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    Retinal nitric oxide and malonyldialdehyde levels following photodynamic therapy
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2011) Turkcuoglu, Peykan; Ozturkmen, Cem; Ilhan, Nevin; Kurt, Julide; Aydemir, Orhan; Celiker, Ulku; Ibrahim, Mohamed A.
    Background:To determine the retinal nitric oxide (NO) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels following photodynamic therapy (PDT). Materials and Methods:Seven Dutch-belted rabbits received dextrose, while seven others received 2 mg/kg verteporfin infusion over a period of 15 minutes in a dim-lit room. Irradiation to a 1.5 mm diameter intact chorioretinal area in the right eye of verteporfin-infused rabbits, was started 5 minutes after the end of infusion. Three groups were control (dextrose infusion), infusion with verteporfin (left eyes were not irradiated), and irradiation after verteporfin injection (right eyes were irradiated). On the fifth day of the experiment, the eyes were enucleated. The retinas were subsequently frozen and homogenized. Nitrite, a stable end-product of NO and MDA, was measured using the spectrophotometer. Protein concentrations were measured by the Lowry method. Tissue NO and MDA levels were expressed as mu mol/gprt and nmol/mgprt, respectively. Results:The mean retinal NO and MDA levels of the control, infusion, and irradiation groups were 24.67 +/- 6.66, 0.11 +/- 0.02; 45.90 +/- 15.52, 0.21 +/- 0.09; and 84.43 +/- 14.96 mu mol/gprt, 0.58 +/- 0.14 nmol/mgprt, respectively. The mean retinal NO levels were significantly elevated in the infusion and irradiation groups compared with the control group (P:0.004; P:0.001). The mean retinal MDA levels were significantly elevated in the infusion and irradiation groups compared to the control one (P:0.026; P:0.001). Also the mean retinal NO and MDA levels in the irradiation group were found to be significantly higher than the infusion group (P:0.018; P:0.018). Conclusion:Not only PDT, but also verteporfin infusion alone resulted in NO and MDA level increments in the retina, which might be toxic.
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    Spontaneous corneal perforation in a patient with lamellar ichthyosis and dry eye
    (Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2009) Turgut, Burak; Aydemir, Orhan; Kaya, Murat; Turkcuoglu, Peykan; Demir, Tamer; Celiker, Ulku
    We report spontaneous corneal perforation in a patient with lamellar ichthyosis. The patient presented with complaints of pain, redness, diminished vision, and discharge in her right eye for 15 days. Visual acuities were light perception in the right and 20/400 in the left eye. Cicatricial ectropion in both lower eyelids and 2 mm perforation site in the center of the right cornea were observed. Lamellar ichthyosis was suspected because of scaling and excessive dryness of entire body skin and was confirmed by skin biopsy. Amniotic membrane transplantation and transient tarsorraphy was performed and systemic anti-ichthyosis therapy was started. The follow-up visits were not possible because of patient inconsistency. In patients with cicatricial ectropion secondary to ichthyosis, corneal health should be closely monitored because of the perforation risk.