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Öğe Asidik boyaların poli(akrilamid-vinilimidazol) hidrojel kullanılarak atık sulardan giderimi(2019) Tosun, Emir; Boztepe, Cihangir; Baysar, Ahmet; Künkül, AsımÖz: Bu çalışmada, asidik bir boyarmadde olan Asit Mavi 193 (Isolan Dark Blue 2S-GL-03)’ün sulu çözeltiden yeni sentezlenen poli(AkrilamidVinilimidazol) (poli(AAm-VI)) hidrojeli kullanılarak kesikli sistemde adsorpsiyon ile giderimi incelenmiştir. Sentezlenen hidrojelin SEM, FTIR ve TGA yöntemleri ile karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon prosesi üzerine boyarmaddenin başlangıç derişimi, çözeltinin başlangıç pH değeri, hidrojel miktarı, temas süresi ve karıştırma hızının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hidrojel miktarı arttığı zaman adsorplanan boya miktarının arttığı belirlenmiştir. En fazla adsorpsiyon pH 1.5 değerinde meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir. Başlangıç Asit Mavi 193 boyar madde derişimi, çözeltinin başlangıç pH değeri, karıştırma hızı ve hidrojel miktarı sırasıyla 250 mg/L, 1.5, 600 rpm ve 2 g/L iken 90 dakika işlem süresi sonunda elde edilen giderim yüzdesi %99.8’dir. Boyarmaddenin poli(AAm-VI) hidrojeli ile arasındaki ilişkiyi ifade etmek için Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin ve Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorpsiyon izotermeleri kullanılmış ve kinetik analizleri yapılmıştır. Korelasyon katsayısının (R2) değeri, farklı modellerin en iyi model uyumu göstergesi olarak kullanılmış ve denge verilerinin R2’leri büyük olan Freundlich izoterm modeline ve yalancı ikinci mertebe kinetik modeline uyduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, poli (AAm-VI) hidrojelin, asidik boyalarının kirli sudan uzaklaştırılması için uygun bir sorbent olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştirÖğe Cu/Zn Oksit İkili Katalizörü Üretmek Amacıyla Malahit Cevherinin NH3/NH4NO3 Liçinde Optimum pH ve NH3 Derişiminin Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemiyle Belirlenmesi(2023) Tanaydın, Zümra Bakıcı; Demirkıran, Nizamettin; Baysar, AhmetBu çalışmada, bir hidrosikarbonat minerali olan malahit ve bir karbonatlı mineral olan simitsonit içeren bakır cevherinin hidrometalurjik yöntemle işlenmesi neticesinde Cu/Zn oksit ikili katalizörü üretilmiştir. Cevherden maksimum oranda bakır ve minimum oranda çinkonun liç çözeltisine geçmesini sağlayacak ancak cevherde bulunan diğer metallerin çözünmesini engelleyecek pH ve çözücü derişiminin optimum değerleri yanıt yüzey yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Yanıt yüzey yönteminde elde edilen deneysel bulgulara çoklu regresyon analizi yapılarak bakır ve çinko liç verimleri ile bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi gösteren ikinci dereceden model denklemler elde edilmiştir. Bakır ve çinko liç verimi üzerine NH3 derişiminin pH’dan daha etkili bir parametre olduğu belirlenmiştir. NH3 ve NH4NO3 derişimleri ile pH için optimum değerler sırasıyla 0,38 M, 0,11 M ve 9,80 olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum koşullarda cevherdeki bakırın %82,3’ünün çinkonun ise %45,1’inin çözeltiye geçtiği belirlenmiştir. Liç sonucunda elde edilen çözeltideki Cu+2 ve Zn+2 iyonları Na2CO3 çözeltisi ile çöktürülmüş ve oluşan katı ürün 350 °C’de 6 saat süreyle kalsine edilerek Cu/Zn oksit ikili katalizörü üretilmiştir. Katalizörün ağırlıkça bakır oksit içeriği yaklaşık %44 ve çinko oksit içeriği %56 olarak tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Cucurbitacin D Inhibits the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells and Induces Apoptosis by Modulating JAK/STAT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2022) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Tosun, Emir; Durhan, Merve; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, YusufBackground: Cucurbitacin D (CuD) is a natural compound that can be isolated in various plant families, mainly from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. (E. elaterium). It is a triterpenoid with a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anti-cancer properties. Hepatocellular carcinoma, the aggressive type of liver cancer, is an important public health problem worldwide. Objective: In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuD treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. Methods: CuD was isolated from the fruit juice of E. elaterium plant, and quantitative analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The cell viability effect of purified CuD was determined by the MTT test, and also cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest effects were determined by flow cytometry. DNA damage was evaluated with the comet test. Proteins and genes involved in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot and qRT-PCR. Results: CuD showed both antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line in a dose and time-dependent manner. It was observed that CuD induced apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle in HepG2 cells. It was observed that the expressions of genes and some proteins that play a key role in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades were dose-dependently down-regulated and led to activatation of the apoptotic pathway. Conclusion: All these results show promise that CuD may have a therapeutic effect in hepatocellular carcinoma.