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    Clinical Performance of Nanofilled and Microhybrid Direct Composite Restorations on Endodontically Treated Teeth
    (Dennis Barber Ltd, 2019) Akalin, Tugba Toz; Bozkurt, Funda Ozturk; Tuncer, Aysun Kara; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Ozcan, Mutlu
    This study evaluated the clinical performance of direct restorations made of nanofilled and microhybrid resin composites in endodontically treated teeth. Twenty patients (11 males, 9 females; mean age: 34.2 +/- 10) that met the inclusion criteria received a total of 48 restorations. After employing etch-and-rinse adhesive system, one dentist placed all restorations using either a nanofilled (Filtek Ultimate) or microhybrid (Filtek Z250) resin composite. The restorations were clinically reviewed at baseline, 6 months, and up to 2 years using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The changes were analyzed using the McNemar test and marginal homogeneity tests (p< 0.05). The mean observation period was 17.4 months. With respect to color match, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, and surface texture, no significant differences were found between the two restorative materials (p> 0.05). Most restorations yielded alpha or bravo scores with respect to the evaluation criteria. Five restorations failed due to chipping up to 2 years (1 microhybrid at 6 m, and 3 at 2 years; 1 nanofilled at 2 y) and were repaired. One complete replacement and one extraction due to endodontic complications were needed for 2 microhybrid resin group at 2 years.
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    The effect of bulk-fill flowable composites on the fracture resistance and cuspal deflection of endodontically treated premolars
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Toz, Tugba; Tuncer, Safa; Bozkurt, Funda Ozturk; Tuncer, Aysun Kara; Bag, Harika Gozukara
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bulk-fill flowable composites on cuspal deflection and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Forty-two maxillary premolars were subjected to endodontic treatment followed by the preparation of mesioocclusodistal cavities. Teeth were divided into six groups according to restorative materials as follows: Group 1: Clearfil Majesty Flow and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 2: Venus Bulk Fill and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 3: Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 4: Vertise Flow and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 5: SDR and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; and Group 6: x-tra base and Clearfil Majesty Posterior. A single-step self-etch adhesive (OptiBond All-in-One) was applied to all groups, except Group 4. The cavities were restored with a centripetal incremental insertion technique and flowable composites using a 2-mm-thick base material, except for Group 3. The distance between cusp tips was measured before and after the cavity preparations, after the restorations, and after thermal cyclus with a digital micrometer. After measuring, each tooth was subjected to compressive loading with a stainless steel ball (4mm diameter) perpendicular to the occlusal surface with a crosshead speed of 1mm/min, and mean loads necessary to fracture were recorded in Newtons. The data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in fracture strength or cuspal deflections (p>0.05). Bulk-fill flowable composite bases did not change the cuspal deflection or fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, compared with that of a conventional flowable base and conventional resin composite.