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Öğe Analysis of long-term antibody response in COVID-19 patients by symptoms grade, gender, age, BMI, and medication(Wiley, 2022) Ozgocer, Tuba; Dagli, Seyda N.; Ceylan, Mehmet R.; Disli, Faruk; Ucar, Cihat; Yildiz, SedatThe first aim of the study was to analyze the change in antibody titer at 15-day intervals until 60 days postsymptom onset (PSO). The second aim was to analyze the relationship between antibody titer and symptom grade, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), medications, vitamin supplements, and herbal therapies. Blood samples were collected from 43 patients (5 mild, 21 moderate, 17 severe diseases), 18 women (41.9%), and 25 men (58.1%), on 15, 30, 45, and 60 days PSO after COVID-19 infection. The serum antibody titers were determined by measuring the COVID-19 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Associations between the duration of symptoms, demographic and clinical parameters, medications and vitamins used, and herbal therapies were evaluated by interviewing the participants. Within the first 15 days of illness, 81.4% of the patients were positive. From Day 45 PSO, seropositivity was 89.5%. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were statistically higher in men than women at all times (p < 0.01). Antibody titer was higher in older participants compared to younger participants (p < 0.02). Plaquenil or favipiravir use did not affect antibody response (p > 0.05). Men had a higher fever (p = 0.006), shortness of breath (p = 0.004), and chest pain (p = 0.03) than women. We found powerful antibody response by 60 days PSO, as well as higher antibody response and severity of symptoms in the men gender. Data also showed that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are higher in individuals with older age, whereas BMI, concomitant chronic disease, and medications had no effect on antibody titers.Öğe Cytotoxicity Properties of Full Subsituted Organocyclophosphazene Derivatives Containing chalcone-groups against A2780 and MCF-7 Cancer Cell Lines(Wiley, 2017) Durmus, Merve; Beytur, Asiye; Celik, Mesut; Disli, Faruk; Koran, Kenan; Tekin, Suat; Gorgulu, Ahmet Orhan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effects of urination process on heart rate variability(Springer, 2025) Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, SedatPurpose Heart rate variability (HRV) is used for the assessment of activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). As urination is also under the control of the ANS, this study aimed to investigate the usefulness of HRV in the assessment of ANS during the peri-urination period. The psychological effects of sitting on a chair or on the toilet during pre- and post-urination periods were also assessed. Methods Electrocardiogram was used to measure HRV in male participants (n = 40, aged 18-30). They were allowed to drink water to ease urination. At the stage close to voiding, six measurements (each for 90 s) were taken sequentially in sitting position (pre-urination chair, pre-urination toilet, urination, post-urination toilet, post-urination chair, and basal post-urination chair). HRV indices included standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences in R-R intervals (RMSSD), percentage of successive R-R intervals differing more than 50 ms (pNN50), total power (TP), very-low-frequency (VLF), low-frequency (LF), and high-frequency (HF) bands together with the ratio of LF/HF. Results HR, SDNN, TP, LF, and LF/HF increased during urination process (P < 0.05), whereas RMSSD, pNN50, and HF increased before urination on toilet (P < 0.05) compared to sitting on a chair before and after urination. Conclusion HRV indices dynamically reflected the physiological stages of urination. Parasympathetic activity (revealed by pNN50, RMSSD, and HF) increased before urination, whereas sympathovagal balance (revealed by LF/HF) increased during urination. Thus, HRV appears to be a suitable technique for studying physiological and pathological aspects of urination.Öğe Evaluation of the role of mitofusin-1 and mitofusin-2 in periodontal disease(Wiley, 2024) Kirmiziguel, Omer Alperen; Sabanci, Arife; Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, Sedat; Milward, Michael R.; Aral, KubraBackgroundMitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are key cellular organelles and create contact sites (mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact [MERC]), which plays a major role in calcium metabolism, apoptotic processes, and inflammation. Previously, proteins that have been associated with these MERC contact sites mitofusin-1 (MFN1) and mitofusin-2 (MFN2) have been found to be downregulated in periodontal disease in vitro. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate MFN1 and MFN2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with periodontal disease compared with healthy controls clinically. MethodsA total of 48 participants were divided into three groups including periodontally healthy (n = 16), patients with gingivitis (n = 16), and patients with stage 3 grade B periodontitis (n = 16). GCF levels of MFN1, MFN2, calcium (Ca), caspase-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-& alpha;) were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results were calculated as total amount and concentration. ResultsMFN1 levels (total amount) were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis and gingivitis when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). However, concentration levels of MFN1, MFN2, Ca, caspase-1, TNF-& alpha; significantly decreased in periodontal disease groups compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was detected among all evaluated markers (p < 0.05). ConclusionThe MERC protein MFN1 may have a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease due to its increase in GCF of patients with periodontitis and gingivitis.