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    Hand Grip and Pinch Strength in Patients With Nocturnal Enuresis: Is There a Role of Muscle Strength in Pathogenesis of Enuresis?
    (Wiley, 2011) Karabiber, Hamza; Garipardic, Mesut; Uzel, Murat; Davutoglu, Mehmet; Ozer, Ali; Hasturk, Ziyadeddin; Guler, Ekrem
    Aims: To examine the association of muscle strength with nocturnal enuresis. Subjects and Methods: One hundred sixty-three patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (8-14 years old) were recruited from outpatient clinics. Two hundred eight healthy students served as the control group (8-14 years old) from two primary schools. Physical examinations and the age, gender, height, weight, dominant hand, and body mass of these children index were recorded. A calibrated, Jamar dynamometer was used to assess grip strength at the first two settings. A pinch gauge was used to assess the key pinch of the right and left hands of these children. Two measurements of each grip and pinch were obtained at 15 sec intervals and mean values were analyzed. Results: The hand grip strength test and pinch was significantly lower in the enuretic group compared with the control group. These low results of the muscle strength in the enuretic group showed that whole body muscle weakness may contribute to the pathogenesis of enuresis as a possible etiological factor. Conclusions: In this first study on the association of muscle strength with nocturnal enuresis, it was found that neuromuscular function is abnormal in enuretic patients. In this neuromuscular abnormality, the motor activity is affected. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:525-528, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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    Urine Xanthine Oxidase and Myeloperoxidase Activity in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections
    (Kuwait Medical Assoc, 2013) Davutoglu, Mehmet; Karabiber, Hamza; Kurutas, Ergul Belge; Olgar, Seref; Guler, Ekrem; Atli, Yalcin
    Objective: To investigate the relationships between urinary tract infection (UTI), and activity of antioxidant enzymes, xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in urine of children with UTI Design: Prospective observational study Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey Subjects and Methods: A total of 115 random children admitted to our hospital for urinary symptoms, 61 girls and 54 boys, aged between 2 and 15 years (average 10 years) were included. Study subjects were divided into four groups: Group 1 consisted of 29 pyuria positive and urine culture negative children; Group 2 included 30 children with pyuria and positive urine culture; Group 3 included 26 pyuria negative and urine culture positive children and Group 4 included 30 with pyuria and negative urine culture. Measurement of urine XO and MPO activity were performed spectrophotometrically. Intervension: Urine samples Main Outcome Measures: Antioxidant enzyme activity levels in urine were examined in children with urinary tract infection. Results: Urinary XO activities in Group 2 were significantly higher compared with other groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Significantly different MPO activities were found between Group 1 and Group 2 (p = 0.007). However, no significant difference was found between Group 3 and 4. Conclusion: Significantly increased MPO and XO enzyme activity was found in children with UTI. Measurement of MPO and XO activity may be useful in children with urinary symptoms to diagnose UTI, before obtaining a positive urine culture.