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Assessment of embryotoxic effects of cadmium, lead and copper on Xenopus laevis
(2010) Güngördü A.; Birhanli A.; Ozmen M.
This work evaluated the effects of selected metals on embryos using Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay- Xenopus (FETAX). Besides FETAX parameters, changes in several biomarkers were studied as early signs of intoxication on Xenopus laevis tadpoles. The acute effects of metals were investigated by using the activity of the enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotranferase, and alanine aminotranferase. In the FETAX test, 96-h LC50s were determined as 1.6 mg/L, 96.1 mg/L, and 1.37 mg/L for Cd, Pb, and Cu, respectively. Also, teratogenic index (TI) of each metal was estimated as 1.1, 1.22, and 0.52 for Cd, Pb, and Cu, respectively. The TI showed that tested metals were not teratogenic in X. laevis embryos according to ASTM values. The comparison of selected metals on selected enzyme activities was expected to give useful indications for the proper use of biochemical responses as biomarkers. © by PSP.