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    Growth, nutrient uptake, and yieldpromotion of broccoli by plantgrowth promoting rhizobacteriawith manure
    (American Society for Horticultural Science, 2011) Yildirim E.; Karlidag H.; Turan M.; Dursun A.; Goktepe F.
    This study was conducted to investigate the effects of root inoculations with Bacillus cereus (N2-fixing), Brevibacillus reuszeri (P-solubilizing), and Rhizobium rubi(both N2-fixing and P-solubilizing) on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and yield of broccoliin comparison with manure (control) and mineral fertilizer application under fieldconditions in 2009 and 2010. Bacterial inoculations with manure compared with controlsignificantly increased yield, plant weight, head diameter, chlorophyll content, nitrogen(N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe),manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) content of broccoli. The lowest yield perplant, plant weight, steam diameter, and chlorophyll content were recorded in thecontrol, but the manure with Bacillus cereus (BC), Rhizobium rubi (RR), and Brevibacillusreuszeri (BR) inoculations increased yield 17.0%, 20.2%, and 24.3% andchlorophyll content by 14.7%, 14.0%, and 13.7% over control, respectively. Bacterialinoculations with manure significantly increased uptake of macronutrients and micronutrientsby broccoli. In conclusion, seedling inoculation with BR and especially RR maypartially substitute costly synthetic fertilizers in broccoli.
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    Salt tolerance of Physalis during germination and seedling growth
    (2011) Yildirim E.; Karlidag H.; Dursun A.
    The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of NaCl salinity on germination and emergence of Physalis ixocarpa and Physalis peruviana. Seeds of P. ixocarpa and P. peruviana were germinated by the use of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 mM NaCl solutions in petri dishes. Final germination percentage (FGP) decreased with the increase in NaCl concentration. Both species germinated at the ranges of salinity. P. peruviana gave the greater germination percentages under salt stress than P. ixocarpa. NaCl salinity at different concentrations adversely affected germination rates. For seedling growth, seeds of both species were sown at 10 mm depth in plastic trays filled with peat to determine final emergence percentage (FEP). The trays were irrigated manually to saturation every day with 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 or 180 mM NaCl solutions to maintain the level of salinity. Salinity affected seed emergence and seedlings growth more than seed germination. The study showed that no emergence of Physalis was observed at 90, 120 and 180 mM NaCl salinity. Fresh and dry weights of normal seedlings were also evaluated. Salt stress significantly decreased the plant fresh and dry weight of both species. Based on the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that seedling emergence and growth is more sensitive to salt stress than seed germination in Physalis.