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    A Case of Intra-abdominal Tuberculosis Due to Mycobacterium bovis Mimicking Ovarian Cancer: Importance of Microbiological Diagnosis
    (Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2022) Dalgic, Bahise Cagla Taskin; Yenisehirli, Gulgun; Tanriverdi, Elif Seren; Akkan, Murat; Otlu, Baris; Sezer, Oznur; Koseoglu, Handan inonu
    Mycobacterium bovis causes gastrointestinal tuberculosis by being transmitted through consumption of infected milk and dairy products, mostly in developing countries, and can spread to the other neighbourhood intra-abdominal tissues and organs. In addition to the symptoms such as weight loss, weakness, abdominal pain, and chronic diarrhea in female patients with abdominal tuberculosis, findings such as pelvic mass, ascites and CA-125 elevation may be encountered. Patients with these symptoms usually preliminary diagnosed as having ovarian cancer. It is very important to distinguish between these two diseases quickly, which have different treatment protocols. In this case report, a case of intra-abdominal tuberculosis caused by M.bovis, whose diagnosis was confirmed by microbiological methods with the findings mimicking ovarian cancer such as weight loss, ascites, pelvic mass and increased CA-125 was presented. Tuberculosis was considered in the differential diagnosis of a 23-year old female patient with abdominal pain, weight loss, ascites, pelvic mass, and elevated CA-125 (643.9 U/ml) findings and a mass in the left tubaovarian region on abdominal CT. The ileum biopsy sample taken during colonoscopy and ascitic fluid sample taken with paracentesis were sent to our laboratory for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining and tuberculosis culture. In our laboratory, samples were incubated in both liquid culture system [BACTEC MGIT 320 Mycobacteria Culture System (Becton Dickinson,USA)] and solid culture medium [Lowenstein-Jensen Medium (Becton Dickinson,USA)] and AFB smears were performed. While AFB smears were negative, ileum biopsy material showed growth on day 14 and ascitic fluid sample on day 11 in liquid culture medium. AFB smear was prepared from broth and red bacilli were seen on a blue background that formed cord factor. The bacillus was identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by the immunochromatographic rapid test [BD MGIT TBc Identification Test (BD,USA)]. The anti-tuberculosis drug treatment was initiated with the diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis. The isolated bacillus was found to be sensitive to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and resistant to streptomycin, according the drug susceptibility test results. Subspecies identification of M.tuberculosis complex was investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) but could not be determined by this method. Genotyping was performed with the GenoType MTBC VER 1.X (Hain Lifescience, HardwiesenstraBe, Germany) kit. The isolate was identified as M.bovis. In the follow-up of the patient three months later, it was determined that tumor markers, ascitic fluid and intra-abdominal lymph nodes regressed significantly and the mass in the left ovary completely disappeared. In this report, we presented a case with intra-abdominal tuberculosis whose clinical, radiological and laboratory findings mimic ovarian cancer to imply the importance of microbiological diagnosis.
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    Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Serum Samples of Healthy Blood Donors
    (Galenos Publ House, 2023) Dalgic, Bahise Cagla Taskin; Yenisehirli, Gulgun; Tanriverdi, Elif Seren; Alici, Ayse; Otlu, Baris
    Introduction: The transmission rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by blood transfusion is thought to be low; however, it has not yet been proven whether the virus is transmitted by blood transfusion. Published studies have reported that SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected in the blood, plasma, or serum of infected individuals. This study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the serum of blood donors and evaluate the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by transfusion. Materials and Methods: In this study, 200 blood samples were taken from volunteer blood donors. In all serum samples, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Medical records of the donors and recipients were retrospectively reviewed. Results: SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in seven (3.5%) of the donor serum samples. None of the positive donors had symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and none had been admitted to the hospital after donation. Seven SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positive donor blood components were given to 12 recipients. No medical records indicated that COVID-19 occurred after the transfusion of blood components for recipients. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the serum of asymptomatic donors. Although our data suggest that the transfusion of blood products from asymptomatic donors to recipients with SARS-CoV-2 RNA in their serum may not result in COVID-19, further studies are needed to prove that SARS-CoV-2 is not transmitted by blood transfusion.
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    The Relationship between Biofilm Production and Antimicrobial Resistance in Methicillin-sensitive and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates: In vitro Evaluation
    (Galenos Publ House, 2022) Dalgic, Bahise Cagla Taskin; Yenisehirli, Gulgun; Otlu, Baris; Tanriverdi, Elif Seren; Yenisehirli, Aydan; Bulut, Yunus
    Introduction: The biofilm formation ability plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infections. This study aimed to investigate the biofilm production ability of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates and evaluate the relationship between their antimicrobial resistance profile and biofilm formation ability. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 MRSA and 50 MSSA isolates were examined. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates was performed using the disk diffusion method. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitor concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin and teicoplanin. The biofilm formation ability of isolates was tested on Congo Red Agar. The presence of icaA, icaD, IS256, and eno genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Both MRSA and MSSA isolates were found susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, chloramphenicol, and linezolid. Two MRSA and 2 MSSA isolates were determined as heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus. No significant difference was observed between the biofilm formation ability of MRSA and MSSA isolates. The eno and icaD genes were detected in 100% of both MSSA and MRSA isolates. The icaA gen was detected in all MRSA and 49 MSSA isolates. The IS256 was detected in 35 of the 50 MRSA isolates. None of the MSSA isolates were positive for the IS256. The amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, rifampin, clindamycin, and tetracycline resistance rates in IS256-positive MRSA isolates were significantly higher than those IS256-negative MRSA isolates. The mean MIC values of vancomycin and teicoplanin in IS256-positive MRSA isolates were significantly higher than those in IS256-negative MRSA isolates. Conclusion: This study revealed that the presence of the IS256 sequence was correlated with antimicrobial resistance, especially MRSA isolates.