve uyku kalitesine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmanın evrenini Malatya ilinde yaşayan atletizm branşında faal sporcular oluşturdu. Arştırmanın örneklemini 18-25 yaş aralığında aktif olarak atletizm sporu yapan 24 erkek sporcu oluşturdu. Araştırmaya katılan sporcular rastgele deney ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere eşit sayıda iki gruba ayrıldı. Araştırmada üç farklı masaj protokolü uygulandı ve her protokol arası 15 gün dinlenme aralığı verildi. Masaj protokolünde deney grubuna egzersiz sonrası, 24, 48 ve 72. saatlerde kan alımı öncesinde kayısı, lavanta ve sarı kantaron yağları ile masaj uygulandı. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak uyku kalitesini belirlemek amacıyla Fitbit Charge 3 akıllı bileklik cihazı kullanıldı. Kas hasarını belirlemek amacıyla altı farklı zamanda kan numuneleri alındı. Alınan numunelerden CK, IL-6, TNF-α ve LDH kan parametreleri analizleri edildi. Bulgular: Araştırmada deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan katılımcılarının egzersiz sonrası farklı zamanlarda CK, LDH, IL-6 ve TNF-α ortalamaları arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan deney grubu katılımcılarının kontrol grubu katılımcılarına göre REM ve derin uyku sürelerinin arttığı, uyanık kalma ve hafif uyku sürelerinin ise azaldığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda sporcularda egzersiz sonrası toparlanma sürecini hızlandırmak ve uyku kalitelerini arttırmak amacıyla masaj uygulamalarında kayısı, lavanta ve sarı kantaron yağlarının kullanılabileceği belirlendi. Ayrıca egzersiz sonrası toparlanma sürecini hızlandırmak ve uyku kalitesini arttırmak amacıyla lavanta yağının kayısı ve sarı kantaron yağına göre daha etkili olduğu belirlendi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Masaj, Aromaterapi, Yorgunluk, Uyku.Öğe Investigation of The Relationship Between Healthy Life Style Behaviors and Body Mass Index of University Students(2020) Düz, Serkan; Hürrem, Rabia; Sıngın, Özdurak; Bayer, RamazanAbstract: Aim: Obesity is one of the most important health problems in this century that affects many people of all ages and genders in the world. Particularly, the irregular eating habits of students, their orientation towards fast-foods and their sedentary lives are some of the reasons that trigger obesity as health problem. Therefore, more importance should be given to this topic and to get rid of obesity and lead a healthy life to prevent complications related to obesity in the population in adulthood. This study was carried out to determine the relationship between healthy lifestyle behaviors and body mass index of university students. Method: The sample of the study included 632 students from Inonu University in the 2017-2018 academic year. A 20-question personal information form, anthropometric measurements and Healthy Lifestyle Scale (HLSS) were used to collect data. The data was analyzed by using independent sample t-test, Mann Whitney-U test, one-way Analysis of Variance and Kruskal Wallis-H test. Results: The primary finding of the study is that inadequate physical activity and irregular dietary habits may affect stress level of the students. Moreover, when the relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and HLSS sub-dimensions of university students were analyzed, a statistically significant difference was found among BMI and sub-dimensions of dietary habits and health responsibility. Conclusion: It can be concluded that physical activity and balanced diet play key roles in health. To avoid obesity and related complications in adulthood, University students should avoid consuming fast-food and increase their physical activity levels during their youthÖğe Pes planus olan İnönü Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel uygunluk düzeyi, yaşam kalitesi ve benlik saygılarının değerlendirilmesi(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2017) Bayer, RamazanAmaç: Pes planus olan İnönü Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel uygunluk düzeyi, yaşam kalitesi ve benlik saygılarının değerlendirilmesi ve bu durumun birbiri ile olan ilişkisini belirlemektir. