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    Alamandine: Protective Effects Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury-Induced Renal and Liver Damage in Diabetic Rats
    (Wiley, 2025) Cengiz, Ayse Nuransoy; Ozhan, Onural; Tanriverdi, Lokman Hekim; Dogru, Feyzi; Yildiz, Azibe; Polat, Alaadin; Vardi, Nigar
    Alamandine (ALA) is a heptapeptide discovered in 2013 within the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Given the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in society and its comorbidities, especially renal failure, which significantly impairs the quality of life, this study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ALA against renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rats. Our aim was to develop preventive therapies for DM and diabetic renal failure. Forty-eight 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by administering a single intraperitoneal dose of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats were divided into four groups. Right nephrectomy was performed through dorsolateral incisions in all rats, followed by occlusion of the left renal vessels for 1 h to induce ischemia. Reperfusion of the left kidney was initiated by removing the clamp and allowing 24 h of reperfusion. Histopathological examination of the kidney tissues revealed necrotic changes and tubular dilatation in the I/R group, which were significantly reduced in the ALA + I/R group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased immunoreactivity for interleukin-6 (IL-6) and caspase-3 in the I/R group, whereas the ALA + I/R group demonstrated significantly lower immunoreactivity for these markers. Liver histology showed irregular hepatocyte cords and sinusoidal dilatation in the I/R group, whereas the ALA + I/R group exhibited a preserved classical lobular structure with reduced histopathological changes. Blood parameters, serum biochemistry, and tissue findings were also analyzed. Our study demonstrated the protective effects of ALA on renal and liver tissues against damage induced by renal I/R injury in a diabetic background. Moreover, ALA exhibited protective effects against liver damage resulting from renal I/R injury.
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    Comparison of the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy and trigger point dry needling in the treatment of Calcaneal Epin- A randomized trial
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2025) Arpaci, Muhammed Furkan; Dogru, Feyzi; Deniz, Mine Argali; Cicek, Ipek Balikci; Baykara, Rabia Aydogan; Erdem, Cumali; Tas, Ferhat
    Background: Dry needling (DN) and Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) are common in calcaneal epin treatment. Objective The aim of the study was to compare the effects of both treatments on proprioception, balance, pain, and functional status. Methods: 90 patients which consist of 45 patients as DN + self stretching and 45 patients as ESWT + self stretching. Patients in each group were treated 1 session per week for 4 weeks. Assessments of 15 degrees ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion proprioception, one leg standing test (OLST), foot function index (FFI), visual analog scale (VAS) (first step, resting, activity), quality of life scale (SF-36) were performed. The outcomes were recorded at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 4 weeks after the post-treatment. Results: Statistically significant differences were determined in VAS (resting, first step, activity) and FFI values in both treatment methods (p < 0.05). In OLST, SF-36, and FFI evaluations, DN was statistically more effective than the ESWT method (p < 0.001). In the 15 degrees proprioception evaluations, a significant difference was observed in the patient's ankle in both methods, while the DN method is more effective in the indicated stages of evaluation. Conclusions: Both methods applied to epin calcanei patients were effective, but the DN method is a more effective treatment method than the ESWT method in terms of balance, proprioception, foot function, and quality of life.
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    Protective effects of buloxibutid and empagliflozin on hypertension-induced cardiac and vascular injury in rats
    (Springer, 2026) Ozhan, Onural; Colak, Mehmet; Karaca, Elif; Dogru, Feyzi; Kucukakcali, Zeynep; Acet, Ahmet; Parlakpinar, Hakan
    This study aims to see the individual and combined effects of Angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor agonist buloxibutid (also known as Compound 21 or C21) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor empagliflozin (EMPA) on effects of hypertension (HT), which is common today, on the heart, and vascular tissue. Male rats of the Sprague Dawley were divided into 5 groups: Control (C) group, HT group, HT + C21 group, HT + EMPA group and HT + C21 + EMPA group. After the protocol was completed, hemodynamic measurements were taken and heart and aorta tissues were evaluated biochemically, histopatologically and immunohistochemically. When the mean blood pressure (BP) values were compared, the mean BP of the HT group increased significantly compared to the C group (p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities in the heart, glutathione and catalase activities in the descending aorta were significantly higher in all treated groups compared to the HT group (p < 0.05). In the HT + C21 + EMPA group, histopathological damage score in hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained heart sections compared to the HT group showed a decrease in tissue damage but cell infiltration was still observed. When HE staining method was applied, it was determined that the thoracic aorta sections in group C had normal histologic structure. In the HT group, dilatation in some parts and irregularities in elastic lamellae were observed. It was observed that the treated groups were similar to group C. When considering the individual and combined effects of C21 and EMPA, positive results on heart and vascular tissue were observed by hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological analyses.
