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    A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Turkiye: The CAPTURE Study
    (Aves, 2022) Bayram, Fahri; Bayraktaroglu, Taner; Sargin, Mehmet; Sahin, Ibrahim; Guldiken, Sibel; Dalbeler, Aysegul; Sonmez, Alper
    Objective: The primary objective of the CAPTURE study was to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) across 13 countries from 5 continents. Here, we present the findings from Turkiye. Material and Methods: The non-interventional, cross-sectional CAPTURE study (NCT03811288; NCT03786406) was conducted across 15 centers in Turkiye. Standardized demographic and clinical data were collected from adults with T2DM who were treated by primary or specialist care physicians. The prevalences of CVD and its 7 subtypes were estimated. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: Amongst the 801 participants (n=200 from primary care, n=601 from specialist care) with T2DM enrolled, 250 had established CVD, an estimated weighted prevalence of 31.2% (28.0-34.4) 95% confidence interval. Atherosclerotic CVD contributed to the majority (85.6%) of the CVD cases. An estimated 24.0% of the Turkiye sample had coronary heart disease (CHD). Heart failure was the second most predominant CVD subtype in Turkiye is correct sample (5.4%), followed by cardiac arrhythmia and conduction abnormalities (4.7%). Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with cardiovascular (CV) benefits were prescribed to 17.5% and 0.1% of the patients, respectively. Conclusion: Approximately 30% of participants with T2DM had established CVD in the CAPTURE Turkiye population, comparable to the global pooled prevalence. CHD was the major contributor and encompassed approximately 75% of the CVD cases. The use of glucose-lowering medication with CV benefits was low compared to the global pooled population, which may be due to the lack of reimbursement of these medications in Turkiye.
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    Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna
    (Aves, 2022) Topaloglu, Omercan; Bayraktaroglu, Taner; Tekin, Sakin; Topaloglu, Seda Nur; Sahin, Ibrahim; Canturk, Zeynep
    Hyperostosis frontalis interna is the thickening of the inner layer of the frontal bone due to the formation of cancellous bone. In hyperostosis frontalis interna, nodular protrusions occur due to the formation of cancellous bone in the inner table of frontal bone. These nodular protrusions may be unilateral or on both sides of the midline but spare midline. Hyperostosis frontalis interna is associated with aging, obesity, menopause, or other endocrinopathies such as diabetes mellitus. The prevalence is shown to be 5%-12% in autopsy series or imaging-based studies. It may be classified according to the extensiveness and appearance of the lesion. The clinical significance is not clear, and hyperostosis frontalis interna is generally an incidental finding detected by imaging methods. But, sometimes headache, dural irritation, or brain atrophy may occur. Neurological or mental signs may be associated with hyperostosis frontalis interna. Underlying endocrinopathies ( acromegaly, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteopetrosis, fibrous dysplasia, or Paget's disease) or malignancies should be excluded. Treatment is supportive and needs to be planned against the underlying disease.