Öğe Inflammatory parameters in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of patients with celiac disease: a comparative analysis(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Sabanci, Arife; Kirmizigul, Omer Alperen; Ozgen, Nazmi; Sabanci, Halil Ibrahim; Koc, Ahmet; Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, SedatObjective Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated chronic enteropathy that causes chronic inflammation and has been found to cause oral health problems. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of the inflammatory markers calcium (Ca), caspase-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva of patients with and without celiac disease. Methods A total of 60 participants were divided into two groups: patients with celiac disease on a gluten diet (C) (n = 30) and systemically healthy controls (H) (n = 30). Full-mouth periodontal measurements, including the gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD), were recorded for all participants. Saliva and GCF samples were collected for analysis of the levels of TNF-alpha, Ca, and caspase-1 via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Salivary and GCF Ca, caspase-1, and TNF-alpha levels were not different between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Oral inflammatory profiles of celiac disease patients on a gluten-free diet show similarities with systemically healthy individuals.Öğe Listening to a Three-Dimensional Virtual Reality Sound: Effects on Stress Response of Adults(Wiley, 2025) Yilmaz, Yucehan; Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, SedatIntroduction: Virtual reality (VR) technologies utilizing three-dimensional (3D) sound may offer sensually engaging imitations. Thus, they may lead to relaxation or may provide a way of escaping from disturbing life events. As they have the potential to manage stress, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of VR 3D sounds on the stress axes of the body, namely the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA). Methods: Participants (19 men and 27 women, mean age 25.8 +/- 10.4 years), wearing on-ear headphones, did not listen to anything (control) or listened to a mono or 3D sound imitating a real-life situation taking place in a virtual barbershop. The control phase was immediately followed by mono or 3D phases. Half of the participants in mono and 3D phases were crossed, with 45 min intervals, to control the effect of time and habituation. Reactivity of ANS and HPA was measured by heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol measurements, respectively. HRV was measured during each phase by a 5-min continuous electrocardiogram recording. Salivary samples were taken during control recording and 15-min after mono or 3D sound listening. HRV parameters consisted of both time- and frequency-domain parameters, including standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN), total power (TP), and low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF), as a measure for sympathovagal activity. Results: Compared to the control phase, the 3D sound increased almost all HRV parameters (including SDNN, TP, LF/HF, etc., p < 0.05) but did not affect salivary cortisol levels (p > 0.05). Effects of mono sound were in between the control and 3D sound phases. Conclusion: It seems that a 3D sound imitating a real-life environment does not affect HPA but increases HRV and sympathovagal balance, suggesting that VR 3D sound is likely to reproduce an ANS response observed in real life.Öğe Magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Production and Its Relationship with Autoantibody Formation(Doc Design Informatics Co Ltd, 2025) Disli, Faruk; Yilmaz, Yucehan; Yildiz, SedatObjective: SARS-CoV-2 infection induces virus-specific antibody production, and in some cases, these antibodies may cross-react with self-antigens, contributing to the development of autoantibodies. This raises the possibility that the magnitude of the antibody response may be associated with the emergence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and ANA positivity. Materials and Methods: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with a dynamic range of 1-475 RU/mL. The positivity threshold was 10 RU/mL, and high SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were defined as >235 RU/ mL (>75% B-o/B in the calibration curve). Samples from individuals with chronic diseases were excluded. Because the number of highly positive samples was limited, these samples were identified first, and negative and moderately positive groups were then formed through random selection. Antinuclear antibodies, including anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsD-NA), anti-extractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA), and anti-HEp-2 nucleus antibodies, were measured using commercial ELISA kits. Results: A total of 1222 samples were screened. After excluding 246 samples, 976 remained eligible. The mean ANA levels and positivity rates for the negative, positive, and high-positive groups were as follows: dsDNA, 0.75 (14.9%), 0.55 (7.5%), 0.85 (29.9%); ENA, 0.75 (14.9%), 0.55 (7.5), 0.85 (29.9%); and Hep-2 nucleus, 0.75 (14.9%), 0.55 (7.5%), 0.85 (29.9%). The high-positive group had significantly higher ANA levels and ANA positivity rates compared with the negative and moderate-positive groups (p<0.001). Notably, the moderately positive group had lower ANA levels and positivity rates than the negative group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that ANA production may increase in individuals with a very high SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, while lower ANA levels were observed in those with a moderate antibody response. These results indicate that the relationship between virus-specific antibody magnitude and autoantibody development is more complex than expected. Given the clinical and immunological implications, further comprehensive studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.