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Öğe Kimmerle s anomaly posterior osseous bridging of atlas(Medicine Science | International Medical Journal, 2015) Şenol, Deniz; Canpolat, Mustafa; Ulutaş, Nihal Sümeyye; Çay, Mahmut; Çuğlan, Songül; Köse, Evren; Özbağ, DavutKimmerle’s anomaly is a rare and serious pathology of the 1st cervical vertebra, which may sometimes lead to hardly explicable changes in vertebrobasilar circulation. Also known as ponticulus posticus (PP), this phenomenon encircles the vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve and is associated with vertigo, vertebro-basilar insufficiency, neck pain, shoulder pain and cervicogenic headache symptoms. It can also lead to migraine as a result of its interaction with dura. As the knowledge of this variant by clinicians is important for obtaining a fast result in the treatment, it should also be taken into account in surgical approaches so as not to harm the vessels and nerves in this area.Öğe Unilateral atypic foramen ovale in dried human skull surgical importance of a rare bone variation(Medicine Science | International Medical Journal, 2015) Şenol, Deniz; Çay, Mahmut; Yılmaz, Nesibe; Canpolat, Mustafa; Köse, Evren; Özbağ, DavutForamen ovale (FO) serves as an important landmark for neurosurgeons in the surgical procedures of the trigeminal nerve. FO is the transition point between intracranial and extracranial structures. The information about anatomical variations of foramen ovale have surgical importance in different methods such as percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy, biopsy of cavernous sinus tumour and anaesthesia of the mandibular nerve. FO variation is quite rare. It is unknown by many researchers and clinicians. It is thought that divided FO variations emerge as a result of the ossification of pterygospinous ligament. Clinicians must know that such variation may occur in surgical operations on skull base.