Öğe Cucurbitacin I exhibits anticancer efficacy through induction of apoptosis and modulation of JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in HepG2 cell line(Wiley-Hindawi, 2022) Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Tosun, Emir; Baysar, Ahmet; Turkoz, YusufHepatocellular carcinoma is a common cancer type, especially among men. Although cucurbitacin I (CuI), widely found in plants belonging to the Ecballium elaterium (E. L) plant family, has been shown to have antitumorigenic properties in many cancer types, its anticancer effect, molecular mechanism, and apoptotic effect mediated by signal pathways on hepatocellular carcinoma have not been fully clarified. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuI treated at different doses on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro. High-purity CuI was obtained from the E. elaterium plant with the aid of HPLC. The effects of this substance on the viability of cells were studied by the MTT assay. The effects of CuI on cell cycle progression and apoptosis were studied with flow cytometry. DNA breaks were analyzed by the Comet assay method. The proteins and genes involved in the JAK/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that CuI significantly reduced HepG2 cell growth in vitro, induced antiproliferation, and G2/M phase of the cell cycle was interrupted. Practical applications CuI administration was shown to downregulate the levels of proteins in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades in HepG2 cells. CuI also reduced the expression of MAPK, STAT3, mTOR, JAK2, and Akt genes in different concentrations. DNA breaks are formed as a result of this effect. CuI, by reducing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, was found to have potential as a chemotherapeutic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma.Öğe ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF CUCURBITACIN D AND I FROM ECBALLIUM ELATERIUM (L.) A. RICH FRUIT JUICE(Soc Chemists Technologists Madeconia, 2019) Tosun, Emir; Baysar, AhmetThe objective of this study was to develop a rapid, economic, and efficient method for simultaneous selective isolation, separation, and purification of cucurbitacin D and I from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich fruit juice via reversed-phase flash chromatography combined with HPLC. The chloroform extract of the fruit juice was fractionated with flash chromatography using a chloroform, acetone and methanol solvent combination at a 5 ml/min flow rate. Then, a validated HPLC method was utilized for purification of the two targeted cucurbitacins. Cucurbitacin D and I were collected automatically by the fraction collector. The fractions containing the same compounds were pooled and lyophilized. The purified cucurbitacin D and I compounds were identified by NMR, LC-MS, and UV spectra analysis. The results suggest that the applied procedure is simple, quick, and highly efficient. The HPLC method was found to be linear, accurate, precise and rugged for the quantification of the cucurbitacins studied.Öğe Kukurbitazin I'in Anti Kanserojen Etkisinin Karaciğere Metastaz Yapmış CC531 Rat Modelinde Araştırılması(2014) Eyol, Ergül; Baysar, Ahmet; Türköz, Yusuf; Tosun, Emir[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Reductive leaching of pyrolusite ore by using sawdust for production of manganese sulfate(Pleiades Publishing Inc, 2012) Ekmekyapar, Ahmet; Asin, Celal; Demirkiran, Nizamettin; Kunkul, Asim; Baysar, Ahmet; Ceylan, KadimManganese compounds, such as manganese sulfate, can be obtained from pyrolusite, a manganese ore. Low-grade manganese ores is usually treated by hydrometallurgical methods. In this study, the leaching and recovery of manganese from pyrolusite ore in sulfuric acid solutions containing sawdust as reducing agent was investigated. The effects of experimental parameters, such as sulfuric acid concentration, sawdust amount, solid-to-liquid ratio, stirring speed, particle size, reaction temperature, and leaching time, on the manganese extraction from ore were examined. The results showed that the leaching rate of pyrolusite ore increased with an increasing sulfuric acid concentration, sawdust amount, stirring speed, reaction temperature and leaching time, and decreasing in solid to liquid ratio and particle size. The kinetic analysis of leaching process was carried out, and it was determined that the reaction rate was controlled by diffusion through the product layer under the experimental conditions in this work. The activation energy was found to be 22.35 kJ mol(-1). Manganese can be recovered as manganese sulfate by the evaporative crystallization of the purified leach liquor.
