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    Acrylamide applied during pregnancy causes the neurotoxic effect by lowering BDNF levels in the fetal brain
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aladag, M. Arif; Altinoz, Eyup; Demirtas, Sezin; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara
    Objectives: The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible mechanism of neurotoxic effect of acrylamide (AA) applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development and to show the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on AA toxicity. Materials and methods: Four groups were formed with 9 pregnant rats each as control (C), acrylamide (AA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), acrylamide plus N-acetylcysteine (AA plus NAC) groups. Caesarian section was implemented on the 20th day of pregnancy. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were analyzed and histopathologic examinations were performed in brain tissues of the fetuses. Results: Our data indicated that AA caused necrotic death and hemorrhagic damages in fetal brain tissue with decreasing BNDF levels and increasing oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine prevented the toxic effects of its on fetal brain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicated that acrylamide has toxic effects in the fetal brain and N-acetylcysteine prevents its toxic effect.
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    Acrylamide applied during pregnancy causes the neurotoxic effect by lowering bdnf levels in thefetal brain
    (Pergamon-elsevıer scıence ltd, the boulevard, langford lane, kıdlıngton, oxford ox5 1gb, england, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Aladag, M. Arif; Altinoz, Eyup; Demirtas, Sezin; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika Gozukara
    Objectives: The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible mechanism of neurotoxic effect of acrylamide (AA) applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development and to show the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on AA toxicity. Materials and methods: Four groups were formed with 9 pregnant rats each as control (C), acrylamide (AA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), acrylamide plus N-acetylcysteine (AA plus NAC) groups. Caesarian section was implemented on the 20th day of pregnancy. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were analyzed and histopathologic examinations were performed in brain tissues of the fetuses. Results: Our data indicated that AA caused necrotic death and hemorrhagic damages in fetal brain tissue with decreasing BNDF levels and increasing oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine prevented the toxic effects of its on fetal brain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicated that acrylamide has toxic effects in the fetal brain and N-acetylcysteine prevents its toxic effect.
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    Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Cold-Pressed Hemp Seed Oil on Lung Cells: Cannabinoid and Fatty Acid Profiling via LC-MS/MS and GC-FID
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Yaman, Zeynep; Aydemir, Songul; Ugur, Yilmaz; Demirtas, Sezin; Senturk, Harun; Salva, Emine; Erdogan, Selim
    This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of cold-pressed hemp seed oil on human lung carcinoma (A549) and normal bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Cell viability was assessed using MTS assay across a concentration range of 1-50 mu g/mL, and a dose-dependent decline was observed in both cell types. At the highest concentration (50 mu g/mL), cell viability decreased to 27% in A549 and 22% in BEAS-2B cells, indicating limited selectivity. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with 25 mu g/mL hemp seed oil resulted in a total late apoptotic/necrotic cell population of 67.13% in A549 cells, with minimal early apoptosis observed. LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of cannabidiol (CBD, 24.55 mu g/mL) and cannabinol (CBN, 11.91 mu g/mL), with excellent recovery rates (CBD: 96.10 +/- 2.38%, CBN: 98.75 +/- 1.76%) and a validated linear range of 1-1000 mu g/mL (R-2 > 0.99). GC-FID analysis identified a favorable fatty acid profile dominated by linoleic acid (55.7%), alpha-linolenic acid (18.19%), and oleic acid (14.12%), which may contribute synergistically to the observed bioactivity. While these in vitro findings suggest that hemp seed oil may possess anticancer activity, further in vivo studies are warranted to clarify its mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and therapeutic applicability.
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    Quercetin Exhibits Nephroprotective Properties Against Tartrazine-Induced Nephrotic Injury: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Kidney Function, Inflammation, Renal Tissue Morphology, and Apoptotic Pathway
    (Wiley, 2026) Erdemli, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Bulut, Nilufer; Zayman, Emrah; Demirtas, Sezin; Karaaslan, Ezgi; Aylaz, Bulent
    We investigated first time in the literature the effects of tartrazine, a common industrial dye, and quercetin, a possible protective, on the kidneys. The rats were randomly assigned to the control, tartrazine, quercetin, and tartrazine + quercetin groups, with each group consisting of eight Wistar albino rats. The trials lasted for 1 month, after which kidney tissues and blood samples were collected. In the tartrazine group, increases were observed in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), glomerular diameter and damage, histopathological damage score, glomerular and tubular caspase-3 immunoreactivity H-score, as well as serum urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels in the kidney tissue. Additionally, kidney tissue histopathology and apoptotic deteriorated in the same group. The deteriorated biochemical and histopathological parameters improved with quercetin administration. Tartrazine led to nephrotoxicity in rats, as indicated by kidney tissue oxidant capacity, inflammation, apoptosis, increased kidney function tests, and deterioration in histopathology. Quercetin exhibited strong antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammation activity and can be used as a protective agent against tartrazine-induced nephrotoxicity.
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    Study of the neuroprotective effect of ginseng on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in experimental diffuse head trauma
    (Springer Wien, 2013) Demir, Ismail; Kiymaz, Nejmi; Gudu, Burhan Oral; Turkoz, Yusuf; Gul, Mehmet; Dogan, Zumrut; Demirtas, Sezin
    The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of ginseng on antioxidant enzyme levels in brain damage following experimental diffuse head trauma in rats. The neuroprotective effect of ginseng was also studied. In this study, rats were divided into four groups, and the rats in group 1 received no intervention. In group 2, the rats were administered 50 mg/kg ginseng, injected intraperitoneally at 1, 24 and 48 h, and the effect of ginseng on normal tissues was studied. No drugs were administered to the rats in group 3 who had previously experienced diffuse head trauma using Feeney's falling weight method. In group 4, rats underwent Feeney's falling weight method, leading to diffuse head trauma, and they were given 50 mg/kg ginseng intraperitoneally 1, 24 and 48 h after head trauma. Rats were killed 72 h after head trauma and their brain tissues extracted for histopathological and biochemical studies. Histopathological study of brain cross sections in the trauma group demonstrated neurons in the trauma region and surrounding area, which generally had a dark-colored eosinophilic cytoplasm and a pyknotic nucleus, while the nuclei of neurons were located peripherally. However, brain cross sections in group 4 from rats given ginseng after head trauma showed fewer neurons with eosinophilic cytoplasm, pyknotic and peripheral nuclei in the trauma region and surrounding area. No statistically significant difference in the tissue SOD level was observed; however, the GSH Px level in group 4 was significantly reduced compared to that in group 3. After affecting the GSH Px level and reducing histopathological scores, ginseng was found to display antioxidant and neuroprotective activity.