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    Comparison of Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Cisplatin and Novel Platinum-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex in Male Rats
    (Wiley, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Beytur, Ali; Cakir, Oguz; Gurbuz, Nevin; Vardi, Nigar
    Cisplatin and other platinum complexes are important chemotherapeutic agents and useful in the treatment for several cancers such as prostate, ovarian and testis. However, severe side effects including reproductive toxicity of cisplatin and other platinum complex cause limitations in their clinical usage. In this context, we aimed to compare the damage in testis caused by cisplatin and a novel platinum-N-heterocyclic carbene complex (Pt-NHC). To this end, 35 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five equal groups (n = 7 in each group). Cisplatin and Pt-NHC were intraperitoneally administered as a single dose of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg, and the rats were then killed 10 days after this treatment. The testicular tissues and serum samples were taken from all rats for the determination of reproductive toxicity. The results showed that cisplatin and Pt-NHC caused toxicity on the reproductive system via increased oxidative and histological damage, decreased serum testosterone levels and negatively altered sperm characteristics in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). At the same dose levels, cisplatin generally caused lower toxicity on the reproductive system compared with Pt-NHC. In conclusion, these results suggest that Pt-NHC has more toxic effects on the male reproductive system than cisplatin, and in terms of clinical usage, Pt-NHC may be unsafe compared with cisplatin.
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    The determination of oxidative damage in heart tissue of rats caused by ruthenium(II) and gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Cakir, Oguz; Demir, Serpil
    In the present study, we aimed to determine the oxidative damage in rat heart tissue induced by ruthenium(II)-NHC (Ru) and gold(I)-NHC (Au) complexes which have anticarcinogenic effects and not used clinically yet. For this purpose, 35 Sprague-Dawley ratswere randomly divided into 5 equal groups. In the control group, rats treated with saline, Ru and Au complexes were intraperitoneally given high (10 mg/kg) and low (5 mg/kg) doses as only one administration. The animals were killed, and heart tissues were taken on day 10 of the drug administration for the determination of the biochemical parameters (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and catalase levels). It was determined that both Ru and Au complexes treatment significantly caused oxidative damage compared to the control group. Additionally, it was shown that Au treatment causedmore adverse effects than Ru treatment. Also, it was clearly found that the occurred effects were generally determined in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, when these compounds synthesized for the treatment of cancer were used, they caused oxidative damage in heart tissue. However, Ru complex could be preferred for cancer treatment in terms of user safety.
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    Role of propolis on biochemical parameters in kidney and heart tissues against L-NAME induced oxidative injury in rats
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2014) Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Ciftci, Osman; Cakir, Oguz; Gulhan, Mehmet Fuat; Pasaoglu, Oguz Murat
    Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial NO synthase, is recognised as a central antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic principle in the vasculature. Epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated that a growing list of natural products, as components of the daily diet or phytomedical preparations, may improve vascular function by enhancing NO bioavailability. In this article, we investigated antioxidant effects of propolis on biochemical parameters in kidney and heart tissues of acute NO synthase inhibited rats by N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). There was increase (p < 0.001) in the activities of catalase and malondialdehyde levels in the L-NAME treatment groups when compared with control rats, but NO levels were decreased in both kidney and heart tissues. There were statistically significant changes (p < 0.001) in these parameters of L-NAME + propolis treated rats as compared with L-NAME-treated group. In summary, propolis may influence endothelial NO production.
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    Role of Propolis on Oxidative Stress in Fish Brain
    (Iran Univ Medical Sciences, 2013) Kakoolaki, Shapour; Talas, Zeliha Selamoglu; Cakir, Oguz; Ciftci, Osman; Ozdemir, Ilknur
    Introduction: Cypermethrin causes its neurotoxic effect through voltage-dependent sodium channels and integral protein ATPases in the neuronal membrane. Brain and nerve damage are often associated with low residual level of pesticides. In vitro and in vivo studies have also shown that pesticides cause free radical-mediated tissue damage in brain. Propolis has antioxidant properties. The main chemical classes found in propolis are flavonoids and phenolics. Bioflavonoids are antioxidant molecules that play important roles in scavenging free radicals, which are produced in neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Methods: To determine the protective role of propolis, rainbow trouts were treated with cypermethrin, followed by biochemical analyses of brain tissue. Fish were divided into four groups: control, propolis-treated, cypermethrin-treated, and cypermethrin+propolis-treated. Results: In fish brains, catalase (CAT) activity decreased (P=0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased (P=0.001) in cypermethrin-treated group compared to control group. In cypermethrin+propolis-treated group CAT activity increased (P=0.001) and MDA level decreased (P=0.001) compared to cypermethrin group. Discussion: The results demonstrated that the negative effects, observed as a result of cypermethrin treatment, could be reversed by adding supplementary propolis. Propolis may improve some biochemical markers associated with oxidative stress in fish brain, after exposure to cypermethrin.
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    ROLE OF PROPOLIS ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN VARIOUS TISSUES OF FISH
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2014) Aldemir, Osman Selcuk; Selamoglu, Zeliha; Gulhan, Mehmet Fuat; Cakir, Oguz; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Dastan, Sevgi Durna; Dogan, Husnu
    The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of propolis on biochemical parameters in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to cypermethrin. Cypermethrin is a potential toxic pollutant that directly threats the aquatic ecosystems and environment. Sublethal cypermethrin concentration of 0.0082 ppm was applied to the fish for 96 h. Propolis is a natural product collected from plants by honey bees. Its polyphenolic components, caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoids in particular, are matter of interest because of their strong antioxidant properties. Therapeutic concentration of propolis has been determined as 10 ppm in a previous study. Herein, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in spleen and heart tissues of rainbow trouts. Results showed that CAT activities and MDA levels increased (P <= 0.001) in tissues of fish exposed to cypermethrin compared to control group. CAT activities and MDA levels in the tissues of fish decreased in cypermethrin+propolis group (P <= 0.001) compared to cypermethrin group. Propolis (10 ppm) on the tissues of the rainbow trout showed significant therapeutic effects. Propolis may serve as an antitoxic agent against pesticide toxicity to aquatic animals.