Öğe Prevalence of anti-nuclear antibodies in COVID-19 patients: a remarkable 2.5-fold rise compared to healthy controls(Springer London Ltd, 2025) Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, SedatBackground The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, has the potential to induce the formation of antibodies that target self-antigens. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), the most common type of autoantibody, in both healthy individuals and those recovered from COVID-19. Methods This retrospective study involved 400 participants (200 with COVID-19 and 200 healthy controls), aged 18 to 60 years, without any chronic diseases, including autoimmune conditions. Analyses were performed using three different ANA ELISA test kits (anti-dsDNA, anti-ENA, and anti-Hep-2 nucleus tests) that were developed and validated. Results Among the 200 healthy individuals, 38 (19%) tested positive for dsDNA, 37 (18.5%) for ENA, and 30 (15%) for Hep-2 nucleus antibodies. The rates of ANA positivity were significantly higher in individuals with COVID-19, with 97 (48.5%) positive for dsDNA, 81 (40.5%) for ENA, and 84 (42%) for Hep-2 nucleus antibodies (p < 0.05). Conclusion One in every two to three individuals with COVID-19 exhibited ANA positivity, indicating that the SARS-CoV-2 virus poses a significant risk regarding autoimmunity. Furthermore, the incidence of ANA in healthy individuals was observed to be higher than the literature average.Öğe Salivary Urea, Uric Acid and Creatinine Levels in Chronic Renal Patients(Wiley, 2025) Tursun, Hivda Ezgi; Berktas, Bayram; Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, Sedat[No abstract available]Öğe The effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on antinuclear autoantibody formation in individuals without prior COVID-19 infection(Elsevier Science Inc, 2025) Disli, Faruk; Yilmaz, Yuecehan; Yildiz, SedatBackground: Viral particles in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have molecular motifs resembling self-antigens, potentially triggering autoantibody production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of mRNA vaccines (BioNTech), which contain a single viral particle, and inactivated whole viral particles (Sinovac) on antinuclear autoantibody (ANA) formation in individuals without prior COVID-19 infection. Material and Methods: The study was retrospective and included individuals who had not contracted SARS-CoV-2 (tested negative for antigen or antibody). The effects of the inactivated vaccine were assessed in individuals with samples before and after both doses (n = 36); the mRNA vaccine was evaluated in individuals unvaccinated and after two doses (n = 17); and the effects of both vaccines were assessed in individuals who received only the inactivated vaccine (n = 15), only the mRNA vaccine (n = 15), or both (n = 15). ANAs were determined using validated anti-dsDNA, anti-ENA, and anti-Hep-2 nucleus tests. Results: The inactivated vaccines cumulatively increased (p < 0.05) positivity for anti-dsDNA (from 13.9 to 36.1%) and anti-Hep-2 nuclear antibody (from 13.9 to 38.9%) but not anti-ENA antibodies (from 11.1 to 22.2%). The mRNA vaccine did not affect ANA formation compared to unvaccinated stages (p > 0.05). On the other hand, combination of both vaccine types increased the rate of positivity for the anti-dsDNA antibody (from 20.0 to 53.3%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Small, yet valuable, sample size suggest that whole molecule vaccines may increase likelihood of ANA formation, probably due to exposure to increased number of assorted viral epitopes. Moreover, combination of both vaccines appears to increase anti-dsDNA antibodies and this deserves further investigation.Öğe Vitamin-D Insufficiency Leads to Interleukin-10 Reduction in Peri-Implant Tissues: A Case-Control Study(Wiley, 2025) Toy, Vesile Elif; Sabanci, Arife; Dundar, Muhammed; Disli, Faruk; Yildiz, Sedat; Aral, KubraObjectives Vitamin D has been reported to be crucial for bone mineralization and to play a significant role in immune and inflammatory responses. Its deficiency has been stated to be highly prevalent and might alter osseointegration of dental implants. Successful osseointegration has been claimed to be a critical aspect of implant survival and the effects of vitamin D on implant osseointegration have not been well documented. This study aimed to evaluate bone markers and cytokine levels of patients with or without vitamin D insufficiency. Material and Methods A total of 42 patients were included and divided into two groups: vitamin D insufficient (Group IN-S; n = 21) and vitamin D sufficient (Group S; n = 21). Besides clinical periodontal parameters and implant stability measurements, the levels of RANKL, OPG, osteocalcin (OC), calcium (Ca), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1 beta, caspase-1 (CASP1), and IL-10 in bone biopsy from implant preparation sockets and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were represented as concentration and total amount. Results PICF RANKL levels (both concentration and total amount) were higher in patients with Vitamin D insufficiency compared to sufficient controls (p < 0.05). Concentration and total amount of IL-10 were significantly lower in vitamin D insufficient participants than those of vitamin D sufficient group (p < 0.05). No differences were detected between the groups in terms of other parameters. Bone levels of all evaluated parameters also did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion It may be concluded that a low serum level of vitamin D may affect peri-implant health through altering IL-10 and RANKL.
