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    Depressive and Anxious Temperaments in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Secondary to Tendon Injury
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Batmaz, Ibrahim; Dilek, Banu; Sariyildiz, Mustafa Akif; Erbatur, Serkan; Bez, Yasin; Yazmalar, Levent; Bozkurt, Mehtap
    Objective: To determine the affective temperaments and somatoform amplification of the symptoms and its relation with the complex regional pain syndrome [CRPS] in patients who had tendon injuries of the forearm and hand. Methods: Sixty-seven patients [60 males, 7 females] with a forearm or hand tendon injury were enrolled in the present study. The patients were divided into two groups: CRPS and non-CRPS. The patients' pain levels within the last 48 hours were assessed using the visual analog scale [VAS]. The temperament of the patients was evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Auto questionnaire [TEMPS-A]. Their anxiety levels were evaluated with the help of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]. The depression assessment was performed using the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]. The Somato sensory Amplification Scale [SSAS] was employed for the evaluation of the somatoform disorders. Results: The mean age of the patients was 26.21 +/- 8.01 years [age range: 18 to 57 years]. Among the patients 24 [35.8%] had developed CRPS. When the patients with and without CRPS were compared in terms of their psychological scores, the STAI-II and BDI scores were observed to be significantly deteriorated in the CRPS group in comparison to the non-CRPS group [p<0.05]. Among the TEMPS-A subtypes, anxious [16.7%] and depressive [41.7%] temperaments were more dominant in the CRPS group and the ratio was significantly more deteriorated than the non-CRPS group [p<0.05]. No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the SSAS scores [p>0.05]. Conclusion: The present study is the first one evaluating the affective temperaments of CRPS patients with tendon injury, and the main findings point out that depressive and anxious temperaments are the most common dominant affective temperaments among our patients.
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    mRNA Expression Profile of SFKs and Involvement of SFKs in the Regulation of LPS-Induced Erk1/2 Signaling in PBMCs of Active BD Patients
    (Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2019) Irtegun-Kandemir, Sevgi; Icen-Taskin, Irmak; Bozkurt, Mehtap; Kalkanli-Tas, Sevgi
    Background: Behcet's Disease (BD) is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder affecting large vessels, lungs joints, gastrointestinal and neurological systems. The pathogenesis of BD remains poorly understood. Identifying the key signaling pathway is crucial for a complete understanding of the pathogenesis of BD. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine mRNA expression level of Src family kinases (SFKs) members and their involvement in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) regulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of active BD patients. Methods: Twenty- five active BD patients and twenty-five healthy controls were included in the study. PBMCs were isolated from total blood by density gradient centrifugation. The mRNA expression levels of SFKs members were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The effect of SFKs activity on LPS-induced activation MAPKs (Erk1/2, p38 and JNK) was examined by Western blot. Results: The mRNA expression levels of Hck, Src, Lyn, Yes and Fyn were found to be slightly decreased in active BD patients compared to the control subjects, but a slight change in mRNA level of SFKs members did not impact on protein levels and protein activity. LPS-induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation was significantly increased in the absence of SFKs activity in active BD patients. However, inhibition of SFKs activity had no effect on LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK in both controls and active BD patients. Conclusion: SFKs downregulate LPS-induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation in PBMCs of active BD patients.