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    Levels of interleukin-8 and catalase have correlations with zinc in healthy adults: Implications for inflammatory conditions
    (2021) Olatunbosun Arinola, Ganiyu; Edem, Fabian Victory
    Aim: To determine the relationship between Zinc levels with different aspects of innate immunity [percentage leucocyte migration (%LM), intracellular killing (%NBT), plasma inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and IL-8), plasma antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, hydrogen peroxide) and nitric oxide] among healthy Nigerians. Material and Methods: In 50 healthy adults, two phagocytic indices [percentage leucocyte migration (%LM) and intracellular killing (%NBT)] were determined by microscopy; two inflammatory cytokines [Plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 8 (IL-8)] were assessed using ELISA; respiratory burst indices [plasma catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO)] were evaluated by spectrophotometry. Zinc (Zn) was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Phagocytic indices, cytokines and respiratory burst indices were correlated with plasma Zn levels using Spearmans Correlation analysis at P <0.05. Results: The result of the study shows that plasma IL-8 level had negative correlation with Zn level while catalase had positive correlation with Zn level in healthy adults. Conclusion: These findings suggest that potential mechanism of Zn during innate immunity include production of antioxidant catalase enzyme and reduction of IL-8 inflammatory cytokine. Recommendation: These findings raise the possibility that Zn supplementation or Zn containing diets may be beneficial to individuals with inflammatory conditions.
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    Levels of Plasma C-reactive protein, Albumin and Pre-Albumin in Nigerian COVID-19 Patients
    (2022) Arinola, Ganiyu Olatunbosun; Edem, Fabian Victory; Alonge, Temitope Oluwagbenga
    Aim: COVID-19 is a new viral, rapidly infectious and inflammatory disease, with no treatment currently.However, no study reported combination of high sensitive C-reactive protein (a marker of inflammation), albumin and prealbumin (markers of nutritional status) in the prognosis of COVID-19 among Nigerian COVID-19 patients. We assessed plasma levels of hsCRP, albumin, prealbumin, hsCRP albumin ratio and hsCRP-prealbumin ratio in newly admitted COVID-19 patients and COVID-19 patients at discharge. Material and Methods: Albumin, pre-albumin and C-RP levels were determined in the plasma of confirmed cases of COVID-19 recruited form one Infectious Diseases Center, Ibadan, Nigeria using ELISA. hsCRP-albumin ratio and hsCRP-prealbumin ratio were calculated. All these parameters were compared in both groups of patients and controls. Results: hsC-RP level was significantly higher in newly admitted COVID-19 patients compared with discharged COVID-19 patients or COVID-19 free control (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma levels of albumin, prealbumin, hsCRP-albumin ratio and hsCRP-prealbumin ratio in both groups of COVID-19 patients compared with control (p>0.05).The mean values of plasma hsC-RP, albumin and prealbumin in most COVID-19 patients (89%, 100% and 91% respectively) were within normal reference ranges. hsC-RP were significantly increased in newly admitted COVID-19 patients who were females, above 40 years of age and stayed above 10 days of hospital admission (p<0.05 in each case). Conclusion: PlasmahsC-RP levelmight be a useful prognostic marker of COVID-19. Also COVID-19 in this group of patients exhibited low grade inflammation.