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma kesitsel tarama modelinde bir çalışmadır. Araştırmaya 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde Malatya İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören pes planus olan 134 erkek ve 134 kadın katılmıştır. Araştırmada SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi Belirleme Ölçeği ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde SPSS 24.0 istatistik programı kullanılmıştır. Compute veriable ile ölçeklerin alt boyutları hesaplanmış ve Bağımsız Örneklem T Testi kullanılarak cinsiyetler arası karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Ölçekler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için İki Değişkenli Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin UFAA'ya göre hesaplanan haftalık enerji tüketiminin erkekler (1357,30244,85) ve kadınlarda (1298,20243,14) en fazla hafif (met-dk/hafta) düzeyde ve anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiş, yaşam kaliteleri alt boyutları incelendiğinde ise; fiziksel fonksiyon, fiziksel rol, emosyonel rol, enerji, ruhsal, sosyal ve genel sağlık boyutlarında anlamlı fark bulunmadığı ancak yaşam kalitesi alt boyutu olan ağrıda ise (p>,018) anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Benlik saygısı ölçeğinden alınan puan ortalamasına göre bayan ve erkeklerin orta düzey benlik saygısına sahip olduğu ve iki grup arasındaki farkın anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Pes planus olan öğrencilerin fiziksel uygunluk düzeyi, yaşam kalitesi ve benlik saygısı olumsuz yönde etkilendiği, fiziksel uygunluktaki olumsuzluğun yaşam kalitesini ve benlik saygısını olumsuz yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Yapılacak daha büyük katılımlı pes planuslu çalışmalar ile bu bulgular karşılaştırılması düşünülmektedir.Öğe A Thirty-Minute Nap Enhances Performance in Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Tests during and after Ramadan Observance(Mdpi, 2022) Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Eken, Ozgur; Bayer, Ramazan; Salcman, Vaclav; Gabrys, Tomasz; Koc, Hurmuz; Yagin, BurakThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a 30 min nap (N30) on the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) both during and after Ramadan. Ten physically active kickboxers (age: 21.20 +/- 1.61 years, height: 174.80 +/- 4.34 cm, body mass: 73.30 +/- 7.10 kg and body mass index (BMI): 24.00 +/- 2.21 kg/m(2)) voluntarily performed the RAST test after an N30 and in a no-nap condition (NN) during two experimental periods: the last ten days of Ramadan (DR) and similar to 3 weeks after Ramadan (AR). During each DR-NN, DR-N30, AR-NN and AR-N30 protocol, kickboxers performed RAST performance. A statistically significant difference was found between Ramadan periods (DR vs. AR) in terms of max power (W) (F = 80.93; p(1) < 0.001; eta(2)(p) = 0.89), minimum power (W) (F = 49.05; p(1) < 0.001; eta(2)(p) = 0.84), average power (W) (F = 83.79; p(1) < 0.001; eta(2)(p) = 0.90) and fatigue index (%) results (F = 11.25; p(1) = 0.008; eta(2)(p) = 0.55). In addition, the nap factor was statistically significant in terms of the max power (W) (F = 81.89; p(2) < 0.001; eta(2)(p) = 0.90), minimum power (W) (F = 80.37; p(2) < 0.001; eta(2)(p) = 0.89), average power (W) (F = 108.41; p(2) < 0.001; eta(2)(p) = 0.92) and fatigue index (%) results (F = 16.14; p(2) = 0.003; eta(2)(p) = 0.64). Taking a daytime nap benefits subsequent performance in RAST. The benefits of napping were greater after an N30 opportunity for DR and AR.Öğe Warm up with music and visual feedback can effect Wingate performance in futsal players(Bmc, 2022) Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Eken, Oezgur; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Bayer, Ramazan; Gulu, Mehmet; Akyildiz, Zeki; Nobari, HadiPurpose: Visual feedback and music while warm up may help elicit peak performance, but its effect during the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) in futsal players is unexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of music and visual stimulus on WAnT performance in futsal players. Methods: The study included 17 young male futsal players (age, 21.53 +/- 1.32 years; height, 177.59 +/- 5.75 cm; 73.71 +/- 9.31 kg; BMI 23.342 +/- .47). The WAnT was administered using three distinct protocols: with music (M), without music (NM), and with music and visual feedback (MV) following a 10-min warm-up at 72-h intervals. After WAnT, the following parameters were evaluated: (a) peak power output: PPO (W), (b) relative peak power output: RPPO (W/kg), (c) mean power output: MPO (W), (d) relative mean power output: RMPO (W/kg), (e) fatigue index: FI (%), and (f) minimum power output MIPO (W). Results: MV indicated that futsal players' WAnT values, including PPO, RPPO, MPO, RMPO, and MIPO improved more than with other protocols (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between protocols for FI (%) WAnT values (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Listening to music and watching visual feedback while warm up before performing WAnT performance suggest to coaches and futsal players.
