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    Etiological characteristics and management of patients with epistaxis in Aksaray
    (2020) Cayir, Serkan; Mutlu, Huseyin; Sert, Ekrem Taha
    Aim: Epistaxis is a common condition in humans, particularly in patients with hypertension, and is one of the most common presenting symptoms in ear, nose, and throat emergency consultation. The present study aimed to examine the treatment and hospitalization characteristics of the patients who presented with epistaxis in Aksaray city and to propose an optimized and updated protocol.Material and Methods: The present study retrospectively evaluated 758 patients who presented with epistaxis to the Training and Research Hospital in Aksaray between January 2016 and February 2020. The patients were analyzed in terms of age, sex, seasonal characteristics, hospitalization rates, pathogenesis of epistaxis, sites of bleeding, and treatments.Results: The study included 349 females (46.1%) and 409 males (53.9%); mean patient age was 60.9 ± 9.3 years (range: 3–89 years). The most common comorbidity was hypertension (47.3%), and the most common site of bleeding was the anterior region including the Kiesselbach’s plexus (88.2%). Nasal packing (58.5%) and electrocauterization (29.9%) were performed in most cases. The treatment success was defined as no instance of re-visit by the patients to the hospital due to nasal bleeding within 24 h after the procedure; the treatment was successful in 698 patients (92.1%).Conclusion: Most cases of epistaxis are successfully treated using endoscopic electrocauterization on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is indicated if surgical intervention, posterior packing, or embolization is required and if deterioration of general condition is observed. The present study proposes an updated protocol optimized for the management of epistaxis.
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    Otolaryngological foreign bodies in a tertiary medical center in Turkey: A comparison of pediatric and adult patients
    (2019) Mutlu, Huseyin; Cayir, Serkan; Gul, Fatih
    Aim: The aim of the present research was to report on the characteristics of ear, nose, and throat foreign bodies in patients admitted to a tertiary medical center in Turkey and to analyze the extraction procedure, results, and complications.Material and Methods: A retrospective study conducted between August 2015 and May 2019 included 1042 patients referred to the emergency and otolaryngology department with ear, nose, and throat foreign bodies. The pediatric group included 612 cases, while the adult group included 430 cases. Sex, the type of foreign bodies, symptoms, extraction method, and complications were analyzed.Results: The most common foreign bodies were hard round objects frequently found in front of the middle turbine in the nose of children, while pieces of cotton buds were found in the outer ear canal in adults. In the pediatric group, the distribution of foreign bodies was 53.43% in boys and 46.57% in girls. Furthermore, the intervention was performed in three children (0.49%) admitted to the emergency department because of the organic foreign body escaping to the throat, as a result of which foreign bodies were removed. However, the prognosis for these patients was poor: a neurological sequela in one patient, death in two patients. In the adult group, the distribution of foreign bodies was 49.76% in males and 50.24% in females. No fatal cases were observed in this group. The ratio of foreign bodies removed under general anesthesia in the pediatric group was 3.43%, while it was 0.23% in the adult group, and the difference between them was statistically significant (p = 0.018). No statistical difference was observed between the groups with regard to complication rates (p>0.05). Conclusion: Otolaryngological foreign bodies are usually harmless, but they can cause infections and minor complications when they are overlooked or there is prolonged exposure, and these objects in the throat may be fatal, especially in children.
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    A retrospective clinical trial on nasal bone fractures admitted to a level three emergency room
    (2020) Mutlu, Huseyin; Cayir, Serkan; Sert, Ekrem Taha
    Aim: The anatomical location and protruding structure of the nasal bone can easily lead to fracture as a result of trauma. The high incidence rates have emphasized that the causes, treatments, and complications of these fractures should be investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate our treatment modalities and complications by reviewing the current information about such fractures.Material and Methods: A total of 582 patients presented with nasal bone fractures between January 2014 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Examination findings, patient records, and radiological examinations of fractures were analyzed in detail.Results: The age of the patients was between 2 and 83 years (mean age: 33.9 ± 6.11 years). The study included 451 (77.5%) males and 131 (22.5%) females. The most common etiologic factor was assault (35.7%). The most common postoperative complications included deformity (53 patients; 9.1%), nasal congestion (41 patients; 7.1%), and smell disorders (5 patients; 0.9%), with the complications increased with the severity of fracture.Conclusion: Reduction procedures are successfully performed within the first 2 weeks following nasal fractures, and if there is a suspicion of causing deformity in patients under observation, necessary surgical interventions should be performed.