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    Can Propolis Be Protective against to Ethanol-impaired Anxiety and Unconditional Fear?
    (2015) Dogan, Zumrut Yilmaz; Emre, Memet Hanifi
    Alcohol metabolism produces acetaldehyde and free radicals which are source of an oxidative stress. The oxidative stress causes oxidative damage on area of learning and memory thus depresses learning and memory processes. Propolis is a component of honeybee that has been used extensively for folk medicine for centuries due to its several biological and pharmacological properties. This work is carried out in order to investigate whether propolis treatment could reverse metabolic alterations on anxiety induced by alcohol.
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    Effects of acute moderate and strenuous exercise bouts on IL-17 production and inflammatory response in trained rats
    (Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2009) Duzova, Halil; Karakoc, Yunus; Emre, Memet Hanifi; Dogan, Zumrut Yilmaz; Kilinc, Evren
    In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of a single bout of acute moderate and strenuous running exercise on the production of interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and inflammatory response of skeletal muscles in regularly trained rats. Eight week old rats were trained by treadmill running 5 days per week for 13 weeks at the durations of 30 min (moderate) and 60 min (strenuous). Two days after the last training session, the animals were subjected to a single bout of moderate or strenuous exercise and serum samples were analyzed for IL-17, IL-6, IL-1ra levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of gastrocnemius muscle were determined. IL-17 level significantly increased in strenuous exercise group when compared to that of sedentary controls (p < 0.01), On the other hand, only in the moderate exercise group, there was a negative correlation between IL-6 and IL-17 levels (r = 0.857 and p = 0.014). In conclusion, acute single bout of strenuous exercise increased IL-17 production in trained rats and, this cytokine may be involved in inflammatory process of skeletal muscles.