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    The efficacy of hesperidin for treatment of acute otitis media
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Cetinkaya, Erdem Atalay; Ciftci, Osman; Alan, Saadet; Oztanir, M. Namik; Basak, Nese
    Objectives: In this experimental study, the effect of hesperidin on the treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) was investigated in an AOM-induced rat model. Methods: In total, 35 rats were randomly divided into the following five groups (n = 7): group 1 (control), group 2 (AOM with no treatment), group 3 (AOM + antibiotic), group 4 (AOM + hesperidin), and group 5 (AOM + hesperidin + antibiotic). On day 14, group 3,4 and 5 rats were given antibiotic and hesperidin via gavages, respectively. Histopathological and immunological analyses were performed and the results analyzed. Results: Serum levels of TNE-alpha, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-beta were significantly decreased in the hesperidin- and antibiotic-treated groups compared to the AOM group. The AOM + antibiotic and AOM + hesperidin groups demonstrated reduced histological damage compared to the AOM group. Between the AOM + antibiotic and AOM + hesperidin groups, significant differences in tympanic membrane thickness(ThicTM), inflammation(Inf), and sclerosis(Sc) values were observed. However, no difference in epithelial damage(DamEpith), was seen between the two groups. There was a significant difference in the AOM + antibiotic and AOM + antibiotic + hesperidin groups compared to AOM group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, we observed that both antibiotic and hesperidin treatment reduced AOM symptoms in an AOM-induced rat model. The values in AOM + antibiotic + hesperidin group were markedly lower than those of the other groups. From our results, we propose that hesperidin, in combination with antibiotics, may provide a successful alternative treatment for AOM compared with antibiotics used alone. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Qual e a eficacia do beta-glucano no tratamento da otite media aguda?
    (Assoc Brasileira Otorrinolaringologia & Cirurgia Cervicofacial, 2021) Cetinkaya, Erdem Atalay; Ciftci, Osman; Alan, Saadet; Oztanir, Mustafa Namik; Basak, Nese
    Resumo Introducao: Como suplemento, o beta-glucano apresenta varios efeitos terapeuticos gerados pelas celulas imunologicas. Cientificamente aprovado, mostrou ser um modificador de defesa biologica. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos do beta-glucano nos tratamentos administrados em um modelo de otite media aguda induzida em um modeloanimal. A eficacia foi avaliada imunologica e histologicamente. Metodo: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 35 ratos adultos, divididos aleatoriamente em 5 grupos de 7: grupo 1 (controle), grupo 2 (otite media aguda, sem tratamento), grupo 3 (otite media aguda + antibiotico), grupo 4 (otite media aguda + beta-glucano) e grupo 5 (otite media aguda + beta-glucano + antibiotico). Foram feitas analises dos resultados dos exames histopato-logicos e imunologicos em relacao ao espessamento da membrana timpanica, dano ao epitelio, inflamacao e esclerose. Os niveis sericos de TNF-ci, IL-4, IL-6 e IL-113 foram avaliados em todos os grupos. Resultados: Todos os niveis sericos de citocinas foram significativamente mais baixos nos grupos tratados com beta-glucano e antibioticos em comparacao com o grupo otite media aguda. Diferencas significativas na espessura da membrana timpanica, inflamacao, dano do epitelio e esclerose foram observadas entre os grupos otite media aguda + antibiotico e otite media aguda + beta-glucano. De acordo com esses parametros, os valores no grupo otite media aguda + antibiotico + beta-glucano foram acentuadamente inferiores aos dos demais grupos. Houve uma diferenca significante no grupo otite media aguda + antibiotico + beta-glucano em comparacao ao grupo otite media aguda (p < 0,001). Conclusao: Ambos os tratamentos com antibiotico e com beta-glucano reduziram os sinais de inflamacao da otite media aguda em um modelo de rato com otite media aguda induzida, diminuiram os danos histologicos e os niveis de citocinas. A administracao concomitante de antibiotico e beta-glucano levou a uma reducao significativa na espessura da membrana tim-panica, inflamacao e danos ao epitelio. O tratamento com antibioticos + beta-glucano resultou em maior diminuicao na espessura da membrana timpanica, inflamacao e danos no epitelio do que nos outros grupos. A partir desses resultados, pode-se sugerir que o beta-glucano, em combinacao com antibioticos, pode fornecer uma opcao para o tratamento da otite media aguda. (c) 2020 Associacao Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. Este e um artigo Open Access sob uma licenca CC BY (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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    Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial properties of silver complexes derived from 5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazol-2-ylidene
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Cetinkaya, Erdem Atalay; Koc, Ahmet; Koc, Hatice Kubra; Karabiyik, Hande; Karabiyik, Hasan; Ustun, Elvan; Ozdemir, Ismail
    Benzimidazoles are considered as a class of bioactive heterocyclic compounds that exhibit many biological ac-tivities such as antimicrobial. Benzimidazole-silver complexes also have strong antimicrobial activity, sometimes even higher than that of conventionally used silver antimicrobials. In this study, six new 5,6-dimethylbenzimi-dazolium ligand precursors which were functionalized by using 2-naphthylmethyl and their silver complexes were synthesized. All molecules were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spec-troscopy techniques. Additionally, mu-Dichloro-bis{[1-(2-naphthylmethyl)-3-(benzyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-2-ylidene]silver(I)} was characterized structurally in the solid state by X-ray crystallography which was found to be dimeric with two bridging chlorides. In vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds investigated in this work was tested against the reference strains: Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Candida albicans (ATCC MYA-2876) and Candida glabrata (ATCC 2001). Some of these new compounds have been found to display significant effectiveness. Also, the molecular docking analysis was performed for all optimized ligands and complexes against SarA