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    The effect of melatonin on spinal cord after ischemia in rats
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2016) Aydemir, S.; Dogan, D.; Kocak, A.; Dilsiz, N.
    Study design: Experimental animal model to assess ischemic spinal cord injury (SCI) following occlusion of the thoracoabdominal aorta. Objectives: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of melatonin on SCI induced by ischemia and following reperfusion. Setting: Animal Research Laboratory, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey. Methods: We evaluated oxidative damage and caspase-3 activity. In total, 32 adult Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Group 1, control (n=8); Group 2 (n=8), those subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (IR) by clamping the thoraco-abdominal aorta; Group 3 (n=8), melatonin (50 mg kg(-1)) treated; and Group 4 (n=8), melatonin (50 mg kg(-1)) followed by ischemia. All animals were kept alive for 48 h, and then spinal cord samples were removed. We assayed oxidative damage by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), apoptosis by measuring activated caspase-3 (using immunoblots) and intrinsic antioxidative capacity by measuring reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the spinal cord. Results: The results indicated a significant decrease in activity of caspase-3 in SCI animals after treatment with melatonin, as it significantly decreased the formation of MDA and decelerated the loss of GSH. Conclusion: This study suggested that melatonin could be an effective neuroprotective agent for treatment of SCI.
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    SUSTAINABLE USE OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN THE SCOPE OF URBAN AGRICULTURE: THE SAMPLE OF MALATYA, TURKEY
    (Scibulcom Ltd, 2016) Yilmaz, B.; Dogan, D.; Ates, O.; Cengiz, S.; Gormus, S.
    Agriculture is a strategically very important sector for every country since it supplies all vital food elements people need, meets the raw material demands of national industries, offers job opportunities to people from every levels of society and inputs foreign currency to national economy by exporting crops. However, it is one of the most affected sectors by the increasing urbanisation impacts due to rapid human population increase, improving socio-economic conditions and advancing technology. The province of Malatya located in Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey meets nearly 80% of world dried apricot need. Urban agriculture lands taking place in urban tissue of Malatya city and composed mainly of apricot orchards (AO) have been lost at an important rate for the last 15 years. From this point of view, in the scope of the present study, land cover (LC) and land use (LU) types were determined first to determine the rate of lands lost to the use types other than agriculture. The rate of the areas gained and lost was determined by investigating the changes in these LC/LU types between 1984 and 2014. Protective and improving strategies were developed by determining socioeconomic and legal and administrative reasons for the lost agricultural lands (AL) and AO.