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    Renoprotective effects of compound 21 and empagliflozin in L-Name-induced hypertensive rats
    (Bmc, 2025) Ozhan, Onural; Colak, Mehmet; Karaca, Elif; Dogru, Feyzi; Kucukakcali, Zeynep; Acet, Ahmet; Parlakpinar, Hakan
    Background This study investigated the renoprotective effects of compound 21 (C21) and empagliflozin (EMPA) individually and in combination in an N omega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rat model. The objective of this study was to evaluate their impact on oxidative stress (OS), biochemical markers, and histopathological changes in renal tissues. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control, hypertension (HT), HT + C21, HT + EMPA, and HT + C21 + EMPA. Hypertension was induced by intraperitoneal L-NAME administration. Biochemical analyses of kidney tissue and histopathological evaluations were conducted to assess the treatment effects. Results Both C21 and EMPA significantly reduced the levels of OS markers, such as malondialdehyde, while increasing the levels of antioxidants, such as total antioxidants and glutathione. Compared with the individual treatments, the combination of C21 and EMPA exhibited superior efficacy in mitigating OS by significantly increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Furthermore, these treatments alleviated histopathological damage, including glomerular collapse, tubular degeneration, and interstitial inflammation, which were prominent in the HT group. The combined therapy group presented nearly normal histological structures in kidney tissues, with reduced inflammation and cellular damage. Urinary biochemical markers also reflected improved renal function in the treated groups, particularly in the combined therapy group. These findings indicate that the synergistic effects of C21 and EMPA enhance their protective impact on renal tissues. Conclusion C21 and EMPA demonstrated significant renoprotective effects in this HT model by reducing OS, enhancing antioxidant defenses, and mitigating renal tissue damage. Their combined administration offered synergistic benefits, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic strategy for hypertension-induced renal injury. Further research is warranted to validate these findings in clinical settings.
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    Sitagliptin Alleviates Radiation-Induced Kidney and Testis Degeneration in Rats
    (Mdpi, 2025) Celik, Huseyin; Temelli, Oztun; Ozhan, Onural; Taslidere, Elif; Dogru, Feyzi
    Background: Radiation-induced tissue degeneration is the most important side effect of radiotherapy. Sitagliptin with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity was tested in alleviating the radiation-induced cellular degeneration in kidney and testis tissues. Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups as control, radiation (RT), radiation + sitagliptin (RT + SGT), and sitagliptin + radiation (SGT + RT). The RT group received 8 Gy radiation. Sitagliptin was applied per os at a 10 mg/kg dose for 14 days to the SGT groups either after or before radiation. Results: Radiation induced marked oxidative stress in kidney and testis tissues, whereas sitagliptin partially restored several antioxidant parameters in the kidney and reduced MDA levels in the testis. Histologically, radiation caused degenerative changes in the renal tubules and glomerulus and the testicular seminiferous tubules, while sitagliptin treatment attenuated these changes in both organs. Caspase-3 expression increased significantly after radiation treatment in the kidney without substantial improvement by sitagliptin; however, VEGF expression, which was markedly reduced by radiation in both tissues, was restored in sitagliptin-treated groups. FGF expression suppressed in all irradiated groups as compared to the control with no significant differences among them. Conclusions: Overall, the results indicated that sitagliptin can be used to attenuate the degenerative effects induced by radiation. Sitagliptin use after radiation as compared to the before use showed significantly better results especially in the kidney tissue.