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    Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Yttrium-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Ceramic Treated with Air Abrasion, Silica Coating, and Laser Irradiation
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2010) Akyil, Musa Samil; Uzun, Ismail Hakki; Bayindir, Funda
    Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of a resin cement to yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) surfaces treated with air abrasion, silica coating, or CO2, Er:YAG, or Nd:YAG laser irradiation, or irradiated by each laser after air abrasion. Background Data:Optimized methods are needed to improve the adhesive bonding between resin cement and Y-TZP ceramic. Methods:Twelve specimens were irradiated with each laser at different parameters and examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine which parameters to use in this study. One hundred forty-one Y-TZP discs were assigned to nine groups:C, no treatment; AA, air abrasion; CJ, silica coating; ER, Er:YAG laser; ND, Nd:YAG laser; CO, CO2 laser; AA+ER, air abrasion+Er:YAG laser; AA+ND, air abrasion+Nd:YAG laser; AA+CO, air abrasion+CO2 laser. The composite cylinders were fabricated. After the surface treatments, the specimens were silanized and composite cylinders were cemented with the resin cement. The shear bond strength test was performed after specimens were stored in water for 24 h and after thermocycling for 500 cycles. Results:The highest bond strength was obtained in the AA group and was similar to that of the CJ group. In C, ER, CO, ND, AA+ND, and AA+CO groups, the shear bond strengths were similar to each other according to the Duncan test results. The lowest bond value was obtained in the AA+ER group. Conclusion:Although air abrasion and silica coating were the most effective surface treatment methods, CO2 and Er:YAG laser irradiation alone or Nd:YAG laser irradiation after air abrasion may be used as an alternative treatment method to increase the bond strength between resin cement and Y-TZP material.
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    In vitro evaluation of long-term cytotoxic response of injection-molded polyamide and polymethyle metacrylate denture base materials on primary fibroblast cell culture
    (Informa Healthcare, 2013) Uzun, Ismail Hakki; Tatar, Abdulgani; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet; Saruhan, Fatih; Bayindir, Funda
    Objective. This study investigated the long-term cytotoxic response of thermoplastic polyamide and conventional polymethyle metacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials. Materials and ethods. Twenty discs were prepared for each polyamide, heat and cold cured PMMA denture base resins (totally 60) and divided into four sub-groups (n = 5). Cytotoxicity was assessed with the direct cell contact method using cell viability and neutral red (NR) uptake assay. Each sub-group was tested at initial and after being aged for 24 h, 1 week and 8 weeks with artificial saliva according to ISO 10993 standards. Results. There were no significantly difference among the materials and control groups after initial, 24 h and 1 week testing. In 24 h testing, only Deflex was more toxic according to the Control group (p < 0.05). After 8 weeks of aging with artificial saliva, all materials were significantly cytotoxic when compared to the control group. QC20 was more toxic than Deflex and SC Cold Cure (p < 0.05). There were significant differences between the 8 week aging group and the initial, 24 h and 1 week testing for all materials (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Cytotoxicity of all tested denture base materials increased significantly after the long-term aging. Therefore, long-term aging may be useful to determine a dental material's toxicity. Polyamide denture base material had a similar toxicity profile with conventional heat-and cold-cured PMMA.