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    Effects of chronic ethanol consumption on ?-adrenergic-induced contractions and endothelium-dependent relaxations in rat thoracic aorta
    (Academic Press Ltd, 2000) Sahna, E; Kurcer, Z; Ozturk, F; Cengiz, N; Vardi, N; Birincioglu, M; Olmez, E
    The effects of chronic oral administration of ethanol (7.2% daily during 24 weeks) on the contractions induced by phenylephrine (Phe) and the endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) were studied in rat thoracic aorta. Ethanol pretreatment significantly attenuated the contractile responses to Phe, resulting in parallel shift of the concentration-response curve to the right. EC50 values of Phe were 64.6 +/- 11.2 and 95.5 +/- 8.5 nmol l(-1) in control and ethanol-fed rats, respectively. On the other hand, either calcium-induced contractions or relaxation responses to ACh and sodium nitroprusside were similar in the vessels of the control and ethanol-treated rats. These results suggest that chronic ethanol ingestion significantly attenuates the alpha(1)-adrenergic-induced contractions but does not affect the relaxation responses mediated by nitric oxide in rat aortic rings. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
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    Morphological and microscopical examination of the rat brachial plexus
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2001) Uzun, A; Cengiz, N; Kavakli, A; Karakas, S
    The rat brachial plexus was studied morphologically and the average numbers of the fascicles were studied by light microscope. For this purpose, we used 30 Wistar albino adult rats (16 males, 14 females; 180-250 g). The rats were anaesthetized by urethane (0.6 ml/100 g body weight injected i.p.). The brachial plexus was prepared for the microdissection technique and was evaluated in terms of its formation. Sections of the origin level of roots (C-5, C-6, C-7, C-8 and Th-1) and the terminal branches (ulnar, median, radial (musculospiral), axillary (circumflex), and musculocutaneous nerves) were taken and the average numbers of fascicles were calculated. The results of our investigation show that the rat brachial plexus is formed by the inferior primary divisions of the last four cervical and the first thoracic of the spinal nerves (C-5, C-6, C-7, C-8 and Th-1). C-4 might join with C-5 but we did not observe a connection between the Th-2 and Th-1. The diameters of the roots and terminal branches of the brachial plexus were approximately 0.5-1.2 mm and 0.5-1.1 mm, respectively. The numbers of fascicles for the roots and terminal branches were calculated to be approximately 2-4 and 1-4, respectively.