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    Clinical characteristics according to sex and symptom severity in children with selective mutism: a four-center study
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Dogru, Hicran; Ucuz, Ilknur; Uzun Cicek, Ayla; Comertoglu Arslan, Semiha
    IntroductionClinical information regarding selective mutism (SM), a persistent and debilitating psychiatric disorder, in children is extremely limited. We aimed to examine sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid psychiatric conditions and identify clinical variables associated with sex and SM severity among children with SM.MethodsWe analyzed the medical records of 49 children who received treatment for SM in four different tertiary hospitals in Turkey between 2016 and 2021. Children's charts were reviewed to examine clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and response to treatment.ResultsThirty-one children were female, and 18 were male (female:male ratio is 1.7:1). Most children (73.5%) with SM displayed onset of SM in 3-6 years. However, most children (57.1%) were diagnosed between the ages of 7-11. The mean time from onset to diagnosis was 1.69 +/- 1.37 years. Females displayed a later onset of SM (6.42 +/- 2.40 vs. 4.89 +/- 0.96; p= 0.013) and higher comorbidity rates (71% vs. 38.9%, p= 0.039) than males. The vast majority of children received two or more psychiatric diagnoses. Children in the severe group had a longer duration of illness, higher rates of psychiatric comorbidity, speech delay, and treatment resistance.ConclusionOur study suggests that SM may have different clinical features according to sex and symptom severity of SM. More information about children with SM is needed to understand the development and maintenance of SM.
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    Does Involvement in Peer Bullying Invite Self-Injury? The Association Between Peer Bullying and Self-Injury in a Clinical Sample
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023) Cicek, Ayla Uzun; Ucuz, Ilknur; Sari, Seda Aybuke; Arslan, Semiha Comertoglu; Dogru, Hicran
    Previous studies have linked peer bullying to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, the evidence is largely limited to population-based groups. This study examined whether there is a relationship between NSSI and being a victim of peer bullying among adolescents in a clinical sample and how this may be influenced by types of bullying. The sample consisted of 96 outpatients with NSSI and 107 healthy adolescents. The Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury, Peer Bullying Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were applied. Whereas the scores of each bullying type of adolescents with NSSI were significantly higher, their self-esteem scores were significantly lower. Each victimization score of bullying had a negative correlation with NSSI-onset age and self-esteem scores and a positive correlation with self-injury scores. This study demonstrated that being a victim of any type of bullying is strongly associated with self-injury. It would be advisable to screen adolescents with self-injury for exposure to bullying, and vice versa.
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    Drug-refractory irritability and related factors in autistic children
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Aykutlu, Hasan C.; Bozatli, Leyla; Gorker, Isik; Okyar, Esra; Uzun-Cicek, Ayla; Ucuz, Ilknur; Dogru, Hicran
    ObjectivesAutistic children frequently exhibit irritability, which can manifest as aggression, self-injurious behaviour, and severe tantrums, leading to significant impairments. Two atypical antipsychotics have been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of irritability in autistic children, although a significant percentage of these children do not respond to this treatment. This study aimed to determine the frequency of drug refractory irritability (DRI) and identify the risk factors in a large clinical sample of autistic children.MethodsThe medical records of 1279 children aged 2-18 years diagnosed with autism and undergoing clinical follow-up were retrospectively analysed. Socioeconomic and clinical characteristics, co-occurring psychiatric disorders and physical conditions were recorded.Results55% of the sample used antipsychotics to treat irritability, and 8.2% met the DRI criteria. Older age, severe support requirement for autism, language impairment, anxiety disorders, sleep difficulties, gastrointestinal system, and dental problems were found to significantly increase the risk of DRI.ConclusionOur findings indicate that a significant proportion of the clinical sample of autistic children had DRI. The physical, psychiatric, and environmental risk factors identified in our study also highlight heterogeneity in the etiology of DRI. Further research on DRI is needed to develop treatment and prevention strategies.
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    Sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics, and treatments in children with trichotillomania in terms of age and gender: a multicenter study
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Arslan, Semiha Comertoglu; Cicek, Ayla Uzun; Ucuz, Ilknur; Dogru, Hicran
    Objective Although trichotillomania (TTM) is a common, typically pediatric-onset disorder, data on the phenomenology of TTM in children, accompanying comorbid psychiatric disorders, and treatment options are extremely limited. In our study, it was aimed to investigate these variables and related factors in patients undergoing psychiatric evaluation and follow-up. Method The study included 79 children and adolescents between the ages of 4 and 17 who were diagnosed with TTM and followed up in four different Child and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient clinics between 2015 and 2020. The sociodemographic characteristics of these patients, clinical features of the disease, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and treatment approaches have been studied. Results Our results showed that TTM was more common in girls, hair and eyebrow plucking was the most common, and symptoms and features accompanying TTM changed with age, but not with gender. Again, 79.7% of these children had at least one psychiatric comorbid disorder (most common being anxiety disorders and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), comorbidity was closely related to TTM severity, 93.7% used at least one pharmacotherapeutic agent, and positive response rates to treatment were found to be low. Moreover, TTM severity was found to increase with age and disease duration. Conclusion Study findings support that clinical presentation, disease severity and comorbidity rates may change with age in children and adolescents with TTM, and early intervention is important to prevent clinical progression/worsening and mental health sequela.
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    The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the "parental satisfaction with caregiving for children with developmental disabilities" scale
    (2021) Dogru, Hicran; Cakir, Ali
    Aim: Parents of children with special needs face many difficulties. Additional support may be required for parents who are not satisfied with their disabled child's care. This study aimed to develop the Turkish validity and reliability study of "parental satisfaction with caregiving for children with developmental disabilities", which is evaluated the satisfaction of the parent who gives the care child with a special need. Materials and Methods: This study included one hundred forty-seven parents, who gave care of children with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Detailed information gave to participants and their informed consent was obtained. Student t, Mann-Whitney U, Anova and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for statistical evaluation.Results: The coefficient of Cronbach Alpha was 0.848 and that had a high degree of reliability. The coefficient of Cronbach Alpha of the satisfaction with the child was 0.812 and personal satisfaction was 0.784. In the analysis, KMO value was 0.795; Bartlett's value was also determined as 580.692, which was found statistically significant (p 0.00).Conclusion: This scale is expected to help researchers identify factors associated with parents' satisfaction with care and also identify factors that make the care process a positive experience for parents. Clinicians and caregivers can use this scale to determine whether parents with children with behavioral problems need additional support.