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    Benzimidazole-functionalized PEPPSI type Pd(II)NHC complexes bearing nitrophenylethyl and hidroxyphenylethyl group: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and it's catalytic activity on direct arylation reaction
    (Elsevier, 2021) Caglilar, Tuba; Behcet, Ayten; Celepci, Duygu Barut; Aktas, Aydin; Gok, Yetkin; Aygun, Muhittin
    This study contains synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, and catalytic activity of the new two series PEPPSI (Pyridine Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation, Stabilization and Initiation) type Pd(II)NHC complexes nitrophenylethyl and hidroxyphenylethyl groups. All complexes were prepared from the nitrophenylethyl and hidroxyphenylethyl substitute benzimidazolium salts, palladium chloride (PdCl2) and 3-chloropyridine. The structures of all PEPPSI type Pd(II)NHC complexes have been fully characterized by using NMR (H-1 and C-13), FTIR spectroscopic method, and elemental analysis techniques. Also, the single-crystals of four of these complexes were examined by utilizing by the X-ray diffraction method. Also, the catalytic activity of the nitrophenylethyl and hidroxyphenylethyl substituted benzimidazole-functionalized PEPPSI type Pd(II)NHC complexes on the direct arylation reaction were examined. It has been observed that among these complexes, those bearing electron-donor groups (hydroxyphenylethyl) are more active catalysts than those bearing electron-withdrawing groups (nitrophenylethyl) for direct arylation reactions. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    New palladium complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene and morpholine ligands: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, molecular docking, and biological activities
    (Wiley, 2024) Behcet, Ayten; Taslimi, Parham; Sen, Betul; Taskin-Tok, Tugba; Aktas, Aydin; Gok, Yetkin; Aygun, Muhittin
    This work includes the synthesis of a new series of palladium-based complexes containing both morpholine and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. The new complexes were characterized using NMR (1H and 13C), FTIR spectroscopic, and elemental analysis techniques. The crystal structure of complex 1b was obtained by utilizing the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. X-ray studies show that the coordination environment of palladium atom is completed by the carbene carbon atom of the NHC ligand, the nitrogen atom of the morpholine ring, and a pair of bromide ligand, resulting in the formation of slightly distorted square planar geometry. All complexes were determined for some metabolic enzyme activities. Results indicated that all the synthetic complexes exhibited powerful inhibitory actions against all aims as compared to the control molecules. Ki values of new morpholine-liganded complexes bearing 4-hydroxyphenylethyl group 1a-e for hCA I, hCA II, AChE, BChE, and alpha-glycosidase enzymes were obtained in the ranges 0.93-2.14, 1.01-2.03, 4.58-10.27, 7.02-13.75, and 73.86-102.65 mu M, respectively. Designing of reported complexes is impacted by molecular docking study, and interaction with the current enzymes also proclaimed that compounds 1e (-12.25 kcal/mol for AChE and -11.63 kcal/mol for BChE), 1c (-10.77 kcal/mol and -9.26 kcal/mol for alpha-Gly and hCA II, respectively), and 1a (-8.31 kcal/mol for hCA I) are showing binding affinity and interaction from the synthesized five novel complexes.
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    New PEPPSI-Pd-NHC complexes bearing 4-hydroxyphenylethyl group: Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, and bioactivity properties
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2022) Behcet, Ayten; Taslimi, Parham; Gok, Yetkin; Aktas, Aydin; Taskin-Tok, Tugba; Gulcin, Ilhami
    Five 4-hydroxyphenylethyl substituted pyridine enhanced, precatalyst, preparation, stabilization, and initiation-Pd-N-heterocyclic carbene (PEPPSI-Pd-NHC) complexes are synthesized in a straightforward way. All PEPPSI-Pd-NHC complexes were prepared by mixing 4-hydroxyphenylethyl substituted NHC precursors, palladium chloride, potassium carbonate, and potassium bromide in pyridine. All complexes were screened for human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I) and hCA II, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and alpha-glucosidase (alpha-Glu) inhibitory activities. The ChE inhibitory activities of the new PEPPSI-Pd-NHC complexes bearing the 4-hydroxyphenylethyl group (12-e) against alpha-Glu, AChE, and BChE were determined by the Tao and Ellman methods. The results indicated that all the synthetic complexes exhibited potent inhibitory activities against all targets as compared to the standard inhibitors, revealed by IC50 values. The K-i values of the new PEPPSI-Pd-NHC complexes 1a-e for hCA I, hCA II, AChE, BChE, and alpha-Glu were obtained in the ranges of 18.98-32.65, 22.95-38.13, 3.67-11.65, 4.09-9.36, 186.92-287.45 mu M, respectively. Among the synthesized complexes, the most potent complexes were 1c toward hCA I and II with K-i values 18.98 and 22.95 mu M, and 1d toward AChE and BChE with K-i = 3.67 and 4.09 mu M, respectively.
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    Novel silver(I)N-heterocyclic carbene complexes bearing 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group: Synthesis, characterization, and enzyme inhibition properties
    (Wiley, 2021) Behcet, Ayten; Aktas, Aydin; Gok, Yetkin; Kaya, Ruya; Taslimi, Parham; Gulcin, Ilhami
    Herein, novel silver-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes bearing 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group were synthesized. Novel Ag(I)NHC complexes were synthesized from the 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl-substituted benzimidazolium salts and silver oxide via in situ deprotonation method. The successful formation of all Ag(I)NHC complexes was proved by using H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. In addition, their inhibitory effects have been investigated of these substances on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alpha-glycosidase (alpha-Gly), human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I), and human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzymes. It has been seen that all compounds have a better ability to inhibit compared with existing tried inhibitors. Among these, the best inhibitor against AChE enzyme is 1g (K-i : 9.54 +/- 0.98 mu M and IC50 : 17.40), and against alpha-Gly, 1c showed the highest effect (K-i 3.09 +/- 0.36 mu M and IC50 7.91). The best inhibitor against hCA I and hCA II enzymes are 1c and 1g compounds. For hCA I and hCA II, IC50 values were calculated as 17.85 and 9.06 mu M and K-i values were measured as 5.45 +/- 2.02 and 8.99 +/- 2.02 mu M, respectively.
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    Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl Substituted Benzimidazole Bromide Salts: Their inhibitory properties against carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Behcet, Ayten; Caglilar, Tuba; Celepci, Duygu Barut; Aktas, Aydin; Taslimi, Parham; Gok, Yetkin; Aygun, Muhittin
    This paper reports the synthesis of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl substituted benzimidazolium salts. The benzimidazolium salts were synthesized by N-substituted benzimidazolium and aryl halides. The 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl substituted benzimidazolium salts were characterized by using H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis techniques. Molecular and crystal structure of the complex 2d and 3d were obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. Additionally, The enzyme inhibition activities of the benzimidazolium salts were investigated. These 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl substituted benzimidazolium salts (1, 2a-g, and 3a-f) showed good inhibitory action against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms I, and II. Ki values for AChE were in range of 5.97 +/- 0.56 -23.15 +/- 3.98 nM. On the other hand, the hCA I, and II isoenzymes were effectively inhibited by these compounds, with K-i values in the range of 17.33 +/- 4.55-99.23 +/- 44.91 nM for hCA I, and 33.98 +/- 3.43 -113.23 +/- 39.31 nM for hCA II, respectively. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.