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    Preparation of Sn doped nanometric TiO2 powders by reflux and hydrothermal syntheses and their characterization
    (Springer, 2011) Kiraz, Nadir; Burunkaya, Esin; Kesmez, Omer; Camurlu, Hasan Erdem; Asilturk, Meltem; Yesil, Zerin; Arpac, Ertugrul
    Hydrothermal and reflux synthesis methods were utilized for the preparation of 5% Sn doped TiO2 nanopowders. Obtained powders were subjected to particle size and specific surface area measurements, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses and transmission electron microscopy examination. TiO2 powder prepared by hydrothermal synthesis presented a bimodal particle size distribution with average particle sizes of about 3 and 10 nm, whereas TiO2 powder synthesized by reflux method had an average particle size of 7 nm. Specific surface areas of hydrothermal and reflux synthesized TiO2 were 130 and 115 m(2)/g, respectively. Sn doping in TiO2 was 95.8% in hydrothermal and 86.4% in reflux synthesis as measured by FAAS, respectively. Photocatalytic activities of the obtained TiO2 powders were evaluated by decomposition of malachite green solution in a solar box. Photocatalytic activity of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 was fairly higher in visible light and slightly higher in UV light than the activity of reflux synthesized TiO2.
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    Sol-gel thin films with anti-reflective and self-cleaning properties
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2012) Camurlu, Hasan Erdem; Kesmez, Omer; Burunkaya, Esin; Kiraz, Nadir; Yesil, Zerin; Asilturk, Meltem; Arpac, Ertugrul
    Self-cleaning photocatalytic TiO2 films are beneficial since they reduce the maintenance cost and enhance the efficiency of various optical systems, especially thermal and photovoltaic solar systems. However, the presence of a TiO2 layer on glass reduces the transmission of incident light, which leads to a decrease in efficiency. This drawback can be overcome by applying a layer of anti-reflective coating beneath the TiO2 layer. Generally, the anti-reflective layer is porous silica. The presence of the anti-reflective layer compensates for the loss of light transmittance caused by the photocatalytic TiO2 top layer. This paper reviews some of the previous and the latest fundamental studies in the literature on anti-reflective, self-cleaning and multi-functional films. (C) 2012 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences