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    An investigation of the effects of various proprioceptive inputs on vestibuloocular reflex and otolith organs
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Cengiz, Deniz Ugur; Karababa, Ercan; Sarioglu, Sanem Can; Mazooglu, Busra; Demirel Birisik, Sumeyye; Avsar, Almila; Bozkurt, Hatice Kubra
    Background The vestibular system is crucial for balance and gaze stability. Proprioceptive inputs from the musculoskeletal system significantly contribute to vestibular processing, especially under postural challenge. Objectives To examine how proprioceptive inputs in various body positions affect the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and otolith organ function. Materials and methods Thirty healthy adults (18-40 years, no vertiginous symptoms) underwent cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (c-VEMP, o-VEMP) and video head impulse testing (v-HIT) in four positions: sitting, standing, one-leg standing, and on a balance disk. Primary outcomes included latency, amplitude, and asymmetry for VEMPs; gain and asymmetry for semicircular canals (SCCs) via v-HIT. Results c-VEMP latencies and amplitudes did not differ significantly across positions; however, amplitude asymmetry was significantly different between sitting and other conditions (p = .041). o-VEMP results remained consistent (p > .05). v-HIT revealed progressively reduced SCC gain from sitting to disk stance, with significant decreases in lateral SCCs (p < .05) and vertical SCCs (p < .001); asymmetry remained stable. Conclusions and significance Increased proprioceptive demand reduced VOR gain and modified c-VEMP asymmetry, reflecting enhanced vestibulospinal engagement. These outcomes likely arise from multisensory interactions rather than proprioceptive input alone, underscoring integrated sensory contributions to postural control.
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    Evaluation of vestibulo-ocular reflex with functional head impulse test in healthy individuals: normative values
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Cengiz, Deniz Ugur; Erbek, Hatice Seyra; Colak, Sanem Can; Kurtcu, Busra; Demirel Birisik, Sumeyye; Karababa, Ercan; Kusman, Busra
    Objectives: This study aimed to determine the normative values of the functional head impulse test (fHIT) test in healthy young adults.Materials and methods: The study included 100 individuals, 58 females and 42 males, aged 20-25 years. Beon Solution Zero Branco (TV) fHIT test was applied to all participants. FHIT results were analyzed in terms of lateral-posterior-anterior semicircular canals (SSCs), gender, and right-left ear.Results: In the fHIT test, for the lateral SSC the mean percent correct answer (%CA) values for 4,000-6,000 degrees/s(2) and 1,000-7,000 degrees/s(2) were 88.52 +/- 9.04 and 89.91 +/- 6.95, respectively; for the posterior SSC, the mean %CA values for SSC 3000-6,000 degrees/s(2) and 1,000-7,000 degrees/s(2) were 90.63 +/- 8.69 and 91.16 +/- 7.42, respectively; for the anterior SSC, the mean %CA values for 3,000-6,000 degrees/s(2) and 1,000-7,000 degrees/s(2) were 91.21 +/- 7.96 and 91.49 +/- 7.13, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the right and left ear in %CA values at all accelerations in all SSCs (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between genders in the mean %CA values for 6,000-7,000 degrees/s(2), 4,000-6,000 degrees/s(2), and 1,000-7,000 degrees/s(2) in the lateral SSC and 3,000-6,000 degrees/s(2) in the anterior SSC (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The FHIT is a noninvasive test battery that functionally evaluates the VOR of the six semicircular canals. In clinical use, the determination of normative values at all accelerations (1,000-7,000 degrees/s(2)) constitutes an important database for future studies to distinguish pathologic results.